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| Author | : Stephen C. Clark |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2001 |
| Genre | : Artificial intelligence |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Stephen Clark |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2001 |
| Genre | : Artificial intelligence |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Rudi Studer |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 413 |
| Release | : 2003-06-29 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 3540487751 |
Past, Present, and Future of Knowledge Acquisition This book contains the proceedings of the 11th European Workshop on Kno- edge Acquisition, Modeling, and Management (EKAW ’99), held at Dagstuhl Castle (Germany) in May of 1999. This continuity and the high number of s- missions re?ect the mature status of the knowledge acquisition community. Knowledge Acquisition started as an attempt to solve the main bottleneck in developing expert systems (now called knowledge-based systems): Acquiring knowledgefromahumanexpert. Variousmethodsandtoolshavebeendeveloped to improve this process. These approaches signi?cantly reduced the cost of - veloping knowledge-based systems. However, these systems often only partially ful?lled the taskthey weredevelopedfor andmaintenanceremainedanunsolved problem. This required a paradigm shift that views the development process of knowledge-based systems as a modeling activity. Instead of simply transf- ring human knowledge into machine-readable code, building a knowledge-based system is now viewed as a modeling activity. A so-called knowledge model is constructed in interaction with users and experts. This model need not nec- sarily re?ect the already available human expertise. Instead it should provide a knowledgelevelcharacterizationof the knowledgethat is requiredby the system to solve the application task. Economy and quality in system development and maintainability are achieved by reusable problem-solving methods and onto- gies. The former describe the reasoning process of the knowledge-based system (i. e. , the algorithms it uses) and the latter describe the knowledge structures it uses (i. e. , the data structures). Both abstract from speci?c application and domain speci?c circumstances to enable knowledge reuse.
| Author | : Dieter Fensel |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 413 |
| Release | : 1999-05-19 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 3540660445 |
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th European Workshop on Knowledge Acquisition, Modeling and Management, EKAW '99, held at Dagstuhl Castle, Germany in May 1999. The volume presents 16 revised full papers and 15 revised short papers were carefully reviewed and selected form a high number of submissions. Also included are two invited papers. The papers address issues of knowledge acquisition (i.e., the process of extracting, creating, structuring knowledge, etc.), of knowledge-level modeling for knowledge-based systems, and of applying and redefining this work in a knowledge management and knowledge engineering context.
| Author | : Robert Dale |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 974 |
| Release | : 2000-07-25 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 9780824790004 |
This study explores the design and application of natural language text-based processing systems, based on generative linguistics, empirical copus analysis, and artificial neural networks. It emphasizes the practical tools to accommodate the selected system.
| Author | : Uri Zernik |
| Publisher | : Psychology Press |
| Total Pages | : 444 |
| Release | : 1991 |
| Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
| ISBN | : 9780805811278 |
The expert contributors to this book explore the range of possibilities for the generation of extensive lexicons. In so doing, they investigate the use of existing on-line dictionaries and thesauri, and explain how lexicons can be acquired from the corpus -- the text under investigation -- itself.
| Author | : Wang, Yingxu |
| Publisher | : IGI Global |
| Total Pages | : 382 |
| Release | : 2012-06-30 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 1466617446 |
"This book covers the intricate worlds of thought, comprehension, intelligence, and knowledge through the scientific field of Cognitive Science, covering topics that have been pivotal at major conferences covering Cognitive Science"--Provided by publisher.
| Author | : Afsaneh Fazly |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 270 |
| Release | : 2007 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9780494279083 |
A multiword predicate is the combination of a predicate (often a verb) with one or more of its arguments, that together form a single unit of predicative meaning. We focus on a broad class of multiword predicates, in which a verb combines with a noun in the direct object position (e.g., give a groan and shoot the breeze). The semantic interpretation of such multiword predicates involves a certain degree of idiosyncrasy; moreover, they are crosslinguistically frequent and appear in all text genres. Hence, they pose a great challenge to the current models of natural language processing. Most existing computational models treat multiword predicates as syntactically-dependent word sequences or collocations. Such a treatment ignores other important characteristics of these constructions, reflected in their distinct lexical and syntactic behaviour. Nonetheless, cues from the lexicosyntactic properties of multiword predicates have often been used in linguistic and psycholinguistic studies to explain their peculiar semantic behaviour. On the one hand, simple statistical approaches that only draw on the frequency of multiword predicates fail to account for much of the syntactic and semantic behaviour of these constructions. On the other hand, linguistic theories provide generalizations about the behaviour of multiword predicates that can be augmented with probabilistic knowledge about language in use. The main goal of the present study is to propose ways of combining the predictive power of linguistic theories with the coverage and robustness of statistical techniques to acquire linguistically-plausible and reliable corpus-drawn knowledge about multiword predicates.
| Author | : Bran Boguraev |
| Publisher | : Bradford Book |
| Total Pages | : 280 |
| Release | : 1996 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : |
The lexicon has emerged from the study of computational linguistics as a fundamental resource that enables a variety of linguistic processes to operate in the course of tasks ranging from language analysis and text processing to machine translation. Lexicon acquisition, therefore, plays an essential part in getting any natural language processing system to function in the real world. Computers that process natural language require a variety of lexical information in addition to what can be found in standard dictionaries. Moreover, machine-readable dictionaries of the conventional sort have been found to be inadequate for fully supporting realistic natural language processing tasks. This volume describes corpus processing techniques that can be used to extract the additional lexical information required. Bringing together a balanced blend of the theoretical and practical, the contributions provide the most recent look at lexical acquisition techniques and practices. These include coping with unknown lexicalizations, task-driven lexical induction, categorization of lexical units, lexical semantics from corpus analysis, and measuring lexical acquisition. The problems addressed reflect a host of topics including recognition of open compounds, incremental acquisition of meanings from sentence usages, recognition of new senses of existing words, sense disambiguation, recognition of specific classes of works, and recognition and annotation of patterns of word use, each of them important to the overall language analysis process, and each employing text analysis techniques in a useful and theoretically motivated way. Language, Speech, and Communication series
| Author | : Alexander Gelbukh |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 169 |
| Release | : 2018-02-28 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 3319740547 |
This book describes effective methods for automatically analyzing a sentence, based on the syntactic and semantic characteristics of the elements that form it. To tackle ambiguities, the authors use selectional preferences (SP), which measure how well two words fit together semantically in a sentence. Today, many disciplines require automatic text analysis based on the syntactic and semantic characteristics of language and as such several techniques for parsing sentences have been proposed. Which is better? In this book the authors begin with simple heuristics before moving on to more complex methods that identify nouns and verbs and then aggregate modifiers, and lastly discuss methods that can handle complex subordinate and relative clauses. During this process, several ambiguities arise. SP are commonly determined on the basis of the association between a pair of words. However, in many cases, SP depend on more words. For example, something (such as grass) may be edible, depending on who is eating it (a cow?). Moreover, things such as popcorn are usually eaten at the movies, and not in a restaurant. The authors deal with these phenomena from different points of view.
