Atomic Structure of Clusters Through Chemical Reactions
Author | : |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 20 |
Release | : 1991 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
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Author | : |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 20 |
Release | : 1991 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Author | : |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 20 |
Release | : 1991 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Techniques for the probing of isolated metal cluster structure through adsorbate binding patterns will be described. The saturation of clusters with reagents such as ammonia and nitrogen provides information on the number of preferred binding sites for these reagents. The dependence of this number on cluster size can suggest particular structural themes. The equilibrium reaction with water can be used to identify cluster sizes having especially enhanced binding for the water molecule. Again, the sequence of cluster sizes showing such enhancement can point to specific cluster structure. The reaction with oxygen can identify cluster sizes having particularly high ionization potentials, and these can be compared to simple models for the electronic structure of metal clusters. Representative applications of these probes to iron, cobalt, nickel, and copper clusters will be discussed. 5 figs.
Author | : Elliot R. Bernstein |
Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
Total Pages | : 272 |
Release | : 1996-06-06 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 019535821X |
This book covers important new developments of the last five years in the area of cluster chemistry, presenting an excellent view of the successes and shortcomings of both current state-of-the-art theory and experiment. Each chapter, contributed by a leading expert, places heavy emphasis on theory without which the detailed analysis of the spectroscopic and kinetic results would be compromised. The cluster reactions reviewed in this work include electron and proton transfer reactions, hot atom reactions, vibrational predissociation, radical reactions, and ionic reactions. Some of the theories applied throughout the text are product state distribution determinations, state-to-state dynamical information, and access to the transition stage of the reaction. The discussions serve as a benchmark of how far the field has come since the mid 1980's and will be a good update for students and researchers interested in this area of physical chemistry.
Author | : Julius Jellinek |
Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 444 |
Release | : 1999 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 9783540620006 |
The book summarises contemporary knowledge about the theory of atomic and molecular clusters. New results are discussed on a high theoretical level. Access to this field of research is given by an explanation of the various subjects in introductory chapters.
Author | : Hellmut Haberland |
Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 435 |
Release | : 2013-11-11 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 3642843298 |
Clusters of Atoms and Molecules I is devoted to theoretical concepts and experimental techniques important in the rapidly expanding field of cluster science. Cluster properties are dicussed for clusters composed of alkali metals, semiconductors, transition metals, carbon, oxides and halides of alkali metals, rare gases, and neutral molecules. The book contains several well-integrated treatments, all prepared by experts. Each contribution starts out as simple as possible and ends with the latest results, so that the book can serve as a text for a course, an introduction into the field, or as a reference book for the expert.
Author | : Peru Jena |
Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 1414 |
Release | : 2013-11-11 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 9401726450 |
Recent innovations in experimental techniques such as molecular and cluster beam epitaxy, supersonic jet expansion, matrix isolation and chemical synthesis are increasingly enabling researchers to produce materials by design and with atomic dimension. These materials constrained by sire, shape, and symmetry range from clusters containing as few as two atoms to nanoscale materials consisting of thousands of atoms. They possess unique structuraI, electronic, magnetic and optical properties that depend strongly on their size and geometry. The availability of these materials raises many fundamental questions as weIl as technological possibilities. From the academic viewpoint, the most pertinent question concerns the evolution of the atomic and electronic structure of the system as it grows from micro clusters to crystals. At what stage, for example, does the cluster look as if it is a fragment of the corresponding crystal. How do electrons forming bonds in micro-clusters transform to bands in solids? How do the size dependent properties change from discrete quantum conditions, as in clusters, to boundary constrained bulk conditions, as in nanoscale materials, to bulk conditions insensitive to boundaries? How do the criteria of classification have to be changed as one goes from one size domain to another? Potential for high technological applications also seem to be endless. Clusters of otherwise non-magnetic materials exhibit magnetic behavior when constrained by size, shape, and dimension. NanoscaIe metal particles exhibit non-linear opticaI properties and increased mechanical strength. SimiIarly, materials made from nanoscale ceramic particIes possess plastic behavior.
Author | : Arthur Stoll |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 20 |
Release | : 1959 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Kenneth J. Klabunde |
Publisher | : Elsevier |
Total Pages | : 325 |
Release | : 2012-12-02 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 0080924069 |
This book presents coherent and systematic coverage of the broad and dynamic field of free atom and cluster atom chemistry. The text provides a comprehensive overview of the current literature and describes the mostimportant experimental techniques developed since 1980 including bimetallic clusters/catalysts, carbon clusters (fullerenes) and trapped single atoms. Metal atoms, clusters, and particles are covered in sequence with the Periodic Table.
Author | : Ambrish Kumar Srivastava |
Publisher | : Frontiers Media SA |
Total Pages | : 108 |
Release | : 2022-01-03 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 2889719200 |
Author | : Boris M. Smirnov |
Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 299 |
Release | : 2012-12-06 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 1461212944 |
Not merely a discussion of small particles or clusters of atoms, molecules, but also the systems they constitute. The goal is to analyse the properties of such finite aggregates and their behaviour in gases and plasmas, and to investigate processes that involve such clusters, based on lectures and seminar problems for graduates. The main part of the book includes more than 200 problems, covering collisions, charge transfer, chemical reactions, condensed systems and their structures, kinetics of cluster growth, excited clusters, the transition from clusters to bulk particles, and small particles, dust, and aerosols in plasmas. Reference data for corresponding parameters of systems under consideration is given in the appendices. Of interest to physicists, astrophysicists, and chemists.