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China's Housing Middle Class

China's Housing Middle Class
Author: Beibei Tang
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 160
Release: 2017-10-25
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1351630024

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Home ownership plays a significant role in locating the middle class in most western societies, associated with market, consumerism, democracy and “people like us”, the significant features of the middle class for any society. In China, private home ownership was not the norm from 1949, when the Chinese Communist Party took power, until the 1990s. In the past three decades, however, there has been a fast growing housing consumption and private homeowners have become the most significantly changing aspect of Chinese urban life. In particular, the rise of gated communities has become a predominant feature of the urban landscape. Similar to their western counterparts, the gated communities in China exemplify “high status” symbols with enclosed and restricted residential areas, exclusive community parks and recreational facilities, and professional management and security services. But different from western societies where gated communities usually represent luxurious lifestyles only limited to a small group of people, in urban China gated communities have become one major form of supply in the housing market and one of the most popular and desirable choices for homebuyers. Private home ownership and residency in gated communities, altogether characterize the most significant aspect of comfort living and distinct lifestyles of China’s new middle classes who have successfully got ahead in the socialist market economy. This book examines the formation of “China’s housing middle class”. It develops a theoretical argument about, and provides empirical evidence of the heterogeneity of China’s new middle class, which underlines the relations between the state, market and life chances under a socialist market economy. As such it will be of huge interest to students and scholars of Chinese society, sociology and politics.


Middle Class Shanghai

Middle Class Shanghai
Author: Cheng Li
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
Total Pages: 488
Release: 2021-05-11
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 0815739109

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The United States may be headed toward a disastrous conflict with China unless Washington updates its understanding of contemporary Chinese society After four decades of engagement, the United States and China now appear to be locked on a collision course that has already fomented a trade war, seems likely to produce a new cold war, and could even result in dangerous military conflict. The current deterioration of the bilateral relationship is the culmination of years of disputes, disillusionment, disappointment, and distrust between the two countries. Washington has legitimate concerns about Beijing's excessive domestic political control and aggressive foreign policy stances, just as Chinese leaders believe the United States still has futile designs on blocking their country's inevitable rise to great-power status. Cheng Li's Middle Class Shanghai argues that American policymakers must not lose sight of the expansive dynamism and diversity in present-day China. The caricature of the PRC as a monolithic Communist apparatus set on exporting its ideology and development model is simplistic and misguided. Drawing on empirical research in the realms of higher education, avant-garde art, architecture, and law, this unique study highlights the strong, constructive impact of bilateral exchanges. Combining eclectic human stories with striking new data analysis, this book addresses the possibility that the development of China's class structure and cosmopolitan culture—exemplified and led by Shanghai—could provide a force for reshaping U.S.-China engagement. Both countries should build upon the deep cultural and educational exchanges that have bound them together for decades. The author concludes that U.S. policymakers should neither underestimate the role and strength of the Chinese middle class, nor ostracize or alienate this force with policies that push it toward jingoistic nationalism to the detriment of both countries and the global community. With its unique focus, this book will enlighten policymakers, scholars, business leaders, and anyone interested in China and its increasingly fraught relations with the United States.


China's Emerging Middle Class

China's Emerging Middle Class
Author: Cheng Li
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
Total Pages: 417
Release: 2010
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0815704054

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Decades ago, there was no distinct middle class in the People's Republic of China. Any meaningful discussion of China's economy, politics, or society must take into account the rapid emergence and explosive growth of the Chinese middle class. This book details the origins and characteristics of this dramatic change.


In Search of Paradise

In Search of Paradise
Author: Li Zhang
Publisher: Cornell University Press
Total Pages: 264
Release: 2012-08-17
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 0801459435

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A new revolution in homeownership and living has been sweeping the booming cities of China. This time the main actors on the social stage are not peasants, migrants, or working-class proletariats but middle-class professionals and entrepreneurs in search of a private paradise in a society now dominated by consumerism. No longer seeking happiness and fulfillment through collective sacrifice and socialist ideals, they hope to find material comfort and social distinction in newly constructed gated communities. This quest for the good life is profoundly transforming the physical and social landscapes of urban China. Li Zhang, who is from Kunming, the capital of Yunnan province, turns a keen ethnographic eye on her hometown. She combines her analysis of larger political and social issues with fine-grained details about the profound spatial, cultural, and political effects of the shift in the way Chinese urban residents live their lives and think about themselves. In Search of Paradise is a deeply informed account of how the rise of private homeownership is reconfiguring urban space, class subjects, gender selfhood, and ways of life in the reform era. New, seemingly individualistic lifestyles mark a dramatic move away from yearning for a social utopia under Maoist socialism. Yet the privatization of property and urban living have engendered a simultaneous movement of public engagement among homeowners as they confront the encroaching power of the developers. This double movement of privatized living and public sphere activism, Zhang finds, is a distinctive feature of the cultural politics of the middle classes in contemporary China. Theoretically sophisticated and highly accessible, Zhang's account will appeal not only to those interested in China but also to anyone interested in spatial politics, middle-class culture, and postsocialist governing in a globalizing world.


China’s Middle Class

China’s Middle Class
Author: Li Youmei
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 257
Release: 2021-05-12
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1000388166

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This book is a collection of empirical studies on China’s middle class from top-ranking Chinese sociologists, discussing this newly identified social stratum with regard to the basic concept and scope of the group, its functions, formation, identity, consumption, behavior patterns and value system. As the first study of its kind, the analysis of most chapters is based on a rich body of empirical data gathered from rigorous large-scale surveys designed specifically for the Chinese middle class across megacities including Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. The book traces the complex and dynamic formation process of China’s middle class from different perspectives while dealing with issues of social concern such as “rigid social stratification”. The findings shed light on the underlying logic of structural change in Chinese society over several recent decades, with significant policy implications. The book will attract sociologists, students and policymakers interested in social structure, social transformation and middle-income groups in China.


Gated Communities in China

Gated Communities in China
Author: Choon-Piew Pow
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 225
Release: 2009-09-11
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 113402097X

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This book examines the nature and dynamics of gated communities within the specificities of reform Shanghai, a city that arguably has been at the forefront of China’s new urban/consumer revolution.


Middle Class China

Middle Class China
Author: David S. G. Goodman
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Total Pages: 219
Release: 2013-01-01
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1781005710

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A general expectation has developed that ChinaÕs middle class will generate not only social but also political change. This expectation often overlooks the reality that there is no single Chinese middle class with a common identity or will to action. This timely volume examines the behaviour and identity of the different elements of ChinaÕs middle class Ð entrepreneurs, managers, and professionals Ð in order to understand their centrality to the wider processes of social and political change in China. The expert contributors seek to identify the social space occupied by the Chinese middle class rather than identifying social backgrounds and attitudes. In so doing they explore socio-political issues, the development of a consumer society, relationships between gender and class in the workplace, home-ownership and the appearance of gated communities, and the political interaction between the Party-state and the entrepreneurial middle classes and their impact on the new institutional economics. Providing a more nuanced understanding of the structure of the middle class in China and identifying dynamic elements in their behaviour, this unique book will prove a fascinating and thought provoking read for academics, students and researchers with an interest in Asian studies and public policy.


China's Emerging Middle Class

China's Emerging Middle Class
Author: Cheng Li
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Total Pages: 417
Release: 2010-10-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 081570433X

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The rapid emergence and explosive growth of China's middle class have enormous consequences for that nation's domestic future, for the global economy, and for the whole world. In China's Emerging Middle Class, noted scholar Cheng Li and a team of experts focus on the sociopolitical ramifications of the birth and growth of the Chinese middle class over the past two decades. The contributors, from diverse disciplines and different regions, examine the development and evolution of China's middle class from a variety of analytical perspectives. What is its educational and occupational makeup? Are its members united by a common identity—by a shared political vision and worldview? How does the Chinese middle class compare with its counterparts in other countries? The contributors shed light on these and many other issues pertaining to the rapid rise of the middle class in the Middle Kingdom. Contributors: Jie Chen (Old Dominion University), Deborah Davis (Yale University), Bruce J. Dickson (George Washington University), Geoffrey Gertz (Brookings), Han Sang-Jin (Seoul National University), Hsin-Huang Michael Hsiao (National Taiwan University), Homi Kharas (Brookings), Li Chunling (Chinese Academy of Social Sciences), Jing Lin (University of Maryland–College Park), Sida Liu (University of Wisconsin– Madison), Lu Hanlong (Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences), Joyce Yanyun Man (Peking University–Lincoln Center), Ethan Michelson (Indiana University–Bloomington), Qin Chen (Hohai University), Xiaoyan Sun (Beijing Foreign Studies University), Luigi Tomba (Australian National University), Jianying Wang (Yale University), and Zhou Xiaohong (Nanjing University).


China's Housing Reform and Outcomes

China's Housing Reform and Outcomes
Author: Joyce Yanyun Man
Publisher: Lincoln Inst of Land Policy
Total Pages: 260
Release: 2011
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 9781558442115

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This in-depth volume explains China's residential construction boom and reviews how some established trends are likely to challenge its housing market in coming years. It draws on household surveys and public data in China and provides important lessons about housing policy for China and other countries.


Chinese Research Perspectives on Society, Volume 5

Chinese Research Perspectives on Society, Volume 5
Author: Peilin LI
Publisher: BRILL
Total Pages: 485
Release: 2019-10-21
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 9004418601

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Intro -- Contents -- Figures and Tables -- Chapter 1 China Enters the Final Stretch before Realizing a Moderately Prosperous Society in All Aspects: Analysis and Forecast of China's Social Conditions during 2015-2016 -- Chapter 2 The Income and Consumption of China's Urban and Rural Residents in 2015 -- Chapter 3 China's Employment in 2015: Innovation and Entrepreneurship Promoted Employment -- Chapter 4 The Changes in China's Resident Income Gap under the New Normal of the Economy in 2015 -- Chapter 5 Progress of the Social Security Undertaking amidst Reform in 2015 -- Chapter 6 Annual Report on the Development of China's Medical and Health Undertaking 2015 -- Chapter 7 The Educational Achievements in China during the Period of the 12th Five-Year Plan and the Outlook for Educational Development in the Period of the 13th Five-Year Plan -- Chapter 8 Survey Report on the Current Situation of China's Social Quality -- Chapter 9 Survey Report on the Situation of the Urban and Rural Groups in Difficulties in China -- Chapter 10 Survey Report on the Scale and Structure of China's Family Households -- Chapter 11 Survey Report on the Willingness and Planof Urban and Rural Residents in China to Have Two Children -- Chapter 12 Survey Report on the Social Middle Class in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou -- Chapter 13 Analysis Report on China's Online Public Opinion 2015 -- Chapter 14 2015: the Situation of China's Workers towards the Period of the 13th Five-Year Plan -- Chapter 15 Survey and Analysis Report on the Basic Situation of the Production and the Life of Chinese Farmers 2015 -- Chapter 16 The Building of an Urban Community and Community Governance in China in 2015 -- Chapter 17 2015: Report on the Progress in China's Farmer Organization -- Chapter 18 Survey and Analysis Report on the Online Behaviors of China's Private Entrepreneurs 2015.