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Black Feminism and Womanhood in Toni Morrison’s Beloved

Black Feminism and Womanhood in Toni Morrison’s Beloved
Author: Djenisa Osmani
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Total Pages: 18
Release: 2021-12-15
Genre: Literary Criticism
ISBN: 3346556174

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Essay from the year 2021 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: 2,0, University of Stuttgart, language: English, abstract: This essay is about how the roles of black women as enslaved persons are portrayed. Women have been socially and politically oppressed for centuries, even to this day in some parts of the world. They were deprived of (or denied) rights and social roles were imposed on them, which were mainly limited to their own home as wife and mother. As problematic as this situation was or still is in some cases and areas, it becomes more problematic when not only gender poses obstacles, but also origin or race. In the early 19th century, but especially after the Civil War, women in the USA came together and founded organizations and associations concerned with social welfare (especially for women) (Banner 100). Over the decades, more movements, organizations, and associations followed, working for political and social equality and equal rights for women, as well as fighting for rights, and mostly successfully from today’s point of view (at least in the Western world). Despite these feminist movements fighting for equality, there were inequalities in the movements, namely race. A distinction must therefore be made between white feminism and black feminism. Toni Morrison contributed to drawing attention to black feminism with her novels or with the help of her female protagonists. This is also the case in her fifth novel Beloved published in 1987, in which, in addition to the main motif of slavery, other motifs such as trauma and memory, but also black feminism and womanhood are included. The protagonist Sethe lives together with her daughter Denver and with the ghost Beloved, who is her killed daughter. With the help of memories, flashbacks, and dreams (or nightmares), the story tells what the protagonist experiences during her time as an enslaved woman among other things, how she is able to escape slavery, what happens (also immediately) after her escape and how she deals with her memories and her past. In this process, (sexual) abuse, oppression of the enslaved females, and the difficulties of motherhood – always in addition to the agonies of slavery and racism – can be found in the novel.


Toni Morrison and Motherhood

Toni Morrison and Motherhood
Author: Andrea O'Reilly
Publisher: State University of New York Press
Total Pages: 245
Release: 2012-02-01
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 0791485161

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Traces Morrison's theory of African American mothering as it is articulated in her novels, essays, speeches, and interviews. Mothering is a central issue for feminist theory, and motherhood is also a persistent presence in the work of Toni Morrison. Examining Morrison's novels, essays, speeches, and interviews, Andrea O'Reilly illustrates how Morrison builds upon black women's experiences of and perspectives on motherhood to develop a view of black motherhood that is, in terms of both maternal identity and role, radically different from motherhood as practiced and prescribed in the dominant culture. Motherhood, in Morrison's view, is fundamentally and profoundly an act of resistance, essential and integral to black women's fight against racism (and sexism) and their ability to achieve well-being for themselves and their culture. The power of motherhood and the empowerment of mothering are what make possible the better world we seek for ourselves and for our children. This, argues O'Reilly, is Morrison's maternal theory—a politics of the heart. "As an advocate of 'a politics of the heart,' O'Reilly has an acute insight into discerning any threat to the preservation and continuation of traditional African American womanhood and values ... Above all, Toni Morrison and Motherhood, based on Andrea O'Reilly's methodical research on Morrison's works as well as feminist critical resources, proffers a useful basis for understanding Toni Morrison's works. It certainly contributes to exploring in detail Morrison's rich and complex works notable from the perspectives of nurturing and sustaining African American maternal tradition." — African American Review "O'Reilly boldly reconfigures hegemonic western notions of motherhood while maintaining dialogues across cultural differences." — Journal of the Association for Research on Mothering "Andrea O'Reilly examines Morrison's complex presentations of, and theories about, motherhood with admirable rigor and a refusal to simplify, and the result is one of the most penetrating and insightful studies of Morrison yet to appear, a book that will prove invaluable to any scholar, teacher, or reader of Morrison." — South Atlantic Review "...it serves as a sort of annotated bibliography of nearly all the major theoretical work on motherhood and on Morrison as an author ... anyone conducting serious study of either Toni Morrison or motherhood, not to mention the combination, should read [this book] ... O'Reilly's exhaustive research, her facility with theories of Anglo-American and Black feminism, and her penetrating analyses of Morrison's works result in a highly useful scholarly read." — Literary Mama "By tracing both the metaphor and literal practice of mothering in Morrison's literary world, O'Reilly conveys Morrison's vision of motherhood as an act of resistance." — American Literature "Motherhood is critically important as a recurring theme in Toni Morrison's oeuvre and within black feminist and feminist scholarship. An in-depth analysis of this central concern is necessary in order to explore the complex disjunction between Morrison's interviews, which praise black mothering, and the fiction, which presents mothers in various destructive and self-destructive modes. Kudos to Andrea O'Reilly for illuminating Morrison's 'maternal standpoint' and helping readers and critics understand this difficult terrain. Toni Morrison and Motherhood is also valuable as a resource that addresses and synthesizes a huge body of secondary literature." — Nancy Gerber, author of Portrait of the Mother-Artist: Class and Creativity in Contemporary American Fiction "In addition to presenting a penetrating and original reading of Toni Morrison, O'Reilly integrates the evolving scholarship on motherhood in dominant and minority cultures in a review that is both a composite of commonalities and a clear representation of differences." — Elizabeth Bourque Johnson, University of Minnesota Andrea O'Reilly is Associate Professor in the School of Women's Studies at York University and President of the Association for Research on Mothering. She is the author and editor of several books on mothering, including (with Sharon Abbey) Mothers and Daughters: Connection, Empowerment, and Transformation and Mothers and Sons: Feminism, Masculinity, and the Struggle to Raise Our Sons.


Sula

Sula
Author: Toni Morrison
Publisher: Knopf
Total Pages: 193
Release: 2002-04-05
Genre: Fiction
ISBN: 0375415351

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From the acclaimed Nobel Prize winner: Two girls who grow up to become women. Two friends who become something worse than enemies. This brilliantly imagined novel brings us the story of Nel Wright and Sula Peace, who meet as children in the small town of Medallion, Ohio. Nel and Sula's devotion is fierce enough to withstand bullies and the burden of a dreadful secret. It endures even after Nel has grown up to be a pillar of the black community and Sula has become a pariah. But their friendship ends in an unforgivable betrayal—or does it end? Terrifying, comic, ribald and tragic, Sula is a work that overflows with life.


The Joys of Motherhood

The Joys of Motherhood
Author: Buchi Emecheta
Publisher: Heinemann
Total Pages: 230
Release: 1994
Genre: Fiction
ISBN: 9780435909727

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...a graceful, touching, ironically titled tale. - John Updike A new edition of her classic novel to coincide with the publication of her other works in the African Writers Series. Nnu Ego is a woman devoted to her children, giving them all her energy, all her worldly possessions, indeed, all her life to them -- with the result that she finds herself friendless and alone in middle age. This story of a young mother's struggles in 1950s Lagos is a powerful commentary on polygamy, patriarchy, and women's changing roles in urban Nigeria.


Toni Morrison and Womanist Discourse

Toni Morrison and Womanist Discourse
Author: Aoi Mori
Publisher: Peter Lang Incorporated, International Academic Publishers
Total Pages: 184
Release: 1999
Genre: Literary Criticism
ISBN:

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After setting out and elaborating the notion Alice Walker defined as a potential inclusive female autonomy that transcends the race, sex, and sexual preferences that feminism seems not to, Mori (English, Hiroshima Jogakuin U., Japan) discusses Morrison's work, especially as it relates to such categories and movement. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR


Tar Baby

Tar Baby
Author: Toni Morrison
Publisher: Vintage
Total Pages: 343
Release: 2007-07-24
Genre: Fiction
ISBN: 0307388158

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A ravishingly beautiful and emotionally incendiary reinvention of the love story by the legendary Nobel Prize winner Jadine Childs is a Black fashion model with a white patron, a white boyfriend, and a coat made out of ninety perfect sealskins. Son is a Black fugitive who embodies everything she loathes and desires. As Morrison follows their affair, which plays out from the Caribbean to Manhattan and the deep South, she charts all the nuances of obligation and betrayal between Blacks and whites, masters and servants, and men and women.


Rhetorical Healing

Rhetorical Healing
Author: Tamika L. Carey
Publisher: SUNY Press
Total Pages: 226
Release: 2016-10-04
Genre: Literary Criticism
ISBN: 1438462433

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Reveals the rhetorical strategies African American writers have used to promote Black women’s recovery and wellness through educational and entertainment genres and the conservative gender politics that are distributed when these efforts are sold for public consumption. Since the Black women’s literary renaissance ended nearly three decades ago, a profitable and expansive market of self-help books, inspirational literature, family-friendly plays, and films marketed to Black women has emerged. Through messages of hope and responsibility, the writers of these texts develop templates that tap into legacies of literacy as activism, preaching techniques, and narrative formulas to teach strategies for overcoming personal traumas or dilemmas and resuming one’s quality of life. Drawing upon Black vernacular culture as well as scholarship in rhetorical theory, literacy studies, Black feminism, literary theory, and cultural studies, Tamika L. Carey deftly traces discourses on healing within the writings and teachings of such figures as Oprah Winfrey, Iyanla Vanzant, T. D. Jakes, and Tyler Perry, revealing the arguments and curricula they rely on to engage Black women and guide them to an idealized conception of wellness. As Carey demonstrates, Black women’s wellness campaigns indicate how African Americans use rhetorical education to solve social problems within their communities and the complex gender politics that are mass-produced when these efforts are commercialized.


Race-ing Justice, En-gendering Power

Race-ing Justice, En-gendering Power
Author: Toni Morrison
Publisher: Pantheon
Total Pages: 507
Release: 1992-10-06
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 0679741453

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It was perhaps the most wretchedly aspersive race and gender scandal of recent times: the dramatic testimony of Anita Hill at the Senate hearings on the confirmation of Clarence Thomas as Supreme Court Justice. Yet even as the televised proceedings shocked and galvanized viewers not only in this country but the world over, they cast a long shadow on essential issues that define America. In Race-ing Justice, En-gendering Power, Nobel Prize winner Toni Morrison contributes an introduction and brings together eighteen provocative essays, all but one written especially for this book, by prominent and distinguished academicians—Black and white, male and female. These writings powerfully elucidate not only the racial and sexual but also the historical, political, cultural, legal, psychological, and linguistic aspects of a signal and revelatory moment in American history. With contributions by: Homi K. Bhabha, Margaret A. Burnham, Kimberlé Crenshaw, Paula Giddings, A. Leon Higginbotham, Jr., Claudia Brodsky Lacour, Wahneema Lubiano, Manning Marable, Nellie Y. McKay, Toni Morrison, Nell Irvin Painter, Gayle Pemberton, Andrew Ross, Christine Stansell, Carol M. Swain, Michael Thelwell, Kendall Thomas, Cornel West, Patricia J. Williams


Motherhood, Childlessness and the Care of Children in Atlantic Slave Societies

Motherhood, Childlessness and the Care of Children in Atlantic Slave Societies
Author: Camillia Cowling
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 479
Release: 2020-05-21
Genre: History
ISBN: 0429535805

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This book provides critical perspectives on the multiple forms of ‘mothering’ that took place in Atlantic slave societies. Facing repeated child death, mothering was a site of trauma and grief for many, even as slaveholders romanticized enslaved women’s work in caring for slaveholders' children. Examining a wide range of societies including medieval Spain, Brazil, and New England, and including the work of historians based in Brazil, Cuba, the United States, and Britain, this collection breaks new ground in demonstrating the importance of mothering for the perpetuation of slavery, and the complexity of the experience of motherhood in such circumstances. This pathbreaking collection, on all aspects of the experience, politics, and representations of motherhood under Atlantic slavery, analyses societies across the Atlantic world, and will be of interest to those studying the history of slavery as well as those studying mothering throughout history. This book comprises two special issues, originally published in Slavery & Abolition and Women’s History Review.