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Assessing Ocular Toxicology in Laboratory Animals

Assessing Ocular Toxicology in Laboratory Animals
Author: Andrea B Weir
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 327
Release: 2012-12-04
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1627031642

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Ocular toxicity is routinely assessed in toxicology studies conducted for regulatory purposes. Ocular anatomy and physiology and the assessment of ocular toxicity itself can be challenging to scientists involved in the safety assessment of pharmaceuticals, pesticides and other agents. Anatomical and physiological differences between species can impact the nature of ocular effects observed following intended or unintended exposure of ocular tissues to xenobiotics. Ocular Toxicity in Laboratory Animals provides a concise reference addressing ocular anatomy and physiology across species that will enhance the design and interpretation of toxicology studies conducted for regulatory purposes. The book provides an overview of routine and advanced techniques that are used to assess ocular toxicity including slit lamp biomicroscopy, indirect ophthalmoscopy, electrophysiology and imaging methods for the anterior and posterior segments of the eye. Additionally, the book defines the regulatory expectations for pharmaceuticals intended to treat ocular diseases and for other non-pharmaceutical regulated chemicals. With contributions from experts in the field, Ocular Toxicity in Laboratory Animals is an authoritative, accessible guide for toxicologists and other scientists involved in conducting toxicology studies for regulatory purposes and/or reviewing data from such studies.


Standards for Ocular Toxicology and Inflammation

Standards for Ocular Toxicology and Inflammation
Author: Brian C. Gilger
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 212
Release: 2018-08-31
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 3319783645

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This book is an international effort to standardize the language, terms, and methods used in ocular toxicology.With over 300 color illustrations this consensus volume provides standards and harmonization for procedures, terminology, and scoring schemes for ocular toxicology. it is essential for industry, pharmaceutical companies, and governmental agencies to help improve the drug development process and to reduce and refine the use of animals in research. Standards for Ocular Toxicology and Inflammation is endorsed by the American College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists.


Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals

Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 246
Release: 2011-01-27
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0309154006

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A respected resource for decades, the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals has been updated by a committee of experts, taking into consideration input from the scientific and laboratory animal communities and the public at large. The Guide incorporates new scientific information on common laboratory animals, including aquatic species, and includes extensive references. It is organized around major components of animal use: Key concepts of animal care and use. The Guide sets the framework for the humane care and use of laboratory animals. Animal care and use program. The Guide discusses the concept of a broad Program of Animal Care and Use, including roles and responsibilities of the Institutional Official, Attending Veterinarian and the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Animal environment, husbandry, and management. A chapter on this topic is now divided into sections on terrestrial and aquatic animals and provides recommendations for housing and environment, husbandry, behavioral and population management, and more. Veterinary care. The Guide discusses veterinary care and the responsibilities of the Attending Veterinarian. It includes recommendations on animal procurement and transportation, preventive medicine (including animal biosecurity), and clinical care and management. The Guide addresses distress and pain recognition and relief, and issues surrounding euthanasia. Physical plant. The Guide identifies design issues, providing construction guidelines for functional areas; considerations such as drainage, vibration and noise control, and environmental monitoring; and specialized facilities for animal housing and research needs. The Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals provides a framework for the judgments required in the management of animal facilities. This updated and expanded resource of proven value will be important to scientists and researchers, veterinarians, animal care personnel, facilities managers, institutional administrators, policy makers involved in research issues, and animal welfare advocates.


Ocular Toxicology

Ocular Toxicology
Author: Keith Green
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 365
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1461518873

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On behalf of the editorial board and the organizing committee of the 4th congress of the International Society of Ocular Toxicology (I SOT), held in AnnecyNeyrier du Lac, France, October 9 -13, 1994, we are pleased to present to the ocular toxicology community this indexed volume of our congress proceedings. The 4th congress was designed primarily to facilitate and update the knowledge in ocular electrophysiology and ocular pharmacokinetics, in both the clinical and preclinical aspects. The outcome of this 4th congress, established in this volume, is a useful contribution to the meth odology in both fields and will hopefully assist in the evaluation and interpretation of ocular findings recorded in animal studies on drugs and other chemicals, in order to protect human health. Undoubtedly, work on the mechanisms of ocular toxicology in the process of pharmaceutical development must continue and these proceedings, embodying the presented papers, will add to the data base. The editors, the congress organizing committee and the members of the International Society of Ocular Toxicology thank the speakers who gave their time, knowledge, and expertise to assist us in this project. The following manuscripts contain the main substance of each of the platform presentations and, in some cases, much more. Moreover, our thanks go to all the participants coming from a range of background- regulatory, academic and industrial -for their attention and excellent contributions during the discussion.


Ophthalmic Toxicology

Ophthalmic Toxicology
Author: G. C. Y. Chiou
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 379
Release: 1999-07-01
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1439809984

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Thoroughly revised and updates, this new edition of Ophthalmic Toxicology retains its uniqueness in covering all aspects of ophthalmic toxicology. With chapters from leading authorities incorporating the latest developments in the field, including a new chapter on the molecular basis of ophthalmic toxicity, this edition covers such topics as: *t


Atlas of Toxicological Pathology

Atlas of Toxicological Pathology
Author: Chirukandath Gopinath
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 291
Release: 2014-05-13
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1627039988

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This atlas contains more than 700 illustrations that the authors have collected over the years as well as references and information pertaining to recently developed drug classes, including biologics. It is a useful bench reference for practicing pathologists and may also be used as a reference text by other experts from related fields. The atlas is organised into different chapters based on systemic pathology. Each chapter has illustrations with legends, and the atlas includes some rare examples of unique lesions found during toxicity studies over many years.


The Clinical Chemistry of Laboratory Animals

The Clinical Chemistry of Laboratory Animals
Author: David M. Kurtz
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 1685
Release: 2017-10-18
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1351643096

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Key features: Serves as the detailed, authoritative source of the clinical chemistry of the most commonly used laboratory animals Includes detailed chapters dedicated to descriptions of clinical chemistry-related topics specific to each laboratory species as well as organ/class-specific chapters Presents information regarding evaluation and interpretation of a variety of individual clinical chemistry end points Concludes with detailed chapters dedicated to descriptions of statistical analyses and biomarker development of clinical chemistry-related topics Provides extensive reference lists at the end of each chapter to facilitate further study Extensively updated and expanded since the publication of Walter F. Loeb and Fred W. Quimby’s second edition in 1999, the new The Clinical Chemistry of Laboratory Animals, Third Edition continues as the most comprehensive reference on in vivo animal studies. By organizing the book into species- and organ/class-specific chapters, this book provides information to enable a conceptual understanding of clinical chemistry across laboratory species as well as information on evaluation and interpretation of clinical chemistry data relevant to specific organ systems. Now sponsored by the American College of Laboratory Animal Medicine (ACLAM), this well-respected resource includes chapters on multiple laboratory species and provides pertinent information on their unique physiological characteristics, methods for sample collection, and preanalytical sources of variation for the particular species. Basic methodology for common procedures for each species is also discussed. New Chapters in the Third Edition Include: The Laboratory Zebrafish and Other Fishes Evaluation of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Function and Injury Evaluation of Skeletal Muscle Function and Injury Evaluation of Bone Function and Injury Vitamins Development of Biomarkers Statistical Methods The Clinical Chemistry of Laboratory Animals, Third Edition is intended as a reference for use by veterinary students, clinical veterinarians, verterinary toxicologists, veterinary clinical pathologists, and laboratory animal veterinarians to aid in study design, collection of samples, and interpretation of clinical chemistry data for laboratory species.


Principles and Procedures for Evaluating the Toxicity of Household Substances

Principles and Procedures for Evaluating the Toxicity of Household Substances
Author: National Research Council (U.S.). Committee for the Revision of NAS publication 1138, Principles and Procedures for Evaluating the Toxicity of Household Substances
Publisher:
Total Pages: 148
Release: 1977
Genre: Medical
ISBN:

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OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals / OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Guidance Document on the Recognition, Assessment and Use of Clinical Signs as Human Endpoints for Experimental Animals Used in Safety Evaluation

OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals / OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Guidance Document on the Recognition, Assessment and Use of Clinical Signs as Human Endpoints for Experimental Animals Used in Safety Evaluation
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Total Pages: 39
Release: 2002-05-10
Genre:
ISBN: 9264078371

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The purpose of this Guidance Document is to apply the principles of the Three Rs to the use of animals in regulatory toxicity tests.


Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research

Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 223
Release: 2003-08-22
Genre: Science
ISBN: 030916785X

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Expanding on the National Research Council's Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, this book deals specifically with mammals in neuroscience and behavioral research laboratories. It offers flexible guidelines for the care of these animals, and guidance on adapting these guidelines to various situations without hindering the research process. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research offers a more in-depth treatment of concerns specific to these disciplines than any previous guide on animal care and use. It treats on such important subjects as: The important role that the researcher and veterinarian play in developing animal protocols. Methods for assessing and ensuring an animal's well-being. General animal-care elements as they apply to neuroscience and behavioral research, and common animal welfare challenges this research can pose. The use of professional judgment and careful interpretation of regulations and guidelines to develop performance standards ensuring animal well-being and high-quality research. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research treats the development and evaluation of animal-use protocols as a decision-making process, not just a decision. To this end, it presents the most current, in-depth information about the best practices for animal care and use, as they pertain to the intricacies of neuroscience and behavioral research.