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Causation and Reasoning Constructions

Causation and Reasoning Constructions
Author: Masaru Kanetani
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Total Pages: 210
Release: 2019-03-15
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 9027262713

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Causation and reasoning are different but related types of relationships. Both causal relations and reasoning processes may be expressed with one and the same connective word in some languages: English speakers use because and Japanese speakers use kara. How then are causation and reasoning processes related to and different from each other? How do we construe and encode them? How is because different from other conjunctions with similar meanings? To account for these and related empirical questions, this book presents an integrated analysis in accordance with the original principles of Construction Grammar. In particular, the book shows that the analysis proposed is compatible with our general knowledge about causation and reasoning and that it is valid for English and Japanese. The proposed analysis is also comprehensively applicable to a variety of related phenomena, ranging from the just because X doesn’t mean Y construction to the innovative and less known because X construction.


The Oxford Handbook of Causal Reasoning

The Oxford Handbook of Causal Reasoning
Author: Michael Waldmann
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 769
Release: 2017
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 0199399557

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Causal reasoning is one of our most central cognitive competencies, enabling us to adapt to our world. Causal knowledge allows us to predict future events, or diagnose the causes of observed facts. We plan actions and solve problems using knowledge about cause-effect relations. Without our ability to discover and empirically test causal theories, we would not have made progress in various empirical sciences. The handbook brings together the leading researchers in the field of causal reasoning and offers state-of-the-art presentations of theories and research. It provides introductions of competing theories of causal reasoning, and discusses its role in various cognitive functions and domains. The final section presents research from neighboring fields.


Causality

Causality
Author: Judea Pearl
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 487
Release: 2009-09-14
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 052189560X

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Causality offers the first comprehensive coverage of causal analysis in many sciences, including recent advances using graphical methods. Pearl presents a unified account of the probabilistic, manipulative, counterfactual and structural approaches to causation, and devises simple mathematical tools for analyzing the relationships between causal connections, statistical associations, actions and observations. The book will open the way for including causal analysis in the standard curriculum of statistics, artificial intelligence ...


Causal Reasoning in Physics

Causal Reasoning in Physics
Author: Mathias Frisch
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 265
Release: 2014-10-09
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1316062392

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Much has been written on the role of causal notions and causal reasoning in the so-called 'special sciences' and in common sense. But does causal reasoning also play a role in physics? Mathias Frisch argues that, contrary to what influential philosophical arguments purport to show, the answer is yes. Time-asymmetric causal structures are as integral a part of the representational toolkit of physics as a theory's dynamical equations. Frisch develops his argument partly through a critique of anti-causal arguments and partly through a detailed examination of actual examples of causal notions in physics, including causal principles invoked in linear response theory and in representations of radiation phenomena. Offering a new perspective on the nature of scientific theories and causal reasoning, this book will be of interest to professional philosophers, graduate students, and anyone interested in the role of causal thinking in science.


By Parallel Reasoning

By Parallel Reasoning
Author: Paul Bartha
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 371
Release: 2010-03-17
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 0199717052

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In By Parallel Reasoning Paul Bartha proposes a normative theory of analogical arguments and raises questions and proposes answers regarding (i.) criteria for evaluating analogical arguments, (ii.) the philosophical justification for analogical reasoning, and (iii.) the place of scientific analogies in the context of theoretical confirmation.


Cause - Condition - Concession - Contrast

Cause - Condition - Concession - Contrast
Author: Elizabeth Couper-Kuhlen
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
Total Pages: 485
Release: 2009-09-24
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 3110219042

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The future of English linguistics as envisaged by the editors of Topics in English Linguistics lies in empirical studies which integrate work in English linguistics into general and theoretical linguistics on the one hand, and comparative linguistics on the other. The TiEL series features volumes that present interesting new data and analyses, and above all fresh approaches that contribute to the overall aim of the series, which is to further outstanding research in English linguistics.


The Wiley-Blackwell Handbook of Childhood Cognitive Development

The Wiley-Blackwell Handbook of Childhood Cognitive Development
Author: Usha Goswami
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 818
Release: 2011-07-11
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 1444351737

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This definitive volume is the result of collaboration by top scholars in the field of children's cognition. New edition offers an up-to-date overview of all the major areas of importance in the field, and includes new data from cognitive neuroscience and new chapters on social cognitive development and language Provides state-of-the-art summaries of current research by international specialists in different areas of cognitive development Spans aspects of cognitive development from infancy to the onset of adolescence Includes chapters on symbolic reasoning, pretend play, spatial development, abnormal cognitive development and current theoretical perspectives


Causality

Causality
Author: Judea Pearl
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 412
Release: 2000-03-13
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9780521773621

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Causality offers the first comprehensive coverage of causal analysis in many sciences, including recent advances using graphical methods. Pearl presents a unified account of the probabilistic, manipulative, counterfactual and structural approaches to causation, and devises simple mathematical tools for analyzing the relationships between causal connections and statistical associations. The book will facilitate the incorporation of causal analysis as an integral part of the standard curriculum in statistics, business, epidemiology, social science and economics. Causality will be of interest to professionals and students in the fields of statistics, artificial intelligence, philosophy, cognitive science, and the health and social sciences.


Default Reasoning

Default Reasoning
Author: Hector Geffner
Publisher: Mit Press
Total Pages: 236
Release: 1992-03
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 9780262519083

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a powerful default-handling system that yields an intuitive behavior in severaldomains of interest in AI, including inheritance hierarchies, reasoning about change, general logicprograms, and abductive reasoning