Attribution Of Profits To Permanent Establishments Part 2 PDF Download

Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Attribution Of Profits To Permanent Establishments Part 2 PDF full book. Access full book title Attribution Of Profits To Permanent Establishments Part 2.

Attribution of Profits to Permanent Establishments - Part 2

Attribution of Profits to Permanent Establishments - Part 2
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2011
Genre:
ISBN:

Download Attribution of Profits to Permanent Establishments - Part 2 Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle

QUESTIONS: I. Issue Six: In the case of a turnkey contract for supply and installation, commissioning and testing of large equipment, e.g. power projects, involving both offshore and onshore legs of work: a. Do the Revenue Authorities of your country challenge the split of the contract between the offshore and onshore legs, for the purposes of attributing greater revenue to the onshore leg constituting a "fixed place of business installation PE" of the foreign company, even where the foreign company had entered into the contract with a rank third party customer? b. If the title of the equipment, which is supplied offshore, passes to the customer in the local country only upon completion of testing or commissioning thereof to the satisfaction of the customer, do the Revenue Authorities of your country attribute the entire profits relating to such offshore supply to the "fixed place of business installation PE" of the foreign company in the local country or do they restrict the attribution to only the functions of testing or commissioning, which are actually carried out in the local country? II. Issue Seven: If a foreign company creates a PE in your country for rendering services to local customers, would the Revenue Authorities of your country accept a "cost plus" method of attributing profits to such PE if the functional, asset and risk profile of the PE is that of a routine service provider; or would the Revenue Authorities always attribute the entire revenue received from the customer for rendering of such services to the PE? III. Issue Eight: Do the tax treaties generally executed by your country contain the concept of a "service PE"; and if so, under what circumstances would the existence of a "service PE" be triggered? IV. Issue Nine: If a foreign company outsources the execution of the entire contract for rendering services to a local customer in your country to any subsidiary company or third party entity in your country: a. Would the Revenue Authorities of your country treat such subsidiary company or third party entity as a PE of the foreign country, whether or not a "fixed place of business PE" or "service PE"? b. If the answer to part a. is in the affirmative, would the Revenue Authorities of your country attribute profits to the PE over and above the remuneration received by the subsidiary company or third party entity from the foreign company for rendering services to the local customer? V. Issue Ten: Do the tax treaties generally executed by your country contain the "force of attraction" clause; and if so, what is the general scope of operation of such clause?


Cross-Border Taxation of Permanent Establishments

Cross-Border Taxation of Permanent Establishments
Author: Andreas Waltrich
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
Total Pages: 362
Release: 2016-04-20
Genre: Law
ISBN: 9041168389

Download Cross-Border Taxation of Permanent Establishments Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle

The permanent establishment (PE) is a legal form of cross-border direct investment whereby a business presence is maintained as an integral part of the foreign investor. Due to the growing intensity and complexity of international business relations, the PE defi¬nition and the allocation of profi¬ts between head units and PEs have become highly contentious, especially from the perspectives of the major emerging economies of the BRIC countries (Brazil, Russia, India, and China). Unsurprisingly, the potential for tax avoidance and the scrutiny of tax authorities have increased enormously. Against this background, this work illustrates and compares the OECD Model Tax Convention with country-specifi¬c source taxation rules, focusing on possible tax system changes and offering reform proposals. Emphasizing the taxable implications of the various rules upon country-speci¬fic PE concepts, the author’s treatment covers such issues and topics as the following: – the PE de¬finition of the OECD MC and from the perspective of selected countries; – allocation of business pro¬fits under the Authorised OECD Approach (AOA); – avoidance of PE status; – implementation of a service PE proposal; – construction site PEs established by subcontractors; – existence of an agency PE; and – the OECD project on Base Erosion and Profi¬t Shifting (BEPS). The author uses simulated cross-border national and treaty cases to highlight qualifi¬cation conflicts, thus reinforcing his detailed discussion of source taxation rules of business profi¬ts and relevant case law in Germany, the United States, and the BRIC states. There is also a checklist detailing how companies can avoid unintentionally setting up a PE. The author’s deeply informed proposals provide much-needed guiding tax criteria and open the way to greater feasibility and transparency in PE taxation. Because the defi¬nition of PEs has enlarged and the treatment of profi¬t allocation has become more complex, the clari¬fication of the PE concept presented in this book is of inestimable importance for lawyers, of¬ficials, policymakers, and academics concerned with international business taxation in any jurisdiction.


Five Core Problems in the Attribution of Profits to Permanent Establishments

Five Core Problems in the Attribution of Profits to Permanent Establishments
Author: R.S. Collier
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2019
Genre:
ISBN:

Download Five Core Problems in the Attribution of Profits to Permanent Establishments Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle

The rules regulating the attribution of profit to permanent establishments (PEs) are a fundamental feature of the existing international tax system yet are beset by a multitude of problems. This article identifies five "core" problems with these rules: (1) the absence of a single standard for PE profit attribution; (2) conceptual and practical problems arising in the application of the Authorised OECD Approach (AOA); (3) new pressures arising as a result of the changes made to the PE threshold rules by the BEPS Project; (4) the failure to deal with the uncertainties between the transfer pricing rules and the PE attribution rules in the aftermath of BEPS; and (5) a raft of new challenges arising from the work on the digitalization of the economy. To a large degree, these issues are symptomatic of the problems faced by the international tax system as a whole. This article analyses the source, nature and impact of these core problems, before concluding with some brief thoughts on potential solutions.


The Attribution of Profits to Permanent Establishments

The Attribution of Profits to Permanent Establishments
Author: Raffaele Russo
Publisher: IBFD
Total Pages: 488
Release: 2005
Genre: Business enterprises
ISBN: 907607884X

Download The Attribution of Profits to Permanent Establishments Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle

"The attribution of profits to permanent establishments (PEs) is probably one of the most complex subjects of the international tax arena. The interaction of treaty rules and domestic legislations sometimes leads to unacceptable results such as double taxation or double non-taxation. This book compares the tax treatment of cross-border dealings between different parts of the same enterprise in several countries."--Extracted from publisher website on June 29, 2016


Fundamentals of Transfer Pricing

Fundamentals of Transfer Pricing
Author: Raffaele Petruzzi
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
Total Pages: 549
Release: 2022-06-20
Genre: Law
ISBN: 9403535202

Download Fundamentals of Transfer Pricing Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle

This is Part Two of a crucially significant two-volume set on the nature of transfer pricing that fully elucidates how the growing body of applicable rules works in practice. The preceding volume, subtitled General Topics and Specific Transactions, focused on basic principles and specialized topics. This volume enlarges the scope of the first volume, particularly concerning industry specifics, regional considerations, the use of new technologies, and the intersection between transfer pricing rules and other disciplines. As in the first volume, stakeholding contributors from government, multinational companies, international organizations, advisory groups, and academia offer deeply informed perspectives, both general and specific, on the practical application of transfer pricing rules. With numerous examples and relevant international judicial precedents, the authors augment the first volume in such ways as the following: extended analysis of particular business sectors, including automotive, banking, consumer goods, insurance, IT, oil and gas, and pharmaceutics; specific jurisdictional coverage of the United States, the European Union, Brazil, China, and India; detailed presentation of the use of new technologies by both taxpayers and tax authorities; and further in-depth analysis of transfer pricing’s interaction with various fields of law. With this authoritative source of practical guidance, advisors, in-house practitioners, government officials, and academics worldwide will have all the details they need to move forward in tackling the complex aspects of the current transfer pricing environment.


Attribution of Profits to Permanent Establishments

Attribution of Profits to Permanent Establishments
Author: Michael Lang
Publisher: Linde Verlag GmbH
Total Pages: 232
Release: 2020-04-08
Genre: Law
ISBN: 3709410568

Download Attribution of Profits to Permanent Establishments Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle

Attribution of Profits to Permanent Establishments: Issues and Developments The profit attribution to permanent establishments is one of the most controversial topics in international tax law. In recent years it was subject to various changes based on the introduction of the “Authorized OECD Approach” in 2008 and 2010, the outcomes of Final Report on OECD BEPS Action 7 and the Final Report on “Additional Guidance on the Attribution of Profits to a Permanent Establishment under BEPS Action 7” from 2018 (with the previous Discussion-Drafts). This publication discusses the most important issues and recent developments related to the attribution of profits to permanent establishments. Starting with an in-depth analysis on the commonalities and differences between the profit attribution provisions in modern double tax treaties (ie Art 7 AOA vs Art 9 OECD/UN Models), it further deals with topics such as profit attribution to PEs and PE exemptions (Art 5 para 4), profit attribution to agency PEs (Art 5 para 5 and 6), and profit attribution to a "significant economic presence" and to market states. This book is based on the outcomes of the presentations and discussions held during the WU Transfer Pricing Symposium that took place in October 2019 at the WU Vienna University of Economics and Business. The authors, apart from providing a theoretical background to the discussed issues, also present case studies that show how certain issues can be approached in practice. Every chapter ends with a summary of the opinions on the issues at stake of representatives of tax administrations, multinationals and tax advisories, which completes this essential practical guideline.


Switzerland in International Tax Law

Switzerland in International Tax Law
Author: Xavier Oberson
Publisher: IBFD
Total Pages: 457
Release: 2011
Genre: Double taxation
ISBN: 9087220987

Download Switzerland in International Tax Law Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle

"Switzerland has recently witnessed an unprecedented level of tax treaty negotiations. Although this is a direct result of Switzerland's revised position regarding exchange of information, a number of contracting states have taken this opportunity to modify tax treaty benefits and/or clarify certain aspects of tax treaty interpretation and application. These are considered extensively in this edition. As Switzerland has steadily aligned itself with international principles of international taxation, the self-imposed anti-abuse rules for the application of tax treaties have become less relevant. Nevertheless, Swiss courts have become more creative in determining where there is and where there is not treaty abuse. As a result, the 1962 Abuse Decree is making way for a more complex basket of anti-abuse rules and regulations"--Foreword (page vii).


The Concept of Permanent Establishment in the Insurance Business

The Concept of Permanent Establishment in the Insurance Business
Author: Daniele Frescurato
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
Total Pages: 430
Release: 2021-04-22
Genre: Law
ISBN: 940353284X

Download The Concept of Permanent Establishment in the Insurance Business Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle

siness models adopted by insurance companies; and comparative analysis of double tax treaty policies adopted in a number of countries with respect to the permanent establishment provision in the insurance business, highlighting Switzerland for comparative purposes. In a concluding chapter, the author proposes changes to the definition of the dependent agent permanent establishment currently enshrined in the model treaties and their respective commentaries, aligning such a definition to the regulatory framework in which insurance companies conduct their business in countries other than that of incorporation. As a highly significant and timely contribution to the study of the interplay between insurance regulation and tax implications, this very original work will prove of especial value to practitioners in international tax and insurance law, as well as professionals in the financial services sector and tax academics.


Special Features of the UN Model Convention

Special Features of the UN Model Convention
Author: Anna Binder
Publisher: Linde Verlag GmbH
Total Pages: 664
Release: 2019-10-01
Genre: Law
ISBN: 3709410398

Download Special Features of the UN Model Convention Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle

Detailed research on the UN Model Convention’s unique features The UN Model Convention has a significant influence on international tax treaty practice and is especially used by emerging and developing countries as a starting point for treaty negotiations. Driven by the aim to achieve consistency in the international tax treaty practice, the structure and content is, to a large extent, similar in the UN Model and the OECD Model. However, whereas the OECD has historically focused its efforts on issues mainly relevant for developed countries, the UN Tax Committee has continuously attempted to specifically take into account tax treaty policies for developing countries when drafting and amending the UN Model Convention. Compared to the OECD Model Convention, the UN Model Convention aims at giving more weight to the source principle. Popular examples are the PE definition in the UN Model which provides for a lower threshold than Article 5 of the OECD Model or Article 12A on Fees for Technical Services which has been introduced with the latest amendment of the UN Model Convention 2017 and allows for a withholding tax to be levied on payments to non-residents when the payer of the fee is a resident of that contracting State irrespective of where the services are provided. Interestingly, in the discussions of the tax challenges arising from the digitalization of the economy, the OECD and the G20 are also exploring options to allocate more taxing rights to the jurisdiction of the customer and/or user, i.e., the ‘market jurisdictions’. As this has traditionally been the focus of the UN Model Convention, its unique features and developing countries’ practices could be taken into account when exploring new nexus rules that are not constrained by the physical presence requirement. This book contains the master’s theses of the full-time LL.M. program 2018-2019 for which ‘Special Features of the UN Model Convention’ has been chosen as the general topic. With this book, the authors and editors do not aim at discussing each article of the UN Model Convention but rather focus on the unique features of the UN Model Convention, which are explored in detail. This is supplemented with an evaluation of the function and relevance of the UN Tax Committee in the international tax policy discussion and with an analysis of the influences of the OECD's BEPS project on the UN Model.he OECD's BEPS project on the UN Model.


The Future of the Profit Split Method

The Future of the Profit Split Method
Author: Gabriella Cappelleri
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
Total Pages: 341
Release: 2020-11-23
Genre: Law
ISBN: 9403524316

Download The Future of the Profit Split Method Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle

The Future of the Profit Split Method Edited by Robert Danon, Guglielmo Maisto, Vikram Chand & Gabriella Cappelleri Among the various transfer pricing methods, the profit split method (PSM) is under the spotlight after the OECD’s Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) project. However, both expert analysis and experience indicate that this method is not straightforward either for taxpayers to apply or for tax administrations to evaluate. In this thorough and detailed commentary – the first book to analyse this increasingly adopted transfer pricing method – notable scholars and practitioners working in the international tax community express their views on the method, answering some unresolved questions and highlighting issues that are still open and pending, especially in light of the digitalization of the economy. Crucial issues covered by the contributors include the following: choice of the appropriate splitting factors, their relative weights, and valuation of the contributions; uncertainties and outcomes potentially not aligned with the arm’s-length standard; possible role of assessments made by the European Commission on State aid; nexus with the work done by the EU Joint Transfer Pricing Forum; impact of profit split on indirect taxes (VAT/customs tax/excise tax); and application to digital business models and, in general, to the digitalized economy. Moreover, relevant experience of applying this method in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States is provided. A concluding chapter also deals with selected industry experiences. Due to a high level of uncertainty in alignment with international guidance in the application of the PSM – and to the underdeveloped nature of current literature on the subject – there is a need for this book because both tax administrations and taxpayers, going forward, will apply the PSM extensively. The book is highly relevant for policymakers, tax administrations, practitioners and academics engaged in the areas of international taxation, transfer pricing and tax policy.