Atomization Of A Liquid Water Jet In Crossflow At Varying Hot Temperatures For High Speed Engine And Stratospheric Aerosol Injection Applications PDF Download
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Author | : Luke Alan Caetano |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2022 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Download Atomization of a Liquid Water Jet in Crossflow at Varying Hot Temperatures for High-speed Engine and Stratospheric Aerosol Injection Applications Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This paper aims to study how varying crossflow burning temperatures from 1100 C to 1800 C affect the liquid droplet breakup, size distribution, and atomization of a liquid water jet injected into a vitiated crossflow. The LJIC injection mechanism was implemented using the high-pressure axially staged combustion facility at the University of Central Florida. The measurement devices used to gather particle data from the exhaust plume were the TSI Aerodynamic Particle Sizer (APS), which measures particles between 0.523 [micrometer] and 20 [micrometer], and the Sensirion SPS30 (SPS30), which measures particles between 0.3 [micrometer] and 10 [micrometer]. Both measurement devices were placed 3 ft away from the choked exit. Table 3 shows that the 1800 C crossflow temperature behaved as predicted by having the largest particle distribution of 67.97% and the largest particle count of 19,301 at 0.523 [micrometer]. The 1100 C crossflow produced the second-largest normalized particle count of 66.69% and raw particle count of 20,209 at 0.523 [micrometer]. This result is contrary to the original hypothesis because it shows that the relationship between temperature and particle count is nonlinear and that many other factors must be at play in the atomization process, such as the droplet distribution at the nano level. The SPS30 was used to compare the particle size distributions between a 1500 C and 1800 C crossflow. Acquiring number concentration data for particles up to 10 [micrometer] in size, the 1800 C crossflow had a distribution peak at 802.76416 N/cm3, and the 1500 C crossflow had a peak of 867.28272 N/cm3. For the 0.5 [micrometer] peak, The 1800 C had a 10 [micrometer] particle size distribution peak at 674.27.76416 N/cm3, and the 1500C crossflow had a peak of 730.501 N/cm3. The decreased number concentration from 1500 C to 1800 C case grants the water particles in the 1800 C crossflow increased surface area, which allows for increased heat exposure from the vitiated crossflow [7]. Despite some nonlinear particle count results, the highest crossflow temperature of 1800 C produces the best atomization results by reducing the total particle count and having the largest collection of particles at the lowest detectable particle size of 0.523 [micrometer].
Author | : Sina Ghods |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 86 |
Release | : 2013 |
Genre | : Atomization |
ISBN | : |
Download Detailed Numerical Simulation of Liquid Jet in Crossflow Atomization with High Density Ratios Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The atomization of a liquid jet by a high speed cross-flowing gas has many applications such as gas turbines and augmentors. The mechanisms by which the liquid jet initially breaks up, however, are not well understood. Experimental studies suggest the dependence of spray properties on operating conditions and nozzle geometry. Detailed numerical simulations can offer better understanding of the underlying physical mechanisms that lead to the breakup of the injected liquid jet. In this work, detailed numerical simulation results of turbulent liquid jets injected into turbulent gaseous cross flows for different density ratios is presented. A finite volume, balanced force fractional step flow solver to solve the Navier-Stokes equations is employed and coupled to a Refined Level Set Grid method to follow the phase interface. To enable the simulation of atomization of high density ratio fluids, we ensure discrete consistency between the solution of the conservative momentum equation and the level set based continuity equation by employing the Consistent Rescaled Momentum Transport (CRMT) method. The impact of different inflow jet boundary conditions on different jet properties including jet penetration is analyzed and results are compared to those obtained experimentally by Brown & McDonell(2006). In addition, instability analysis is performed to find the most dominant insta- bility mechanism that causes the liquid jet to breakup. Linear instability analysis is achieved using linear theories for Rayleigh-Taylor and Kelvin- Helmholtz instabilities and non-linear analysis is performed using our flow solver with different inflow jet boundary conditions.
Author | : Jason Edward Seay |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 166 |
Release | : 1995 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Download Atomization and Dispersion of a Liquid Jet Injected Into a Crossflow of Air Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : L.P. Bayvel |
Publisher | : Routledge |
Total Pages | : 476 |
Release | : 2019-01-22 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 1351434969 |
Download Liquid Atomization Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Covering the basics of liquid atomization, this book familiarizes readers with the physical processes of liquid atomization, the main types of atomizers and their design, measurements of spray characteristics, experimental investigations of atomizers, and application of atomizers. It demonstrates how to calculate and design atomizers and how to mea
Author | : Amirreza Amighi |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : |
Release | : 2015 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Download Liquid Jet in Crossflow at Elevated Temperatures and Pressures Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : Arthur Lefebvre |
Publisher | : CRC Press |
Total Pages | : 440 |
Release | : 1988-12-01 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 9780891166030 |
Download Atomization and Sprays Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Atomization and Sprays examines the atomization of liquids and characteristics of sprays. It explains the physical processes of atomization as well as guidelines for designing atomizers. In addition, it demonstrates how the importance of the size and velocity of a particle contributes to improved spray characterization. Coverage includes general considerations, drop size distribution of sprays, flow in atomizers, atomizer performance, external spray characteristics, drop evaporation, and drop sizing methods.
Author | : Arthur H. Lefebvre |
Publisher | : CRC Press |
Total Pages | : 284 |
Release | : 2017-03-27 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 1498736262 |
Download Atomization and Sprays Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The second edition of this long-time bestseller provides a framework for designing and understanding sprays for a wide array of engineering applications. The text contains correlations and design tools that can be easily understood and used in relating the design of atomizers to the resulting spray behavior. Written to be accessible to readers with a modest technical background, the emphasis is on application rather than in-depth theory. Numerous examples are provided to serve as starting points for using the information in the book. Overall, this is a thoroughly updated edition that still retains the practical focus and readability of the original work by Arthur Lefebvre.
Author | : Paul B. Gooderum |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 60 |
Release | : 1972 |
Genre | : Aerodynamics |
ISBN | : |
Download Atomization, Drop Size, and Penetration for Cross-stream Water Injection at High-altitude Reentry Conditions with Application to the RAM C-I and C-III Flights Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Atomization, drop size, and penetration data are presented for cross stream water injection at conditions simulating high altitude reentry (low Weber number, high static temperature, high Knudsen number, and low static pressure). These results are applied to the RAM C-1 and C-3 flights. Two primary breakup modes are considered, vapor pressure or flashing and aerodynamic atomization. Results are given for breakup boundaries and mean drop size for each of these atomization mechanisms. Both standard and flight orifice geometries are investigated. The data were obtained in both a static environment and in conventional aerodynamic facilities at Mach numbers of 4.5 and 8. The high temperature aspects of reentry were simulated in a Mach 5.5 cyanogen-oxygen tunnel with total temperature of 4500 K.
Author | : Arvindh R. Sharma |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 139 |
Release | : 2015 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Download Liquid Jet in Oscillating Crossflow Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
An experimental investigation of response characteristics of a liquid jet in oscillating crossflow is undertaken to understand the behavior of a liquid fuel spray in the presence of combustion instabilities. The effect of crossflow oscillations on the liquid jet is studied in the near-field (within x/d[approximately equal]8) and the far-field (x/d[approximately equal]50) spray region. Experiments are conducted in bag breakup, multimode and shear breakup regimes by varying crossflow Weber number from 18 to 250, while momentum flux ratio is varied between 10 and 30. The crossflow is modulated in the frequency range of 90 Hz to 450 Hz, with modulation level varying between 5% and 20%, using a mechanical modulating device. High speed shadowgraph is employed to study the near-field and far-field spray movement while intensified high-speed camera images of laser Mie-scattering intensity are utilized in studying the spray cross-section in the far-field. A technique to extract time-varying momentum flux ratio from the windward trajectory of liquid jet in the near-field is developed. The response of near-field spray is quantified in terms of a ratio of the observed momentum flux ratio extracted from a correlation of upper penetration to the expected momentum flux ratio corresponding to the instantaneous crossflow velocity. The liquid jet penetration is found to respond to oscillations in the crossflow at all oscillation frequencies in the near-field. The strength of the response is found to be mainly dependent on the crossflow oscillation frequency, with the strength of response decreasing with increase in frequency. The momentum flux ratio and the modulation level are found to have relatively negligible effects on the level of normalized spray response. The spray response in the far-field is studied by observing the high-speed shadowgraphs and Mie-scattering intensity images at an axial distance of x/d=50. The spray field in the axial location is divided into ten bins and the intensity change in each bin is analyzed to quantify spray response. The spray is found to respond to crossflow oscillations by exhibiting a "flapping" behavior in the far-field. The binning method and Mie-scattering intensity image analysis suggest that the spray oscillation decreases with increasing crossflow frequency. The spray width and height fluctuate in the spray cross-section in the presence of crossflow oscillation. The amplitude of spray height fluctuation is higher in low frequency crossflow, and decreases with an increase in frequency. The total Mie-scattering intensity in the cross-section also exhibits a periodic response to crossflow oscillation, suggesting that the droplet characteristics are affected by crossflow fluctuation. The liquid spray near-field and far-field study indicates that the crossflow oscillation frequency plays a large role in determining spray response.
Author | : Samir B. Tambe |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 149 |
Release | : 2010 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Download Liquid Jets Injected Into Non-uniform Crossflow Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
An experimental study has been conducted with liquid jets injected transversely into a crossflow to study the effect of non-uniformities in the crossflow velocity distribution to the jet behavior. Two different non-uniform crossflows were created during this work, a shear-laden crossflow and a swirling crossflow. The shear-laden crossflow was generated by merging two independent, co-directional, parallel airstreams creating a shear mixing layer at the interface between them. The crossflow exhibited a quasi-linear velocity gradient across the height of the test chamber. By varying the velocities of the two airstreams, the sense and the slope of the crossflow velocity gradient could be changed. Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) studies were conducted to characterize the crossflow. The parameter, UR, is defined as the ratio of the velocities of the two streams and governs the velocity gradient. A positive velocity gradient was observed for UR> 1 and a negative velocity gradient for UR 1. PIV and Phase Doppler Particle Anemometry (PDPA) studies were conducted to study the penetration and atomization of 0.5 mm diameter water jets injected into this crossflow. The crossflow velocity gradient was observed to have a significant effect on jet penetration as well as the post breakup spray. For high UR ( 1), jet penetration increased and the Sauter Mean Diameter (SMD) distribution became more uniform. For low UR (