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Author | : |
Publisher | : DIANE Publishing |
Total Pages | : 50 |
Release | : 2008 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 1437927467 |
Download Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty: Background and Current Developments Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
A comprehensive nuclear-test-ban treaty (CTBT) is the oldest item on the nuclear arms control agenda. Three treaties currently bar all but underground tests with a maximum force equal to 150,000 tons of TNT. Since 1997, the United States has held 23 "subcritical experiments" at the Nevada Test Site to study how plutonium behaves under pressures generated by explosives. It asserts these experiments do not violate the CTBT because they cannot produce a self-sustaining chain reaction. Russia reportedly held some since 1998. The U.N. General Assembly adopted the CTBT in 1996. As of January 23, 2009, 180 states had signed it; 148, including Russia, had ratified. Of the 44 that must ratify the treaty for it to enter into force, 41 had signed and 35 had ratified. Five conferences have been held to facilitate entry into force, most recently in 2007. In 1997, President Clinton sent the CTBT to the Senate. In October 1999, the Senate rejected it, 48 for, 51 against, 1 present. It is on the Senate Foreign Relations Committee's calendar. It would require a two-thirds Senate vote to send the treaty back to the President for disposal or to give advice and consent for ratification. The Obama Administration plans to seek Senate approval of the CTBT, followed by a diplomatic effort to secure ratification by the remaining states that must ratify for the treaty to enter into force.
Author | : Jonathan E. Medalia |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 47 |
Release | : 2010 |
Genre | : Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty |
ISBN | : |
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This report discusses the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), which bans all nuclear explosion and was in 1996 adopted by the U.N. General Assembly but rejected by the U.S. Senate in 1997. This report discusses the Obama Administration's stated goal of pursuing U.S. ratification of the CTBT, although the Administration has mainly focused on securing Senate consent to ratification of the New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (New START). This report also discusses other nuclear weapons-related issues as well as the long history of nuclear testing.
Author | : Jonathan E. Medalia |
Publisher | : CreateSpace |
Total Pages | : 76 |
Release | : 2015-06-26 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9781508699149 |
Download Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
A ban on all nuclear tests is the oldest item on the nuclear arms control agenda. Three treaties that entered into force between 1963 and 1990 limit, but do not ban, such tests. In 1996, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), which would ban all nuclear explosions. In 1997, President Clinton sent the CTBT to the Senate, which rejected it in October 1999. In a speech in Prague in April 2009, President Obama said, "My administration will immediately and aggressively pursue U.S. ratification of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty."
Author | : Mary-beth Nikitin |
Publisher | : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform |
Total Pages | : 80 |
Release | : 2016-09-01 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9781540472892 |
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As of August 2016, 183 states had signed the CTBT and 164, including Russia, had ratified it. However, entry into force requires ratification by 44 states specified in the treaty, of which 41 had signed the treaty and 36 had ratified. India, North Korea, and Pakistan have not signed the treaty. The United States has not ratified it. Nine conferences have been held to facilitate entry into force, every other year, most recently on September 29, 2015. In years between these conferences, some foreign ministers meet to promote entry into force of the CTBT. A ministerial meeting was held on June 13, 2016, to commemorate the 20th anniversary of the signing of the CTBT. This Congressional Research Service Report RL33548 published in September 2016 discusses the negotiation and agreement of the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty CTBT; the contents of the treaty; the implications of ratification or non-ratification; and political forces in the United States which are blocking US ratification.
Author | : |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2010 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Download Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty: Background and Current Developments Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
A ban on all nuclear tests is the oldest item on the nuclear arms control agenda. Three treaties that entered into force between 1963 and 1990 limit but do not ban such tests. In 1996, the U.N. General Assembly adopted the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), which would ban all nuclear explosions. In 1997, President Clinton sent the CTBT to the Senate, which rejected it in October 1999. In a speech in Prague in April 2009, President Obama said, "My administration will immediately and aggressively pursue U.S. ratification of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty." However, the Administration has focused its efforts in 2010 on securing Senate advice and consent to ratification of the New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (New START). There have been no hearings on CTBT in the 111th Congress, and it appears unlikely to be brought up in the lame duck session. As of December 2010, 182 states had signed the CTBT and 153, including Russia, had ratified it. However, entry into force requires ratification by 44 states specified in the treaty, of which 41 had signed the treaty and 35 had ratified. Five conferences have been held to facilitate entry into force, most recently in 2009.
Author | : Mary Beth Dunham Nikitin |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 73 |
Release | : 2016 |
Genre | : Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty |
ISBN | : |
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Author | : National Research Council |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 150 |
Release | : 1997-08-01 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 0309174503 |
Download Research Required to Support Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Monitoring Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
On September 24, 1996, President Clinton signed the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty at the United Nations Headquarters. Over the next five months, 141 nations, including the four other nuclear weapon statesâ€"Russia, China, France, and the United Kingdomâ€"added their signatures to this total ban on nuclear explosions. To help achieve verification of compliance with its provisions, the treaty specifies an extensive International Monitoring System of seismic, hydroacoustic, infrasonic, and radionuclide sensors. This volume identifies specific research activities that will be needed if the United States is to effectively monitor compliance with the treaty provisions.
Author | : National Research Council |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 214 |
Release | : 2012-04-29 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 0309149983 |
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This report reviews and updates the 2002 National Research Council report, Technical Issues Related to the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT). This report also assesses various topics, including: the plans to maintain the safety and reliability of the U.S. nuclear stockpile without nuclear-explosion testing; the U.S. capability to detect, locate, and identify nuclear explosions; commitments necessary to sustain the stockpile and the U.S. and international monitoring systems; and potential technical advances countries could achieve through evasive testing and unconstrained testing. Sustaining these technical capabilities will require action by the National Nuclear Security Administration, with the support of others, on a strong scientific and engineering base maintained through a continuing dynamic of experiments linked with analysis, a vigorous surveillance program, adequate ratio of performance margins to uncertainties. This report also emphasizes the use of modernized production facilities and a competent and capable workforce with a broad base of nuclear security expertise.
Author | : National Academy of Sciences |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 102 |
Release | : 2002-08-01 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 030918293X |
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Drawing upon the considerable existing body of technical material related to the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, the National Academy of Sciences reviewed and assessed the key technical issues that arose during the Senate debate over treaty ratification. In particular, these include: (1) the capacity of the United States to maintain confidence in the safety and reliability of its nuclear stockpile in the absence of nuclear testing; (2) the nuclear-test detection capabilities of the international monitoring system (with and without augmentation by national systems and instrumentation in use for scientific purposes, and taking into account the possibilities for decoupling nuclear explosions from surrounding geologic media); and (3) the additions to their nuclear-weapons capabilities that other countries could achieve through nuclear testing at yield levels that might escape detection, and the effect of such additions on the security of the United States.
Author | : Keith A. Hansen |
Publisher | : Stanford University Press |
Total Pages | : 268 |
Release | : 2006 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 9780804753036 |
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A brief historical and analytical understanding of the difficulties encountered in negotiating and implementing the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, and their implications for efforts to halt the proliferation of nuclear weapons. Includes full text of the treaty and supplementary materials.