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Coalition Command and Control

Coalition Command and Control
Author: Martha E. Maurer
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2002-06
Genre:
ISBN: 9781410200105

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The future security environment will be more complex as more regional powers emerge, each with its own expectation of independent decisionmaking. U. S. strategy, as presented in the National Military Strategy (1992) and other statements, addresses a continuing requirement to be ready for unilateral action. It also outlines the expectation that the United States will continue to lead in efforts supporting global peace and security using forward presence, crisis response, and multinational operations. After the Gulf War, some political-military analysts and national leaders saw ad hoc coalitions as the wave of the future. Others, seeing the difficulties of planning for an ad hoc operation, disagreed and instead supported a decrease in U. S. security involvement with other nations. World events subsequently showed the necessity of being prepared to work with allies not part of established regional security arrangements. Although not a first choice, the possibility of ad hoc coalition operations is now recognized as an option. This paper, originally published in 1994 by The Center for Advanced Concepts and Technology of the National Defense University, examines the many factors that influence command and control of coalition operations. The factors considered include the nature of a coalition itself, generally transitory. Previous coalition operations were created out of necessity. Such coalitions generally ended as soon as their immediate purpose was completed, although some evolved to become more structured or permanent alliances.


Coalition Command and Control

Coalition Command and Control
Author: Joseph A. Moore
Publisher:
Total Pages: 61
Release: 1993
Genre: Command and control systems
ISBN:

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This monograph examines the command and control structure available to coalition land commanders. The intent of the monograph is to identify essential considerations that should be met to choose a particular command structure. For example, why was a parallel command structure used in DESERT STORM and what factors were key to that decision. The expectation is that there are lessons to be derived from our coalition experiences that may be useful in future coalitions. FM 100-8 Combined Army Operations (Draft) identifies three fundamental structures: integrated, parallel, and lead nation. Historically, the US Army has experienced each structure. This monograph will examine the US- British integrated command during World War II; the US-led lead nation structure in the Korean War, 1950-1952, and during Operation PROVIDE COMFORT in 1991; and the parallel structure used during Operations DESERT SHIELD/DESERT STORM in 1990 and 1991.


Coalition Command and Control

Coalition Command and Control
Author: David S. Alberts
Publisher:
Total Pages: 4
Release: 1994
Genre: Military assistance, American
ISBN:

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Peace operations differ in significant ways from traditional combat missions. As a result of these unique characteristics, command arrangements become far more complex. The stress on command and control arrangements and systems is further exacerbated by the mission's increased political sensitivity. Current JTF headquarters need to be augmented in a number of different ways to make them more effective in a coalition peace operations environment.


Command and Control in Coalition Warfare

Command and Control in Coalition Warfare
Author: Anthony J. Rice
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 1996
Genre: Combined operations (Military science)
ISBN:

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"The rapid changes in the world since the end of the Cold War have re-awakened interest in coalition warfare. Indeed, both the National Security Strategy and the National Military Strategy see coalition warfare as the norm for the Armed Forces of the USA. The most contentious area in coalition warfare is the command and control arrangements. In particular, what authority will the coalition commander have, and the converse, what day to day control will national authorities have over the employment of their forces. The paper examines historical examples with particular emphasis on the two world wars. It notes that in WW1 that Unity of Effort proved insufficient under the pressures of March 1918 and examines the development of Unity of Command and integrated staffs in WW2. It then compares these lessons with current joint doctrine and notes that the emphasis today is on Unity of Effort and parallel command rather than Unity of Command. It concludes by questioning whether we have surrendered too easily the principle of Unity of Command."--Abstract


Command and Control in Coalition Warfare

Command and Control in Coalition Warfare
Author: Anthony J. Rice
Publisher:
Total Pages: 26
Release: 1996
Genre: Combined operations (Military science)
ISBN:

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U.S. and Coalition Command and Control Interoperability for the Future

U.S. and Coalition Command and Control Interoperability for the Future
Author: William R. Pope
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2001
Genre: Combined operations (Military science)
ISBN:

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The U.S. Army is on a course to transform its forces with capabilities that are generations beyond those in existence today. These same forces are also more likely than ever before to serve in nearly all forms of future operations with forces from other nations. Will the Army's transformation enhance its ability to interoperate with allied and coalition partners or will it broaden a gap that already exists? Interoperability among our U.S. Services is a challenge, but is becoming less of an obstacle as the Joint community strengthens our resolve to comply with joint interoperability standards. Interoperability with coalition partners is improving in some regards and is becoming more difficult in others. The bi-polar nature of this situation has the potential to expand if steps are not taken to codify our intentions with coalition partners and work toward solutions that enable mutually supportive relationships. The Army faces the challenge to develop future systems capable of supporting the exchange of Command and Control (C2) information needed to support our operations and those of our allies. Sufficient knowledge exists in the Command, Control, Communications, Computers, and Intelligence (C4l) community to recognize the importance of coalition interoperability, but little detail exists to determine the actual information or knowledge transfer that needs. This paper will explore the needs of U.S. and coalition partners in the exchange of C2 information.


Command and Control Challenges During Coalition Operations

Command and Control Challenges During Coalition Operations
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 35
Release: 1995
Genre:
ISBN:

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The multinational and ad hoc nature of coalition operations presents unique command and control challenges. As the leaders of many current and future coalitions, U.S. military commanders must develop an acute awareness and possess an in-depth understanding of the unique command and control challenges they will face during coalition operations. The purpose and intent of this paper is to contribute to this awareness and understanding through an analysis of these challenges. Historic and recent coalition operations are cited to amplify the relevance to each challenge. Possible solutions are provided to assist commanders during future coalition operations. The unique command and control challenges confronting U.S military commanders during coalition operations can be categorized under four main headings: National Goals and Objectives, Culture and Language, Integration and Doctrine, and Technology and Information. Although recent joint U.S. military publications provide sources of basic guidance, they fail to present adequate analysis to enhance awareness and understanding of these unique command and control challenges. There are no 'text book' solutions which can be applied to meet all the unique command and control challenges. Commanders must depend on their awareness and understanding.


Command and Control in Operations Other Than War

Command and Control in Operations Other Than War
Author: Ty Alan Schieber
Publisher:
Total Pages: 192
Release: 1994
Genre:
ISBN:

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The author presents a new framework for approaching command and control in operations other than war (OOTW). Currently, no common doctrine exists between potential coalition partners to guide the command and control process in this particular environment. As a consequence, coalitions are formed ad-hoc, which has potential consequences for the adequacy of the resulting command and control process and system, and commensurately, for the speed and impact a coalition may have in a target environment. The author examines current U.S. perceptions concerning command and control, intelligence, and communications, and the conceptual adjustments required for U.S. forces involved in the irregular environment. Challenges and lessons learned from recent OOTW are then discussed in order to identifiy, to the degree possible, specific impediments to optimum coalition command and control. Conclusions stress that a common and standardized approach is required to blend the political agendas, capabilities, and limitations of a diverse coalition into an efficient and effective entity. To accomplish this, the approach must include a methodical and iterative process which logically, chronologically, and holistically frames and links the problem at hand, the resources arrayed to address the problem, and the functions that compromise the problem solving process, in a manner appropriate to existing conditions at any particular time. The COordination, COoperation, and COnsensus (CO3) Loop presented in this thesis makes an initial effort at providing the common approach required.