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Cognitive Screening Instruments

Cognitive Screening Instruments
Author: A. J. Larner
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 351
Release: 2016-11-30
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 3319447750
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This revised and updated second edition provides a practical and structured overview of some of the most commonly used and easily available cognitive screening instruments applicable in the outpatient clinic and bedside setting. It now includes additional chapters on AD8 and also methodological aspects of systematic cognitive screening instrument assessment from the Cochrane Dementia and Cognitive Improvement Group. Expert authors from around the world equip the reader with clear instructions on the usage of each screening instrument, its strengths and weaknesses, and the time required for administration. Rules on scoring are also provided, such as how to correct for variations in the patient’s age or education, and suggested cut-off scores. Cognitive Screening Instruments: A Practical Approach, Second Edition is aimed at both clinicians and professionals in disciplines allied to medicine who are called upon to assess patients with possible cognitive disorders, including neurologists, old age psychiatrists, neuropsychologists, primary care physicians, dementia support workers, and members of memory assessment teams.

Cognitive Screening Instruments

Cognitive Screening Instruments
Author: A. J. Larner
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 253
Release: 2012-07-27
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1447124529
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Cognitive Screening Instruments: A Practical Approach provides a practical and structured overview of some of the most commonly used and easily available cognitive screening instruments applicable in the outpatient clinic and bedside setting. Dementia and cognitive disorders are now recognised as an increasing public health problem, both in terms of patient numbers and cost, as populations age throughout the world. Despite this, many patients with dementia never receive a formal diagnosis, with implications for their appropriate care and management. Diagnostic tests which identify cases of dementia therefore have an important role. Expert authors from around the world equip the reader of Cognitive Screening Instruments: A Practical Approach with clear instructions on the usage of each screening instrument, its strengths and weaknesses, the time required for administration, and rules on scoring, such as how to correct for variations in the patient’s age or education, and suggested cut-off scores. Cognitive Screening Instruments: A Practical Approach is a handy, illustrated guide and a valuable diagnostic aid for practitioners working closely with patients with dementia and mild cognitive impairment. This volume will be of use both to clinicians and to professionals in disciplines allied to medicine who are called upon to assess patients with possible cognitive disorders, including neurologists, old age psychiatrists, neuropsychologists, primary care physicians, dementia support workers, and members of memory assessment teams.

Manual of Screeners for Dementia

Manual of Screeners for Dementia
Author: A. J. Larner
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 175
Release: 2020-04-01
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 3030416364
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This book draws on the author’s experience in conducting pragmatic test accuracy studies on screening instruments for dementia/mild cognitive impairment. To facilitate comprehension and assimilation, all data is presented in an easily accessible, succinct and user-friendly way by means of a structured tabular format that allows tests to be easily compared. The pragmatic design of studies ensures high external validity and generalizability for the test results. The book includes a wealth of data on previously presented studies, as well as hitherto unreported test measures (“Number needed” metrics). It presents recently described and new diagnostic metrics (Likelihood to be diagnosed or misdiagnosed; Summary utility index; Number needed for screening utility); data from new studies on screeners (Attended with sign; Free-Cog; Two question depression screener; Jenkins Sleep Questionnaire; Triple test); and previously unpublished data (combination of SMC Likert and MACE; IADL Scale and MMSE). Given its scope, the book will be of interest to all professionals, beginners and seasoned experts alike, whose work involves the assessment of individuals with cognitive (memory) complaints.

Assessment of Feigned Cognitive Impairment, Second Edition

Assessment of Feigned Cognitive Impairment, Second Edition
Author: Kyle Brauer Boone
Publisher: Guilford Publications
Total Pages: 730
Release: 2021-06-04
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 1462545556
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The go-to resource for clinical and forensic practice has now been significantly revised with 85% new material, reflecting the tremendous growth of the field. Leading authorities synthesize the state of the science on symptom feigning in cognitive testing and present evidence-based recommendations for distinguishing between credible and noncredible performance. A wide range of performance validity tests (PVTs) and symptom validity tests (SVTs) are critically reviewed and guidelines provided for applying them across differing cognitive domains and medical, neurological, and psychiatric conditions. The book also covers validity testing in forensic settings and with particular populations, such as ethnic and linguistic minority group members. New to This Edition *Numerous new authors, a greatly expanded range of topics, and the latest data throughout. *"Clinical primer" chapter on how to select and interpret appropriate PVTs. *Chapters on methods for validity testing in visual–spatial, processing speed, and language domains and with cognitive screening instruments and personality inventories. *Chapter on methods for interpreting multiple PVTs in combination. *Chapters on additional populations (military personnel, children and adolescents) and clinical problems (dementia, somatoform/conversion disorder). *Chapters on research methods for validating PVTs, base rates of feigned mild traumatic brain injury, and more.

The Mental Status Examination Handbook

The Mental Status Examination Handbook
Author: Mario F. Mendez
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
Total Pages: 290
Release: 2021-03-05
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 032369490X
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The ability to effectively assess cognitive and other behavioral functions is an essential skill for neurologists, psychiatrists, geriatricians, nurses, and other clinicians who perform clinic and bedside examinations. Unique in the field, The Mental Status Examination Handbook is a user-friendly, comprehensive resource that provides practical guidance on cognitive assessment, clarifies mental status testing procedures, and assists with decision making for neuropsychological referrals. This detailed manual draws from the full history of behavioral neurology testing, making the complex and challenging area of cognitive assessment accessible for both students and practitioners. Offers guidance on how to choose and perform a large number of mental status tests, with information on selected test materials and normative values. Covers the bedside evaluation of arousal, attention, memory, language, perception, executive abilities, and other cognitive and behavioral areas. Provides an authoritative assessment and compendium of commonly used mental status scales, inventories and questionnaires. Describes relevant correlations with formal neuropsychological testing, neuroimaging, and neuropsychiatric disease. Explains how to weigh, use, and understand mental status scales and neuropsychological instruments. Discusses the meaning of cognitive symptoms and signs, and their neuroanatomical and neuropathological correlations.

Rating Scales in Parkinson's Disease

Rating Scales in Parkinson's Disease
Author: Cristina Sampaio
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 328
Release: 2012-05-01
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0199783152
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For many years, the need to develop valid tools to evaluate signs and symptoms of Parkinson Disease (PD) has been present. However the understanding of all intricacies of rating scales development was not widely available and the first attempts were relatively crude. In 2002, the Movement Disorders Society created a task force to systemize the measurement of Parkinson's Disease. Since then, the Task Force has produced and published several critiques to the available rating scales addressing both motor and non-motor domains of Parkinson Disease. Additionally the task force initiated a project to develop a new version of the UPDRS, the MDS-UPDRS. But none of this was made available in one convenient source. Until now. Rating Scales in Parkinson's Disease: Clinical Practice and Research is written for researchers from the medical and social sciences, and for health professionals wishing to evaluate the progress of their patients suffering from Parkinson's Disease. The book is both exhaustive in the description of the scales and informative on the advantages and limitations of each scale. As such, the text clearly guides readers on how to choose and use the instruments available. Extensive cross-referenced tables and charts closely integrate the parts of the book to facilitate readers in moving from one symptom domain to another.

Diagnosis of Dementia and Cognitive Impairment

Diagnosis of Dementia and Cognitive Impairment
Author: Andrew J. Larner
Publisher: MDPI
Total Pages: 140
Release: 2019-12-10
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 3039218840
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In this special issue of Diagnostics, expert contributors have produced up-to-date research studies and reviews on various topics related to the diagnosis of dementia and cognitive impairment. The methods of the assessments discussed extend from simple neurological signs, which may be elicited in the clinical encounter, through cognitive screening instruments, to sophisticated analyses of neuroimaging and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of disease. It is hoped that these various methods may facilitate earlier diagnosis of dementia and its subtypes, and provide differential diagnosis of depression and functional cognitive disorders, as a prelude to meaningful interventions.

Psychological Testing in the Service of Disability Determination

Psychological Testing in the Service of Disability Determination
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 233
Release: 2015-06-29
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0309370930
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The United States Social Security Administration (SSA) administers two disability programs: Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI), for disabled individuals, and their dependent family members, who have worked and contributed to the Social Security trust funds, and Supplemental Security Income (SSSI), which is a means-tested program based on income and financial assets for adults aged 65 years or older and disabled adults and children. Both programs require that claimants have a disability and meet specific medical criteria in order to qualify for benefits. SSA establishes the presence of a medically-determined impairment in individuals with mental disorders other than intellectual disability through the use of standard diagnostic criteria, which include symptoms and signs. These impairments are established largely on reports of signs and symptoms of impairment and functional limitation. Psychological Testing in the Service of Disability Determination considers the use of psychological tests in evaluating disability claims submitted to the SSA. This report critically reviews selected psychological tests, including symptom validity tests, that could contribute to SSA disability determinations. The report discusses the possible uses of such tests and their contribution to disability determinations. Psychological Testing in the Service of Disability Determination discusses testing norms, qualifications for administration of tests, administration of tests, and reporting results. The recommendations of this report will help SSA improve the consistency and accuracy of disability determination in certain cases.

The Colorado Cognitive Assessment (COCA)

The Colorado Cognitive Assessment (COCA)
Author: Ashita Shyam Gurnani
Publisher:
Total Pages: 169
Release: 2018
Genre: Confirmatory factor analysis
ISBN:
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Early and accurate diagnosis of dementia is imperative for patients’ overall wellbeing and improved quality of life. Current cognitive screening tools lack sufficient diagnostic accuracy to consistently diagnose mild and uncommon presentations of dementia. Additionally, most current screening instruments are not designed to assist with differential diagnosis and consist of tasks that are influenced by sociodemographic factors. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to develop and preliminarily validate a cognitive screening instrument that can facilitate early and accurate diagnosis of mild and atypical presentations of dementia. The Colorado Cognitive Assessment (CoCA) differs from other cognitive screens in that it assesses a broad range of cognitive domains; consists of tasks that were designed to be minimally influenced by education, sex, and culture; contains tasks that maximize attainment of qualitative features of performance to guide differential diagnosis; and is validated using modern psychometrics. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) model of the CoCA revealed excellent fit in a sample of 151 community dwelling older adults. Measurement equivalence analyses revealed that the items on the CoCA were invariant to sex, age, education, and mood. In comparison, a CFA model of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) had worse fit and was biased by age, education, and depressive symptomatology. The CoCA demonstrated adequate convergent validity with the MoCA and NAB Judgment subtest, and divergent validity with the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS-15) and Geriatric Anxiety Scale-10 (GAS-10). Results provide preliminary evidence for the CoCA as a reliable and comprehensive cognitive screen. Future research is needed to validate the CoCA cross-sectionally and longitudinally in diverse non-clinical and clinical samples.

Diet and Nutrition in Dementia and Cognitive Decline

Diet and Nutrition in Dementia and Cognitive Decline
Author: Colin R Martin
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 1246
Release: 2014-12-30
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0124079393
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Diet and Nutrition in Dementia and Cognitive Decline offers researchers and clinicians a single authoritative source which outlines the complex interrelationships between cognitive decline, dementia and the way diet can be modified to improve outcomes. In a cross-disciplinary field like dementia research and practice, clinicians and researchers need a comprehensive resource which will quickly help them identify a range of nutritional components and how they affect cognitive decline and the development of dementia. While the focus is on clinical applications, the book also features landmark and innovative preclinical studies that have served as the foundation of rigorous trials. Chapters explore the evidence of how nutritional components, either in the diet or supplements, can either impede the development to, or progression from, the onset of dementia. Authors investigate how conditions and processes overlap between defined conditions and present studies which show that dietary components may be equally effective in a number of conditions characterized by declining cognition or dementia. This book represents essential reading for researchers and practicing clinicians in nutrition, dietetics, geriatrics, nursing, neurology, and psychology, as well as researchers, such as neuroscientists, molecular and cellular biochemists, interested in dementia. http://www.acnr.co.uk/2015/07/diet-and-nutrition-in-dementia-and-cognitive-decline/ Explores the complex interrelationships between cognitive decline, dementia and the way diet can be modified to improve outcomes Focuses on both clinical nutrition applications and the innovative preclinical studies that serve as the foundation for rigorous trials Covers specific conditions and mechanisms in dementias, as well as general aspects, risk factors, lifestyle and guidelines for practitioners Organizes chapter content in terms of the molecular, mechanistic, epidemiologic, and practical, so that correlations can be observed across conditions