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Asymmetric Volatility and Risk in Equity Markets

Asymmetric Volatility and Risk in Equity Markets
Author: Geert Bekaert
Publisher:
Total Pages: 76
Release: 1997
Genre: Investments
ISBN:

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It appears that volatility in equity markets is asymmetric: returns and conditional volatility are negatively correlated. We provide a unified framework to simultaneously investigate asymmetric volatility at the firm and the market level and to examine two potential explanations of the asymmetry: leverage effects and time-varying risk premiums. Our empirical application uses the market portfolio and portfolios with different leverage constructed from Nikkei 225 stocks, extending the empirical evidence on asymmetry to Japanese stocks. Although volatility asymmetry is present and significant at the market and the portfolio levels, its source differs across portfolios. We find that it is important to include leverage ratios in the volatility dynamics but that their economic effects are mostly dwarfed by the volatility feedback mechanism. Volatility feedback is enhanced by a phenomenon that we term covariance asymmetry: conditional covariances with the market increase only significantly following negative market news. We do not find significant asymmetries in conditional betas.


Asymmetric Volatility in Equity Markets Around the World

Asymmetric Volatility in Equity Markets Around the World
Author: Jone Horpestad
Publisher:
Total Pages: 31
Release: 2018
Genre:
ISBN:

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The observation that price declines usually lead to volatility increases is known as the asymmetric volatility effect and has become a stylized fact about the financial markets. We study asymmetric volatility effect in 19 equity indices from North America, Latin America, Europe, Asia and Australia, utilizing not only daily data and four GARCH class models, but also realized volatility calculated from high-frequency data within HAR class models. We first confirm the stylized fact that stock market indices around the world exhibit the asymmetric volatility effect. This effect is stronger for US and European market indices. Second, we find that the asymmetric volatility effect is strong enough to significantly improve out-of-sample forecasts of an accurate HAR volatility model. Third, we show that forecast improvements of the asymmetric volatility models are largest during periods of higher market volatility, when accurate volatility forecasts matter the most.


Extreme Asymmetric Volatility, Leverage, Feedback and Asset Prices

Extreme Asymmetric Volatility, Leverage, Feedback and Asset Prices
Author: Sofiane Aboura
Publisher:
Total Pages: 62
Release: 2015
Genre:
ISBN:

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Asymmetric volatility in equity markets has been widely documented in finance, where two competing explanations, as considered in Bekaert and Wu (2000), are the financial leverage and the volatility feedback hypothesis. We explicitly test for the role of both hypotheses in explaining extreme daily U.S. equity market movements during the period January 1990 to September 2008. To this aim, we examine asymmetric volatility based on a novel model of market returns, implied market volatility and volatility of volatility. We then test for extreme asymmetry and the distinct predictions of both hypotheses. Our results document significant extreme asymmetric volatility. This effect is contemporaneous, consistent with both hypotheses, and it is important for large market declines. We further derive aggregate asset pricing implications under extreme volatility feedback. Given our results, asymmetric volatility, which includes the effect of volatility feedback at extreme levels, is shown to play an important role in explaining substantial equity market declines.


Extreme Asymmetric Volatility

Extreme Asymmetric Volatility
Author: Sofiane Aboura
Publisher:
Total Pages: 43
Release: 2015
Genre:
ISBN:

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Asymmetric volatility in equity markets has been widely documented in finance (Bekaert and Wu (2000)). We study asymmetric volatility for daily Samp;P 500 index returns and VIX index changes, thereby examining the relation between extreme changes in risk-neutral volatility expectations, i.e. market stress, and aggregate asset prices. To this aim, we model market returns, implied VIX market volatility and volatility of volatility, showing that the latter is asymmetric in that past positive volatility shocks drive positive shocks to volatility of volatility. Our main result documents the existence of a significant extreme asymmetric volatility effect as we find contemporaneous volatility-return tail dependence for crashes but not for booms. We then outline aggregate market price implications of extreme asymmetric volatility, indicating that under volatility feedback a one-in-a-hundred trading day innovation to average VIX implied volatility, for example, relates to an expected market drop of more than 4 percent.


Asymmetric Dependence in Finance

Asymmetric Dependence in Finance
Author: Jamie Alcock
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 314
Release: 2018-02-02
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1119289009

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Avoid downturn vulnerability by managing correlation dependency Asymmetric Dependence in Finance examines the risks and benefits of asset correlation, and provides effective strategies for more profitable portfolio management. Beginning with a thorough explanation of the extent and nature of asymmetric dependence in the financial markets, this book delves into the practical measures fund managers and investors can implement to boost fund performance. From managing asymmetric dependence using Copulas, to mitigating asymmetric dependence risk in real estate, credit and CTA markets, the discussion presents a coherent survey of the state-of-the-art tools available for measuring and managing this difficult but critical issue. Many funds suffered significant losses during recent downturns, despite having a seemingly well-diversified portfolio. Empirical evidence shows that the relation between assets is much richer than previously thought, and correlation between returns is dependent on the state of the market; this book explains this asymmetric dependence and provides authoritative guidance on mitigating the risks. Examine an options-based approach to limiting your portfolio's downside risk Manage asymmetric dependence in larger portfolios and alternate asset classes Get up to speed on alternative portfolio performance management methods Improve fund performance by applying appropriate models and quantitative techniques Correlations between assets increase markedly during market downturns, leading to diversification failure at the very moment it is needed most. The 2008 Global Financial Crisis and the 2006 hedge-fund crisis provide vivid examples, and many investors still bear the scars of heavy losses from their well-managed, well-diversified portfolios. Asymmetric Dependence in Finance shows you what went wrong, and how it can be corrected and managed before the next big threat using the latest methods and models from leading research in quantitative finance.


Asymmetric Volatility Risk

Asymmetric Volatility Risk
Author: Jens Carsten Jackwerth
Publisher:
Total Pages: 34
Release: 2018
Genre:
ISBN:

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Asymmetric volatility concerns the relation of returns to future expected volatility. Much is known from option prices about the marginal risk-neutral distributions of S&P 500 returns and of relative changes in future expected volatility (VIX). While the bivariate risk-neutral distribution cannot be inferred from the marginals, we propose a novel identification based on long-dated index options. We estimate the risk-neutral asymmetric volatility implied correlation and find it to be significantly lower than its realized counterpart. We interpret the economics of the asymmetric volatility correlation risk premium and use asymmetric volatility implied correlation to predict returns, volatility, and risk-neutral quantities.