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Characterization of Powders and Aerosols

Characterization of Powders and Aerosols
Author: Brian H. Kaye
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 323
Release: 2008-07-11
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3527614036

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Characterization of fine particles is a difficult task! A large number of industries deal with materials in powder form. The properties of these powders depend on their particle size, particle shape and size distributions, surface and porosity. What are the methods? What are the problems? What questions need answering? This new book covers the problems of sampling both powders and aerosols, and discusses calibration standards for different instruments. It takes into account fractionating methods for fine particles, e.g., sieving procedures, sedimentation methods, and the use of cyclones. Image analysis and its use for the measurement of the size and shape of powder grains and light-diffraction techniques for size evaluation are presented. Furthermore, this books covers the most effective methods for measuring surface areas, fractal structures of rough surfaces, and pore structures of porous bodies. Practitioners will find tips for modification of analytical procedures for on-line characterization, and many graphs for comparing data obtained by different methods are presented.


Overcoming Challenges to Develop Countermeasures Against Aerosolized Bioterrorism Agents

Overcoming Challenges to Develop Countermeasures Against Aerosolized Bioterrorism Agents
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 87
Release: 2006-09-07
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 0309102111

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The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) gives the highest priority to developing countermeasures against bioterrorism agents that are highly infective when dispersed in aerosol form. Developing drugs to prevent or treat illnesses caused by bioterrorism agents requires testing their effectiveness in animals since human clinical trials would be unethical. At the request of NIAID, the National Academies conducted a study to examine how such testing could be improved. Overcoming Challenges to Develop Countermeasures Against Aerosolized Bioterrorism Agents provides recommendations to researchers on selecting the kinds of animal models, aerosol generators, and bioterrorism agent doses that would produce conditions that most closely mimic the disease process in humans. It also urges researchers to fully document experimental parameters in the literature so that studies can be reproduced and compared. The book recommends that all unclassified data on bioterrorism agent studies-including unclassified, unpublished data from U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID)-be published in the open literature. The book also calls on the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to improve the process by which bioterrorism countermeasures are approved based on the results of animal studies.


Particle Size Measurement

Particle Size Measurement
Author: Terence Allen
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 830
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9400904177

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Powder technology is a subject in its own right, and powder characterization is central to an understanding of this discipline. In the eight years since the printing of the third edition of Particle Size Measurement there have been two big changes in my life. After thirty years of academia I have returned to industry, and after a lifetime in Great Britain I have emigrated to the United States. In industry the initial demand is to relate powder properties to product performance and then to maintain powder consistency. This requires on-line or rapid off-line analysis which, in turn, has led to the demand for a whole range of new instruments whose primary function is process monitoring. Historically, chemical engineering courses have concentrated on the be haviour of fluids, and engineers enter industry relatively unschooled in the subject of powder behaviour . Yet, when my colleagues Reg Davies and John Boughton surveyed three thousand Dupont products, they discovered that 80% involved powder at some stage of their manufacture. The results of this survey illustrate the need for more training in this key subject. This edition reflects the changing image of powder characterization towards in-process size analysis. Hence the chapter covering on-line analysis has been largely re-written. Apart from this, I have expanded certain sections and describe the new instruments that have been introduced since the last edition.


Powder Sampling and Particle Size Determination

Powder Sampling and Particle Size Determination
Author: T. Allen
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 683
Release: 2003-12-09
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0080539327

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Powder technology is a rapidly expanding technology and nowhere more than in particle characterization. There has been an explosion of new particle measuring techniques in the past ten year particularly in the field of on-line measurement. One of the main aims of this book is to bring the reader up-to-date with current practices. One important area of interest is the improvements in on-line light scattering instruments and the introduction of ultrasonic on-line devices. Another is the introduction of on-line microscopy, which permits shape analysis in conjunction with particle sizing.Schools of powder technology are common in Europe and Japan but the importance of this subject has only recently been recognised in America with the emergence of the Particle Research Centre (PERC) at the University of Florida in Gainsville. - Details all the latest developments in powder technology - Written by established authority on powder technology- A comprehensive text covering all aspects of powder technology and handling of particulate solids including characterization, handling and applications