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Taxing Consumption in the Digital Age

Taxing Consumption in the Digital Age
Author: Katharina Artinger
Publisher: Nomos Verlag
Total Pages: 336
Release: 2020-10-16
Genre: Law
ISBN: 3748910452

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Die Digitalisierung hat enorme Auswirkungen auf die Grundidee der Mehrwertsteuer: den Austausch von Leistungen für Konsumzwecke. Die Dissertation konzentriert sich auf den Austausch von scheinbar "kostenlosen" Online-Dienstleistungen und die Zustimmung der Kunden zur Verwertung ihrer persönlichen Daten. Diese können der Mehrwertsteuer unterliegen, wobei die Bemessungsgrundlage auf Grundlage der Anbieterkosten berechnet werden muss. Die Ergebnisse basieren auf einer Analyse der EU-Mehrwertsteuer als Verbrauchsteuer im Vergleich zu anderen theoretischen Konsummodellen. Auch andere digitale Geschäftsmodelle, wie die Sharing Economy oder Bitcoins, können unter die Idee der EU-Mehrwertsteuer als Verbrauchsteuer subsumiert werden. Dissertationspreis der Nürnberger Steuergespräche e.V. 2020


Tax Theory Applied to the Digital Economy

Tax Theory Applied to the Digital Economy
Author: Cristian Óliver Lucas-Mas
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2021
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9781464816543

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This book analyzes the tax disruptive aspects of new digital business models to determine the need for new tax measures to address the tax challenges of the digitalization of the economy, and presents a proposal for the adoption of a Digital Data Tax (DDT) and a Global Internet Tax Agency (GITA).


Tax Theory Applied to the Digital Economy

Tax Theory Applied to the Digital Economy
Author: Cristian Óliver Lucas-Mas
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 217
Release: 2021-03-10
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1464816557

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Digital technology allows businesses to operate in a country without a physical presence, which poses challenges for traditional taxation. The digital debate focuses on direct taxation and the creation of new taxing rights arising from the tax claims of market jurisdictions on income obtained by foreign digital suppliers conducting business therein without any physical presence. Tax Theory Applied to the Digital Economy analyzes the tax-disruptive aspects of digital business models and reviews current tax initiatives in light of traditional tax theory principles. The analysis concludes that market countries’ tax claims are unsubstantiated and contravene the most basic foundations of tax theory, giving rise to a series of legal, economic, tax policy, and tax administration issues that policy makers cannot overlook. The authors propose establishing a digital data tax (DDT) that is a license-type consumption tax, rather than an income tax, on the international supply of Internet bandwidth to access digital markets. The DDT can be applied either globally or unilaterally, and could become a significant source of tax revenues for market jurisdictions. It is aligned with tax principles and it does not conflict with other tax initiatives: the DDT taxes foreign digital companies as consumers, while income tax proposals tax them as suppliers. The authors also propose creating a new global internet tax agency (GITA) under the auspices of the United Nations that would provide a neutral forum for political discussion and technical assistance in the area of digital taxation. The digital economy is a global phenomenon that requires a global solution: the creation of global taxing mechanisms and global institutions that provide technical assistance and support for successful global implementation. The book explains difficult technical concepts in plain language and contributes to the digital tax debate in a way that can be understood by anyone. Such understanding is essential to obtaining global support, achieving tax compliance, and fostering multilateral tax cooperation.


International VAT/GST Guidelines

International VAT/GST Guidelines
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 116
Release: 2017
Genre:
ISBN: 9789264295490

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Value Added Tax (VAT; also known as Goods and Services Tax, under the acronym GST in a number of OECD countries) has become a major source of revenue for governments around the world. Some 165 countries operated a VAT at the time of the completion of the International VAT/GST Guidelines in 2016, more than twice as many as 25 years before. As VAT continued to spread across the world, international trade in goods and services has also expanded rapidly in an increasingly globalised economy. One consequence of these developments has been the greater interaction between VAT systems, along with growing risks of double taxation and unintended non-taxation in the absence of international VAT co-ordination. The International VAT/GST Guidelines now present a set of internationally agreed standards and recommended approaches to address the issues that arise from the uncoordinated application of national VAT systems in the context of international trade. They focus in particular on trade in services and intangibles, which poses increasingly important challenges for the design and operation of VAT systems worldwide. They notably include the recommended principles and mechanisms to address the challenges for the collection of VAT on cross-border sales of digital products that had been identified in the context of the OECD/G20 Project on Base and Erosion and Profit Shifting (the BEPS Project). These Guidelines were adopted as a Recommendation by the Council of the OECD in September 2016.


Taxing Goods and Services in a Digital Era

Taxing Goods and Services in a Digital Era
Author: D.R. Agrawal
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2021
Genre:
ISBN:

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Taxing consumption in the digital economy poses unique challenges for fiscal authorities. Recent institutional reforms, such as states changing remittance rules for the sales and use tax following the Supreme Court decision in South Dakota v. Wayfair, were enacted to increase tax revenue collections and create a more neutral tax system. Although these reforms induced more remote vendors to remit taxes on a destination basis, the revenue gains were modest, consistent with most large online vendors remitting taxes prior to the reforms. Instead, following the recent large shock to online shopping from the COVID-19 pandemic, the shift to destination-based taxation has redistributed revenues between large and small local jurisdictions. Increased online shopping raises revenue growth in small jurisdictions while contracting revenues in large jurisdictions. But Wayfair is not the end of the story: technological changes that induce new consumption patterns promise new challenges for fiscal authorities. Critical challenges for the next decades include limiting administrative and compliance costs of enforcing taxes in a digital world, determining filing thresholds, dealing with online marketplaces and facilitators, and taxing the consumption of digital services from two-sided platforms. With respect to digital services, the authors discuss whether consumption taxes should be imposed on both monetized platforms and nonmonetized platforms, such as social media, and the mechanisms for doing so.


Taxing Global Digital Commerce

Taxing Global Digital Commerce
Author: Arthur Cockfield
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
Total Pages: 506
Release: 2019-11-07
Genre: Law
ISBN: 9041167110

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Digital commerce – the use of computer networks to facilitate transactions involving the production, distribution, sale, and delivery of goods and services – has grown from merely streamlining relations between consumer and business to a much more robust phenomenon embracing efficient business processes within a firm and between firms. Inevitably, the related taxation issues have grown as well. This latest edition of the preeminent text on the taxation of digital transactions revises, updates and expands the book’s coverage. It includes a detailed and up-to-date analysis of income tax and VAT developments regarding digital commerce under the OECD and G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) reforms. It explores the implications of digital commerce for US state sales and use tax regimes resulting from the 2018 US Supreme Court decision in Wayfair. It discusses cross-border tax in the United States while continuing to focus on tax developments throughout the world. Analysing the practical tax consequences of digital commerce from a multijurisdictional perspective, and using examples to illustrate the application of different taxes to digital commerce transactions, the book offers in-depth treatment of such topics as the following: how tax rules governing cross-border digital commerce are increasingly applied to all cross-border activities; how tax rules and institutional processes have evolved to confront challenges posed by digital commerce; how an emerging ‘tax war’ is developing whereby different countries are unilaterally imposing new tax rules on cross-border digital commerce; how technology enhances tax and cross-border tax information exchanges; how technology reduces both compliance and enforcement costs; cross-border consumption tax issues raised by cloud computing; and different approaches to the legal design of VAT place of taxation rules. The authors offer insightful views on the likely development of new approaches to taxing cross-border digital commerce. This edition, while building on the analysis of the relationship between traditional tax laws and the Internet in the first edition and its predecessors, contains a more explicit and systematic consideration of digital commerce issues and the ongoing policy responses to them. Tax professionals and academics everywhere will welcome the important contribution it makes towards the design of cross-border tax rules that are both conceptually sound and practical in application. ‘A tour de force … much larger and richer than its predecessors … a massive contribution to the growing literature on the taxation of e-commerce.’ – Rita de la Feria, British Tax Review ‘Provides important understandings for ongoing policy discussions … I would warmly recommend.’ – P. Rendahl, World Journal of VAT/GST Law


Digitalization and Taxation in Asia

Digitalization and Taxation in Asia
Author: Ms. Era Dabla-Norris
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 75
Release: 2021-09-14
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1513577425

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Digitalization in Asia is pervasive, unique, and growing. It stands out by its sheer scale, with internet users far exceeding numbers in other regions. This facilitates e-commerce in markets that are large by international standards, supported by innovative payment systems and featuring major corporate players, including a number of large, home-grown, highly digitalized businesses (tech giants) that rival US multinational enterprises (MNEs) in size. Opportunity for future growth exists, as a significant population share remains unconnected.