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| Author | : S. Abbas Hosseini |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 344 |
| Release | : 2005 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : See Leang Chin |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 138 |
| Release | : 2010-03-10 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1441906886 |
This book attempts to give a discussion of the physics and current and potential applications of the self-focusing of an intense femtosecond laser pulse in a tra- parent medium. Although self-focusing is an old subject of nonlinear optics, the consequence of self-focusing of intense femtosecond laser pulses is totally new and unexpected. Thus, new phenomena are observed, such as long range lam- tation, intensity clamping, white light laser pulse, self-spatial ltering, self-group phase locking, self-pulse compression, clean nonlinear uorescence, and so on. Long range propagation at high intensity, which is seemingly against the law of diffraction, is probably one of the most exciting consequences of this new sub- eld of nonlinear optics. Because the intensity inside the lament core is high, new ways of doing nonlinear optics inside the lament become possible. We call this lamentation nonlinear optics. We shall describe the generation of pulses at other wavelengths in the visible and ultraviolet (UV) starting from the near infrared pump pulse at 800 nm through four-wave-mixing and third harmonic generation, all in gases. Remotely sensing uorescence from the fragments of chemical and biological agents in all forms, gaseous, aerosol or solid, inside the laments in air is demonstrated in the labo- tory. The results will be shown in the last part of the book. Through analyzing the uorescence of gas molecules inside the lament, an unexpected physical process pertaining to the interaction of synchrotron radiation with molecules is observed.
| Author | : Robert W. Boyd |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 611 |
| Release | : 2008-12-16 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0387347275 |
Self-focusing has been an area of active scientific investigation for nearly 50 years. This book presents a comprehensive treatment of this topic and reviews both theoretical and experimental investigations of self-focusing. This book should be of interest to scientists and engineers working with lasers and their applications. From a practical point of view, self-focusing effects impose a limit on the power that can be transmitted through a material medium. Self-focusing also can reduce the threshold for the occurrence of other nonlinear optical processes. Self-focusing often leads to damage in optical materials and is a limiting factor in the design of high-power laser systems. But it can be harnessed for the design of useful devices such as optical power limiters and switches. At a formal level, the equations for self-focusing are equivalent to those describing Bose-Einstein condensates and certain aspects of plasma physics and hydrodynamics. There is thus a unifying theme between nonlinear optics and these other disciplines. One of the goals of this book is to connect the extensive early literature on self-focusing, filament-ation, self-trapping, and collapse with more recent studies aimed at issues such as self-focusing of fs pulses, white light generation, and the generation of filaments in air with lengths of more than 10 km. It also describes some modern advances in self-focusing theory including the influence of beam nonparaxiality on self-focusing collapse. This book consists of 24 chapters. Among them are three reprinted key landmark articles published earlier. It also contains the first publication of the 1964 paper that describes the first laboratory observation of self-focusing phenomena with photographic evidence.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 1998 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
We have identified and confirmed that ultrafast intense Ti-sapphire laser pulses after propagating through an optical medium self-transform into chirped white light laser pulses as manifested by the generation of supercontinuum. During the propagation of such pulses in air, self-focusing and filamentation take place together with strong field interaction with molecules in its path. Some important physical processes were studied. In particular, we observed a new type of fluorescence from the air molecules characteristic of intense field ionization and fragmentation unexpected from normal wisdom of plasma emission. An analytical tunnel ionization model of air molecules that agree with our experimental results was developed. It could be used in any theoretical modelling of such propagation. New techniques were developed to study the dynamics of filamentation. They allowed us to observed directly for the first time the signature of re-focusing The dependence of filamentation on various laser parameters such as the chirp, the divergence, etc. was also measured. Preliminary results agree with what we expect based on current knowledge of ultrafast nonlinear optics.
| Author | : Paul M. Pellegrino |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 464 |
| Release | : 2018-09-03 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1351831178 |
Laser-Based Optical Detection of Explosives offers a comprehensive review of past, present, and emerging laser-based methods for the detection of a variety of explosives. This book: Considers laser propagation safety and explains standard test material preparation for standoff optical-based detection system evaluation Explores explosives detection using deep ultraviolet native fluorescence, Raman spectroscopy, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, reflectometry, and hyperspectral imaging Examines photodissociation followed by laser-induced fluorescence, photothermal methods, cavity-enhanced absorption spectrometry, and short-pulse laser-based techniques Describes the detection and recognition of explosives using terahertz-frequency spectroscopic techniques Each chapter is authored by a leading expert on the respective technology, and is structured to supply historical perspective, address current advantages and challenges, and discuss novel research and applications. Readers are left with an in-depth understanding and appreciation of each technology’s capabilities and potential for standoff hazard detection.
| Author | : Claude Rulliere |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 438 |
| Release | : 2005 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0387017690 |
This is the second edition of this advanced textbook written for scientists who require further training in femtosecond science. Four years after pub- cation of the ?rst edition, femtosecond science has overcome new challenges and new application ?elds have become mature. It is necessary to take into account these new developments. Two main topics merged during this period that support important scienti?c activities: attosecond pulses are now gen- ated in the X-UV spectral domain, and coherent control of chemical events is now possible by tailoring the shape of femtosecond pulses. To update this advanced textbook, it was necessary to introduce these ?elds; two new ch- ters are in this second edition: “Coherent Control in Atoms, Molecules, and Solids”(Chap.11)and“AttosecondPulses”(Chap.12)withwell-documented references. Some changes, addenda, and new references are introduced in the ?rst edition’s ten original chapters to take into account new developments and updatethisadvancedtextbookwhichistheresultofascienti?cadventurethat started in 1991. At that time, the French Ministry of Education decided that, in view of the growing importance of ultrashort laser pulses for the national scienti?c community, a Femtosecond Centre should be created in France and devoted to the further education of scientists who use femtosecond pulses as a research tool and who are not specialists in lasers or even in optics.
| Author | : Kaoru Yamanouchi |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 248 |
| Release | : 2014-08-09 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3319067311 |
The PUILS series delivers up-to-date reviews of progress in Ultrafast Intense Laser Science, a newly emerging interdisciplinary research field spanning atomic and molecular physics, molecular science and optical science, which has been stimulated by the recent developments in ultrafast laser technologies. Each volume compiles peer-reviewed articles authored by researchers at the forefront of each their own subfields of UILS. Every chapter opens with an overview of the topics to be discussed, so that researchers unfamiliar to the subfield, as well as graduate students, can grasp the importance and attractions of the research topic at hand; these are followed by reports of cutting-edge discoveries. This eleventh volume covers a broad range of topics from this interdisciplinary research field, focusing on ultrafast dynamics of molecules in intense laser fields, pulse shaping techniques for controlling molecular processes, high-order harmonics generation and attosecond Photoionization, femtosecond laser induced filamentation and laser particle acceleration.
| Author | : See Leang Chin |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 378 |
| Release | : 2007-06-10 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3540381562 |
This book series addresses a newly emerging interdisciplinary research field, Ultrafast Intense Laser Science, spanning atomic and molecular physics, molecular science, and optical science. Highlights of this second volume include Coulomb explosion and fragmentation of molecules, control of chemical dynamics, high-order harmonic generation, propagation and filamentation, and laser-plasma interaction. All chapters are authored by foremost experts in their fields.
| Author | : Benjamin David Strycker |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2014 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Femtosecond laser pulses with millijoule energy have the potential to be used in many applications for remote sensing in marine environments. In this dissertation, we investigate some of the basic phenomena involved when a loosely focused, potentially filament-forming millijoule femtosecond laser pulse propagating in air interacts with an air-water interface. As an introduction to the primary investigation, we discuss concepts and experiments relevant to the primary investigation: the interaction of millijoule femtosecond laser pulses with an air-water interface. We first discuss linear femtosecond pulse propagation in water and describe an experiment investigating pulse attenuation behavior in water in the linear pulse propagation regime. We find no deviations from exponential attenuation, in contradiction to some earlier works. We then discuss nonlinear pulse propagation in water and describe an experiment investigating the onset of nonlinear pulse propagation and spectral transformation in water. We find that nonlinear femtosecond pulse propagation begins at a peak pulse intensity of about 1010 W/cm2. This experiment provides a convenient segway into the discussion and investigation of femtosecond laser filaments. We describe an experiment in which two filaments interact within liquid methanol and exchange energy. We then discuss laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and demonstrate that different LIBS signal intensity thresholds can be utilized to image shallowly buried objects. Finally, all of these concepts are brought together to discuss the interaction of millijoule femtosecond laser pulses with an air-water interface. We catalogue and describe the main phenomena involved, which span about 12 orders of magnitude in time. We then describe the characteristics of the acoustic shockwaves generated by this interaction and demonstrate the usefulness of millijoule femtosecond laser pulses in several remote sensing applications in marine environments. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151778
| Author | : Jean-Claude Diels |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 675 |
| Release | : 2006-09-21 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0080466400 |
Ultrashort Laser Pulse Phenomena, Second Edition serves as an introduction to the phenomena of ultra short laser pulses and describes how this technology can be used to examine problems in areas such as electromagnetism, optics, and quantum mechanics. Ultrashort Laser Pulse Phenomena combines theoretical backgrounds and experimental techniques and will serve as a manual on designing and constructing femtosecond ("faster than electronics") systems or experiments from scratch. Beyond the simple optical system, the various sources of ultrashort pulses are presented, again with emphasis on the basic concepts and how they apply to the design of particular sources (dye lasers, solid state lasers, semiconductor lasers, fiber lasers, and sources based on frequency conversion). Provides an easy to follow guide through "faster than electronics" probing and detection methods THE manual on designing and constructing femtosecond systems and experiments Discusses essential technology for applications in micro-machining, femtochemistry, and medical imaging
