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Biodefense in the Age of Synthetic Biology

Biodefense in the Age of Synthetic Biology
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 189
Release: 2019-01-05
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0309465184

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Scientific advances over the past several decades have accelerated the ability to engineer existing organisms and to potentially create novel ones not found in nature. Synthetic biology, which collectively refers to concepts, approaches, and tools that enable the modification or creation of biological organisms, is being pursued overwhelmingly for beneficial purposes ranging from reducing the burden of disease to improving agricultural yields to remediating pollution. Although the contributions synthetic biology can make in these and other areas hold great promise, it is also possible to imagine malicious uses that could threaten U.S. citizens and military personnel. Making informed decisions about how to address such concerns requires a realistic assessment of the capabilities that could be misused. Biodefense in the Age of Synthetic Biology explores and envisions potential misuses of synthetic biology. This report develops a framework to guide an assessment of the security concerns related to advances in synthetic biology, assesses the levels of concern warranted for such advances, and identifies options that could help mitigate those concerns.


Biosecurity in the Age of Synthetic Biology

Biosecurity in the Age of Synthetic Biology
Author: Leyma Pérez De Haro
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 335
Release: 2024-09-17
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1040107818

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Biosecurity in the Age of Synthetic Biology is a comprehensive review of the biosecurity issues faced by the innovative and rapidly evolving field of synthetic biology. This is a meticulous review of the groundbreaking biotechnological advancements and the critical need for robust biosecurity measures. The book provides an in-depth examination of the ethical, legal, and societal dimensions shaping the future of synthetic biology research, in addition to a practical protocol for biosecurity risk assessment. This is the first book to offer a structured guideline for biosecurity risk assessment in synthetic biology. The author’s balanced view of the opportunities of synthetic biology and the inherent security risks reveals foundational concepts, cutting-edge applications, and international perspectives on biosecurity. This essential guide illuminates scientific and technological frontiers and advocates for a proactive approach ensuring the responsible development and use of synthetic biology. It is an indispensable resource for scientists, policymakers, and anyone interested in the intersection of biotechnology and biosecurity. Key Features: Provides instructions and examples for a biosecurity risk assessment. Includes detailed proposed outline for creating a Biosecurity Manual for broad adoption. Emphasizes the future challenges and opportunities. Offers insights on the role of artificial intelligence in synthetic biology and biosecurity.


Emerging Threats of Synthetic Biology and Biotechnology

Emerging Threats of Synthetic Biology and Biotechnology
Author: Benjamin D. Trump
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 233
Release: 2021
Genre: Biomedical engineering
ISBN: 940242086X

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Synthetic biology is a field of biotechnology that is rapidly growing in various applications, such as in medicine, environmental sustainability, and energy production. However these technologies also have unforeseen risks and applications to humans and the environment. This open access book presents discussions on risks and mitigation strategies for these technologies including biosecurity, or the potential of synthetic biology technologies and processes to be deliberately misused for nefarious purposes. The book presents strategies to prevent, mitigate, and recover from 'dual-use concern' biosecurity challenges that may be raised by individuals, rogue states, or non-state actors. Several key topics are explored including opportunities to develop more coherent and scalable approaches to govern biosecurity from a laboratory perspective up to the international scale and strategies to prevent potential health and environmental hazards posed by deliberate misuse of synthetic biology without stifling innovation. The book brings together the expertise of top scholars in synthetic biology and biotechnology risk assessment, management, and communication to discuss potential biosecurity governing strategies and offer perspectives for collaboration in oversight and future regulatory guidance.


Biosecurity in the Age of Synthetic Biology

Biosecurity in the Age of Synthetic Biology
Author: Leyma Pérez de Haro
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2024-09-06
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9781032729473

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Biosecurity in the Age of Synthetic Biology is a comprehensive review of the biosecurity issues faced by the innovative and rapidly evolving field of synthetic biology. It is an indispensable resource for scientists, policymakers, and anyone interested in the intersection of biotechnology and biosecurity.


Synthetic Biology 2020: Frontiers in Risk Analysis and Governance

Synthetic Biology 2020: Frontiers in Risk Analysis and Governance
Author: Benjamin D. Trump
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2019-12-11
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9783030272630

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Synthetic biology offers powerful remedies for some of the world’s most intractable problems, but these solutions are clouded by uncertainty and risk that few strategies are available to address. The incentives for continued development of this emerging technology are prodigious and obvious, and the public deserves assurances that all potential downsides are duly considered and minimized accordingly. Incorporating social science analysis within the innovation process may impose constraints, but its simultaneous support in making the end products more acceptable to society at large should be considered a worthy trade-off. Contributing authors in this volume represent diverse perspectives related to synthetic biology’s social sciences, and reflect on different areas of risk analysis and governance that have developed for the field. Such perspectives include leading scholarly discussion pertaining to risk assessment, governance, ethics, and communication. The chapters of this volume note that while the first twenty years of synthetic biology development have focused strongly on technological innovation and product development, the next twenty should emphasize the synergy between developers, policymakers, and publics to generate the most beneficial, well governed, and transparent technologies and products possible. Many chapters in this volume provide new data and approaches that demonstrate the feasibility for multi-stakeholder efforts involving policymakers, regulators, industrial developers, workers, experts, and societal representatives to share responsibilities in the production of effective and acceptable governance in the face of uncertain risk probabilities. A full consideration of such perspectives may prevent a world of draconian regulations based on an insufficient or incomplete understanding of the science that underpins synthetic biology, as well as any hesitancy or fear by the public to adopt its eventual products.


Regulation of Synthetic Biology

Regulation of Synthetic Biology
Author: Alison McLennan
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Total Pages: 283
Release: 2018-04-27
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 178536944X

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This book explores the interplay between regulation and emerging technologies in the context of synthetic biology, a developing field that promises great benefits, and has already yielded fuels and medicines made with designer micro-organisms. For all its promise, however, it also poses various risks. Investigating the distinctiveness of synthetic biology and the regulatory issues that arise, Alison McLennan questions whether synthetic biology can be regulated within existing structures or whether new mechanisms are needed.


Dual-use life science research and biosecurity in the 21st Century: Social, Technical, Policy, and Ethical Challenges

Dual-use life science research and biosecurity in the 21st Century: Social, Technical, Policy, and Ethical Challenges
Author: Jonathan E. Suk
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Total Pages: 97
Release: 2015-06-04
Genre: Life sciences
ISBN: 2889195686

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In September 2011, scientists announced new experimental findings that would not only threaten the conduct and publication of influenza research, but would have significant policy and intelligence implications. The findings presented a modified variant of the H5N1 avian influenza virus (hereafter referred to as the H5N1 virus) that was transmissible via aerosol between ferrets. These results suggested a worrisome possibility: the existence of a new airborne and highly lethal H5N1 virus that could cause a deadly global pandemic. In response, a series of international discussions on the nature of dual-use life science arose. These discussions addressed the complex social, technical, political, security, and ethical issues related to dual-use research. This Research Topic will be devoted to contributions that explore this matrix of issues from a variety of case study and international perspectives.


Biosecurity in the Global Age

Biosecurity in the Global Age
Author: David P. Fidler
Publisher: Stanford University Press
Total Pages: 444
Release: 2007-12-03
Genre: Law
ISBN: 0804774471

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Biosecurity comprehensively analyzes the dramatic transformations that are reshaping how the international community addresses biological weapons and infectious diseases. The book examines the renewed threat from biological weapons, and explores the new world of biological weapons governance. Gostin and Fidler argue that the arms control approach in the Biological Weapons Convention no longer dominates. Other strategies have emerged to challenge the arms control approach, and the book identifies four important policy trends—the criminalization of biological weapons, regulation of the biological sciences, management of the biodefense imperative, and preparation for biological weapons attack. The book also explores the challenges to public health resulting from new security threats. The authors look at the linkages between security and public health policy, both at the national and international level. For instance, Gostin and Fidler scrutinize the difficulty of developing policies that improve defenses against both biological weapons and the threat of infectious diseases from new viral strains. The new worlds of biological weapons and public health governance raise the importance of crafting policy responses informed by the rule of law. Thinking about the rule of law underscores the importance of finding globalized forms of biosecurity governance. The book explores patterns in recent governance initiatives and advocates building a "global biosecurity concert" as a way to address the threats biological weapons and infectious diseases present in the early 21st century.


Synthetic Biology and iGEM: Techniques, Development and Safety Concerns

Synthetic Biology and iGEM: Techniques, Development and Safety Concerns
Author: Kang Ning
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 119
Release: 2023-06-19
Genre: Science
ISBN: 981992460X

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This book focuses on biological engineering techniques, multi-omics big-data integration, and data-mining techniques, as well as cutting-edge researches in principles and applications of several synthetic biology applications. Synthetic biology is a new research area, while it has been rooted from the long-established area including biological engineering, metabolite engineering, and systems biology. This book will discuss the following aspects: (1) introduction to synthetic biology and iGEM, especially focusing on the systematic design, rational engineering, and sustainability of design in the omics ages; (2) synthetic biology–related multi-omics data integration and data mining techniques; (3) the technical issues, development issues, and safety issues of synthetic biology; (4) data resources, web services, and visualizations for synthetic biology; and (5) advancement in concrete research on synthetic biology, with several case studies shown. Devised as a book on synthetic biology research and education in the omics age, this book has put focuses on systematic design, rational engineering, and sustainability of design for synthetic biology, which will explain in detail and with supportive examples the “What,” “Why,” and “How” of the topic. It is an attempt to bridge the gap between synthetic biology’s research and education side, for best practice of synthetic biology and in-depth insights for the related questions.