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| Author | : Bin Gu |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 201 |
| Release | : |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 981971219X |
| Author | : Bin Gu |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 29 |
| Release | : 2017 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB, or the Bank) marks the first endeavor of Asian developing countries as initiators, with China at the center, in multilateral development financing. The glamour of the AIIB lies in multilateralism -- the underlying principle based on which it is institutionalized. Chinese multilateralism for the AIIB is different from American multilateralism, which is embedded in the Bretton Woods institutions and has enabled the US as a hegemon to strengthen its leadership in the world economy. China is not a hegemon; and most importantly, it has no will to counter the existing world order through the establishment of the AIIB. Rather, the Bank has positioned itself in a complementary role in international development financing. Meanwhile, Chinese multilateralism aims to improve global governance, tilting towards balance in favor of those underrepresented. The AIIB meets both the needs of China's domestic reforms, and the world's expectation of a responsible stakeholder and contributor. It fulfills multilateralism in both its constitutional charter and standards.
| Author | : Adina Matisoff |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 202 |
| Release | : 2022 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
In January 2016, the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) was established in order to 'fill the gap' in financing for infrastructure in Asia, but its significance is more than the roads, power plants and fiber optic lines in which it invests: Financially and politically backed by the Chinese Party-State and a membership of more than 100 governments and counting, the AIIB is unprecedented as an institution of global governance. Yet tensions between the US-led international economic order and China's vision for a system of global economic governance that respects the territorial sovereignty of its members make the trajectory of the new institution unclear. In this moment of historic uncertainty, I focus on the AIIB's environmental and social policies as a site of struggle between these competing forces. On one hand, transnational advocacy networks draw authority from forces of US hegemony to advocate for strong bank control over environmental and social standards. On the other hand, the bank's founders have promised its members from developing countries that a China-led MDB will free them of bank interference in the domestic affairs of borrower countries. Drawing on five years of fieldwork starting while the AIIB was still an idea on the negotiator's table until the adoption and implementation of its environmental and social framework and related policies, I argue that the AIIB represents the desire of the Chinese state to disentangle the international economic order from US hegemony. However, the bank's choice to adhere to global financial norms, including raising money on international bond markets in US dollar-denominated notes, leaves few options for offering its borrowers a substantive alternative to major MDBs. In this context, environmental and social governance of projects has emerged as a site to introduce 'non-interference' into bank norms, but, I argue, this is also an attempt by the bank to dismantle transnational advocacy networks. As such, the choice to re-territorialize borrower sovereignty is also one that isolates place-based struggles against national development projects and thus perpetuates the inequities and harms of neoliberal development against marginalized peoples and environments.
| Author | : Asian Development Bank |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 298 |
| Release | : 2009 |
| Genre | : Asia |
| ISBN | : |
This study examines major challenges and issues associated with developing regional infrastructure through the fostering of regional cooperation in Asia, and provides a framework for pan-Asian infrastructure cooperation. The study's long-term vision is the creation of a seamless Asia (an integrated region connected by world-class, environmentally friendly infrastructure) in terms of both "hard" (physical) and "soft" (facilitating) infrastructure. The soft part supports the development and operation of the hard component. Findings indicate that the benefits of upgrading and extending Asia's infrastructure networks are substantial, and that all countries in the region would benefit. A logistics network is only as good as its weakest link; each country in a regional supply chain gains from infrastructure improvements made in others. Improving connectivity in the region would bring Asia large welfare gains through increased market access, reduced trade costs, and more efficient energy production and use. According to the study, to achieve this Asia needs to invest approximately $8 trillion in overall national infrastructure between 2010 and 2020. In addition, Asia needs to spend approximately $290 billion on specific regional infrastructure projects in transport and energy that are already in the pipeline
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : BRILL |
| Total Pages | : 278 |
| Release | : 2019-07-01 |
| Genre | : Law |
| ISBN | : 9004408320 |
This first volume of the AIIB Yearbook of International Law (AYIL), edited by Peter Quayle and Xuan Gao, is based upon the inaugural 2017 AIIB Legal Conference, both titled, Good Governance and Modern International Financial Institutions (IFIs). Following a Preface by the General Counsel of the AIIB and General Editor of AYIL, Gerard Sanders, and an Introduction by the Editors, this volume of AYIL draws upon expertise from other IFIs, international law and governance practitioners, and eminent academics. It is divided into three parts to reflect a series of dimensions to the good governance of IFIs. Firstly, the role of the membership of IFIs as expressed through their executive governance organs. Second, the legal basis of governance of IFIs. And third, the interaction around governance between IFIs and external stakeholders. This volume concludes with the text of the 2017 AIIB Law Lecture, delivered by the United Nations Under-Secretary-General for Legal Affairs and Legal Counsel, Miguel de Serpa Soares on the subject of ‘The Necessity of Cooperation between International Organizations’ and a summary report on the proceedings of the 2017 AIIB Legal Conference. The first volume of AYIL was launched at the Annual Meeting of the Board of Governors of the AIIB in Mumbai, India, June 2018.
| Author | : Nele Noesselt |
| Publisher | : Rowman & Littlefield |
| Total Pages | : 227 |
| Release | : 2018-10-15 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 1498580254 |
This edited volume assesses governance innovation and institutional change under the fifth generation of China’s political leaders headed by Xi Jinping. The configuration of long-term policy innovation without regime change requires skilled political actors who secure strategic majorities and set up coalitions to design and launch new policies. Recalibrations or reconfigurations of the governance model respond to domestic reform pressures or external shocks in order to secure regime survival. Given that most structural constraints and reform pressures do not arise out of a sudden, the thrilling question is why the political elites sometimes decide not to engage in institutional reforms despite of widespread societal support for major restructuring and why they suddenly launch institutional changes in times of relative stability. The authors address these issues by focusing on basic patterns and paradigms of governance and institutional change in China, the actors and drivers of governance innovation, as well as the impact of norms, values, and socio-cognitive orientations. This is added by some reflections on the interplay between abstract ideas, reform debates, and the making of concrete decisions as outlined by the Third Plenum on (socio-)economic reforms in 2013 and the Fourth Plenum on rule-based governance (fazhi) in 2014.
| Author | : Caleb Maina IDI |
| Publisher | : Independently Published |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2023-05-20 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
In an era characterized by complex geopolitical dynamics and interconnected global challenges, China's rise as a major player on the world stage has captivated the attention of scholars, policymakers, and strategists alike. In this thought-provoking book, "China's Strategic Path: Navigating Multilateralism in a Globalized World," we delve deep into China's distinctive approach to international relations (IR) and explore its strategic blueprint for engaging with the complex web of multilateral institutions and frameworks. Written by leading experts in the field, this comprehensive and compelling examination unravels the intricate layers of China's multilateral engagement strategy. From the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) to the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), China has been actively reshaping the global order and challenging traditional Western-dominated multilateral institutions. Through meticulous research and insightful analysis, we uncover the key drivers, motivations, and implications behind China's evolving approach. The book takes readers on a fascinating journey through China's multifaceted engagements in areas such as trade, security, climate change, and human rights. It explores how China utilizes multilateral platforms, such as the United Nations, World Trade Organization, and regional organizations, to promote its national interests while simultaneously navigating the complexities of international norms, norms, and expectations. Building upon the foundations established in the earlier chapters, "China's Strategic Path" delves into the intricacies of China's engagement with specific regions and institutions. The book examines China's expanding influence in Africa, Latin America, and the Middle East, analyzing the economic, political, and strategic implications of its multilateral initiatives in these regions. The authors explore how China utilizes economic tools, such as trade agreements, infrastructure investments, and development aid, as a means of advancing its strategic interests and securing access to key resources. They shed light on China's unique approach to regional organizations, including the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) and the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC), providing valuable insights into China's objectives and the implications for regional dynamics. Additionally, the book critically evaluates the challenges and criticisms faced by China's multilateral engagement. It examines concerns raised by other countries regarding issues such as intellectual property rights, cybersecurity, and human rights. By presenting diverse perspectives, the authors foster a comprehensive understanding of the complex interactions between China and the international community. Throughout the book, "China's Strategic Path" employs a balanced and objective lens, avoiding simplistic narratives or sweeping generalizations. The authors provide a nuanced analysis of China's intentions, recognizing both its potential as a constructive force for global governance and the inherent tensions that arise from its pursuit of national interests. As the world seeks to navigate an increasingly complex and interconnected future, this book serves as an indispensable guide for policymakers, scholars, and students seeking to understand China's role and its impact on the trajectory of global governance. It offers a timely and invaluable resource that enables readers to decipher the motivations, strategies, and implications of China's multilateral engagements, ultimately contributing to informed and constructive dialogues on the future of international relations in a multipolar world.
| Author | : Kai He |
| Publisher | : Taylor & Francis US |
| Total Pages | : 224 |
| Release | : 2009 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 041546952X |
This book examines the strategic interactions among China, the United States, Japan, and Southeast Asian States in the context of China’s rise and globalization after the cold war. Engaging the mainstream theoretical debates in international relations, the author introduces a new theoretical framework—institutional realism—to explain the institutionalization of world politics in the Asia-Pacific after the cold war. Institutional realism suggests that deepening economic interdependence creates a condition under which states are more likely to conduct a new balancing strategy—institutional balancing, i.e., countering pressures or threats through initiating, utilizing, and dominating multilateral institutions—to pursue security under anarchy. To test the validity of institutional realism, Kai He examines the foreign policies of the U.S., Japan, the ASEAN states, and China toward four major multilateral institutions, Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Regional Forum (ARF), ASEAN Plus Three (APT), and East Asian Summit (EAS). Challenging the popular pessimistic view regarding China’s rise, the book concludes that economic interdependence and structural constraints may well soften the "dragon’s teeth." China’s rise does not mean a dark future for the region. Institutional Balancing in the Asia Pacificwill be of great interest to policy makers and scholars of Asian security, international relations, Chinese foreign policy, and U.S. foreign policy.
| Author | : Stephen B. Kaplan |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 411 |
| Release | : 2021-07-15 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 110718231X |
Examines China's overseas financial investments in the developing world, and its impact on national economic policymaking in the Americas.
| Author | : Gu Bin |
| Publisher | : Kluwer Law International B.V. |
| Total Pages | : 244 |
| Release | : 2018-11-27 |
| Genre | : Law |
| ISBN | : 9403506326 |
The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), which began operations in 2016 and now has an approved membership of eighty-four worldwide, has quickly become perhaps one of the world’s most promising agents of global economic development. With its firm commitments to the twenty-first century imperatives of cost-effectiveness, zero tolerance for corruption and active promotion of environmental sustainability, its clearly stated aims and requirements echo the goal of reform that other multilateral institutions are undertaking. This book is among the first to offer an incisive introduction to the AIIB’s law and governance, which are now essentially in place. From a perspective of Chinese multilateralism, which parts ways from the dominant twentieth-century Bretton Woods arrangements, the author provides in great depth the details of such elements of the Bank’s Articles of Agreement as the following: – non-resident board system; – procurement; – role of trust funds; – state-owned enterprises as private entities; – immunity; – dispute settlement; – accountability for involuntary resettlement and human rights violations; and – policy on prohibited practices. Throughout, the author provides deeply informed comparisons with such existing multilateral development banks as the World Bank, the African Development Bank, the Asian Development Bank, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the Inter-American Development Bank, as well as with the World Trade Organization. He shows how the AIIB not only emulates but also innovates while continuing to collaborate closely with these institutions. He suggests what should be done to optimize governance, standards and operations of the AIIB together with these peer institutions in a mutually emulating manner. Lawyers and policymakers involved in international economic law and related fields will welcome this nuanced and in-depth description and analysis of the AIIB. Its concomitant analysis of political economy and global governance issues will be of interest to bankers, businesses, government officials and others looking for an overall understanding of multilateral development banking and China’s approach toward global governance in particular.
