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| Author | : Bin Gu |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 201 |
| Release | : |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 981971219X |
| Author | : Bin Gu |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 29 |
| Release | : 2017 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB, or the Bank) marks the first endeavor of Asian developing countries as initiators, with China at the center, in multilateral development financing. The glamour of the AIIB lies in multilateralism -- the underlying principle based on which it is institutionalized. Chinese multilateralism for the AIIB is different from American multilateralism, which is embedded in the Bretton Woods institutions and has enabled the US as a hegemon to strengthen its leadership in the world economy. China is not a hegemon; and most importantly, it has no will to counter the existing world order through the establishment of the AIIB. Rather, the Bank has positioned itself in a complementary role in international development financing. Meanwhile, Chinese multilateralism aims to improve global governance, tilting towards balance in favor of those underrepresented. The AIIB meets both the needs of China's domestic reforms, and the world's expectation of a responsible stakeholder and contributor. It fulfills multilateralism in both its constitutional charter and standards.
| Author | : Adina Matisoff |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 202 |
| Release | : 2022 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
In January 2016, the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) was established in order to 'fill the gap' in financing for infrastructure in Asia, but its significance is more than the roads, power plants and fiber optic lines in which it invests: Financially and politically backed by the Chinese Party-State and a membership of more than 100 governments and counting, the AIIB is unprecedented as an institution of global governance. Yet tensions between the US-led international economic order and China's vision for a system of global economic governance that respects the territorial sovereignty of its members make the trajectory of the new institution unclear. In this moment of historic uncertainty, I focus on the AIIB's environmental and social policies as a site of struggle between these competing forces. On one hand, transnational advocacy networks draw authority from forces of US hegemony to advocate for strong bank control over environmental and social standards. On the other hand, the bank's founders have promised its members from developing countries that a China-led MDB will free them of bank interference in the domestic affairs of borrower countries. Drawing on five years of fieldwork starting while the AIIB was still an idea on the negotiator's table until the adoption and implementation of its environmental and social framework and related policies, I argue that the AIIB represents the desire of the Chinese state to disentangle the international economic order from US hegemony. However, the bank's choice to adhere to global financial norms, including raising money on international bond markets in US dollar-denominated notes, leaves few options for offering its borrowers a substantive alternative to major MDBs. In this context, environmental and social governance of projects has emerged as a site to introduce 'non-interference' into bank norms, but, I argue, this is also an attempt by the bank to dismantle transnational advocacy networks. As such, the choice to re-territorialize borrower sovereignty is also one that isolates place-based struggles against national development projects and thus perpetuates the inequities and harms of neoliberal development against marginalized peoples and environments.
| Author | : Kai He |
| Publisher | : Taylor & Francis US |
| Total Pages | : 224 |
| Release | : 2009 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 041546952X |
This book examines the strategic interactions among China, the United States, Japan, and Southeast Asian States in the context of China’s rise and globalization after the cold war. Engaging the mainstream theoretical debates in international relations, the author introduces a new theoretical framework—institutional realism—to explain the institutionalization of world politics in the Asia-Pacific after the cold war. Institutional realism suggests that deepening economic interdependence creates a condition under which states are more likely to conduct a new balancing strategy—institutional balancing, i.e., countering pressures or threats through initiating, utilizing, and dominating multilateral institutions—to pursue security under anarchy. To test the validity of institutional realism, Kai He examines the foreign policies of the U.S., Japan, the ASEAN states, and China toward four major multilateral institutions, Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Regional Forum (ARF), ASEAN Plus Three (APT), and East Asian Summit (EAS). Challenging the popular pessimistic view regarding China’s rise, the book concludes that economic interdependence and structural constraints may well soften the "dragon’s teeth." China’s rise does not mean a dark future for the region. Institutional Balancing in the Asia Pacificwill be of great interest to policy makers and scholars of Asian security, international relations, Chinese foreign policy, and U.S. foreign policy.
| Author | : Natalie G. Lichtenstein |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 289 |
| Release | : 2018 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 0198821964 |
The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, first opened in 2016, is a 100 billion dollar multilateral development bank purpose-built to support infrastructure projects that enhance regional economic productivity. Its arms reach far: in its first two years, AIIB has financed transport systems such as national motorways in Pakistan, railways in Oman, and rural roads in India; energy projects including natural gas pipelines in Azerbaijan and hydropower plants in Tajikistan; and the redevelopment of impoverished areas in Indonesia. Initiated by China, its membership is global, with regional powers from Korea to Saudi Arabia, and key players from Europe, Africa, and Latin America. In a text that will appeal to general readers and legal specialists alike, Natalie Lichtenstein examines the Bank's mandate, investment operations, finance, governance, and institutional set up, as well as providing detailed analyses of the similarities and differences it has with other development banks - charting AIIB's story so far and anticipating its future.
| Author | : Masahiro Kawai |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 60 |
| Release | : 2015-07-31 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9780996656702 |
Views from China, Japan and the United States on the creation of AIIB and its impact on existing multilateral institutions as well as its implications for China's global role.
| Author | : Gu Bin |
| Publisher | : Kluwer Law International B.V. |
| Total Pages | : 244 |
| Release | : 2018-11-27 |
| Genre | : Law |
| ISBN | : 9403506326 |
The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), which began operations in 2016 and now has an approved membership of eighty-four worldwide, has quickly become perhaps one of the world’s most promising agents of global economic development. With its firm commitments to the twenty-first century imperatives of cost-effectiveness, zero tolerance for corruption and active promotion of environmental sustainability, its clearly stated aims and requirements echo the goal of reform that other multilateral institutions are undertaking. This book is among the first to offer an incisive introduction to the AIIB’s law and governance, which are now essentially in place. From a perspective of Chinese multilateralism, which parts ways from the dominant twentieth-century Bretton Woods arrangements, the author provides in great depth the details of such elements of the Bank’s Articles of Agreement as the following: – non-resident board system; – procurement; – role of trust funds; – state-owned enterprises as private entities; – immunity; – dispute settlement; – accountability for involuntary resettlement and human rights violations; and – policy on prohibited practices. Throughout, the author provides deeply informed comparisons with such existing multilateral development banks as the World Bank, the African Development Bank, the Asian Development Bank, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the Inter-American Development Bank, as well as with the World Trade Organization. He shows how the AIIB not only emulates but also innovates while continuing to collaborate closely with these institutions. He suggests what should be done to optimize governance, standards and operations of the AIIB together with these peer institutions in a mutually emulating manner. Lawyers and policymakers involved in international economic law and related fields will welcome this nuanced and in-depth description and analysis of the AIIB. Its concomitant analysis of political economy and global governance issues will be of interest to bankers, businesses, government officials and others looking for an overall understanding of multilateral development banking and China’s approach toward global governance in particular.
| Author | : Nele Noesselt |
| Publisher | : Rowman & Littlefield |
| Total Pages | : 227 |
| Release | : 2018-10-15 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 1498580254 |
This edited volume assesses governance innovation and institutional change under the fifth generation of China’s political leaders headed by Xi Jinping. The configuration of long-term policy innovation without regime change requires skilled political actors who secure strategic majorities and set up coalitions to design and launch new policies. Recalibrations or reconfigurations of the governance model respond to domestic reform pressures or external shocks in order to secure regime survival. Given that most structural constraints and reform pressures do not arise out of a sudden, the thrilling question is why the political elites sometimes decide not to engage in institutional reforms despite of widespread societal support for major restructuring and why they suddenly launch institutional changes in times of relative stability. The authors address these issues by focusing on basic patterns and paradigms of governance and institutional change in China, the actors and drivers of governance innovation, as well as the impact of norms, values, and socio-cognitive orientations. This is added by some reflections on the interplay between abstract ideas, reform debates, and the making of concrete decisions as outlined by the Third Plenum on (socio-)economic reforms in 2013 and the Fourth Plenum on rule-based governance (fazhi) in 2014.
| Author | : Ian Tsung-Yen Chen |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 212 |
| Release | : 2020-12-29 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 0429789513 |
Studying the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) through the lens of international relations (IR) theory, Chen argues that it is inappropriate to treat the AIIB as either a revisionist or a complementary institution. Instead, the bank is still evolving and the interaction of power, interests, and status that will determine whether the bank will go wild. Theoretically, the current shape of the AIIB will influence global strategic conditions and global perceptions of the bank itself, consequently affecting China’s level of dissatisfaction with its power and status in the international financial system and maneuvering in the AIIB. To empirically show that, this book presents the evolution of the AIIB, compares the bank with its main competitors in the Asia-Pacific region, and conducts ten comparative case studies to show how countries around the world have positioned themselves in response to the emergence of the AIIB. This book presents critical insights for scholars and foreign-policy practitioners to understand China’s surging influence in international organizations and how China can shape the world order. It should prove of interest to students and scholars of IR, strategic studies, China Studies, Asian Studies, developmental studies, economics, and global finance.
| Author | : Ian Tsung-Yen Chen |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 216 |
| Release | : 2020-12-30 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 0429789505 |
Studying the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) through the lens of international relations (IR) theory, Chen argues that it is inappropriate to treat the AIIB as either a revisionist or a complementary institution. Instead, the bank is still evolving and the interaction of power, interests, and status that will determine whether the bank will go wild. Theoretically, the current shape of the AIIB will influence global strategic conditions and global perceptions of the bank itself, consequently affecting China’s level of dissatisfaction with its power and status in the international financial system and maneuvering in the AIIB. To empirically show that, this book presents the evolution of the AIIB, compares the bank with its main competitors in the Asia-Pacific region, and conducts ten comparative case studies to show how countries around the world have positioned themselves in response to the emergence of the AIIB. This book presents critical insights for scholars and foreign-policy practitioners to understand China’s surging influence in international organizations and how China can shape the world order. It should prove of interest to students and scholars of IR, strategic studies, China Studies, Asian Studies, developmental studies, economics, and global finance.
