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Antitrust Law in Brazil

Antitrust Law in Brazil
Author: Eduardo Molan Gaban
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
Total Pages: 448
Release: 2011-12-05
Genre: Law
ISBN: 9041142940

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This book highlights the case of Brazil, a major economic player among developing countries. In seventeen years of enforcing the Brazilian Antitrust Law, Brazil’s Administrative Council for Economic Defence (CADE) has achieved outstanding results and has been recognized as the most effective antitrust enforcement agency in the developing world. This book is the first to describe and analyse the workings and case law of the CADE, emphasizing the agency’s fundamental methodology and focusing on the contributory roles of such factors as the following: mechanisms and procedures of enforcement of the Antitrust Law in Brazil; methodologies (tests) used for antitrust assessment (for merger and conduct controls); evaluation of barriers to entry and rivalry in analysed markets; assessment of proof and circumstantial evidence within CADE case law and court decisions; examination of rational justifications for practices under investigation; legality of exchange of information; leniency agreements; cease and desist agreements; cultural issues and modifications; civil and criminal enforcement; private damages considerations; and the role of international and regional competition law regimes (OECD, UNCTAD, WTO, ICN, Mercosur). The book’s consolidated research on Brazil’s cartel investigations clearly describes the main defence theories and the courts’ decisions. The authors also explore the relationship of Brazil’s antitrust law to the country’s public policies in the areas of consumer rights, public procurement, and measures against corruption, with special emphasis on the synergies arising from antitrust law and consumer protection. It is worth noting that the studies carried out in this book discussed Law No. 8884/94 (Brazilian Antitrust Law) and the New Brazilian Antitrust Law, which was passed on 5 October 2011 and which will be enforced in 2012. With its unique synthesis of constitutional law, comparative antitrust law, and CADE’s case law, this book will be welcomed by competition lawyers and other parties interested in methods and procedures used in merger and conduct control, and especially in anti-cartel enforcement, in developing countries.


Competition Law in Brazil

Competition Law in Brazil
Author: José Inácio Gonzaga Franceschini
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
Total Pages: 200
Release: 2017-04-24
Genre: Law
ISBN: 9041187588

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Derived from the renowned multi-volume International Encyclopaedia of Laws, this practical analysis of competition law and its interpretation in Brazil covers every aspect of the subject – the various forms of restrictive agreements and abuse of dominance prohibited by law and the rules on merger control; tests of illegality; filing obligations; administrative investigation and enforcement procedures; civil remedies and criminal penalties; and raising challenges to administrative decisions. Lawyers who handle transnational commercial transactions will appreciate the explanation of fundamental differences in procedure from one legal system to another, as well as the international aspects of competition law. Throughout the book, the treatment emphasizes enforcement, with relevant cases analysed where appropriate. An informative introductory chapter provides detailed information on the economic, legal, and historical background, including national and international sources, scope of application, an overview of substantive provisions and main notions, and a comprehensive description of the enforcement system including private enforcement. The book proceeds to a detailed analysis of substantive prohibitions, including cartels and other horizontal agreements, vertical restraints, the various types of abusive conduct by the dominant firms and the appraisal of concentrations, and then goes on to the administrative enforcement of competition law, with a focus on the antitrust authorities’ powers of investigation and the right of defence of suspected companies. This part also covers voluntary merger notifications and clearance decisions, as well as a description of the judicial review of administrative decisions. Its succinct yet scholarly nature, as well as the practical quality of the information it provides, make this book a valuable time-saving tool for business and legal professionals alike. Lawyers representing parties with interests in Brazil will welcome this very useful guide, and academics and researchers will appreciate its value in the study of international and comparative competition law.


Women in Antitrust

Women in Antitrust
Author: Verônica de Castro Lameira
Publisher: Editora Singular
Total Pages: 151
Release: 2023-11-05
Genre: Law
ISBN: 6586352924

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This is the first international book of the Women in Antitrust Network and we could not be more grateful for the opportunity to carry out this project and happier with the result. The ambition to organize a book written by women from different countries and nationalities rose from the success of the national book "Mulheres no Antitruste", which is already in its 6th edition, as well as from the WIA's dream of expanding the reach of its projects and introducing them to women from antitrust academic community outside Brazil. Aiming to understand and pursue the most recent discussions on Antitrust Law in different jurisdictions, we invited brilliant authors to contribute with unpublished articles about topics they considered most relevant and pertinent. Furthermore, in order to cover even more recent topics, with subjects still under discussion, we included a section in the book dedicated to shorter and already published articles and papers in order to make the book updated and informative. Thus, the WIA Network's first international book brings new and relevant contributions to the academic antitrust community, while highlighting recent discussions, which can encourage readers to develop new studies and research. The authors were selected amongst women who are dedicated to understanding and resolving relevant issues of Antitrust Law and were essential to the achievement of this project. To this end, this book went through a long process, taking two years of dedication from the WIA Academic Coordination. We have selected the invited authors, sent the invitations, organized the agendas to meet the authors' deadlines, chosen the articles already published – which make up the Session 2 of the book – and, finally, analyzed, reviewed, and edited the articles.


Competition Law in Latin America

Competition Law in Latin America
Author: Julián Peña
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
Total Pages: 613
Release: 2016-02-18
Genre: Law
ISBN: 9041168958

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In the past few years Latin American countries have taken giant steps to reposition their competition authorities in the global antitrust arena, granting them much greater autonomy both domestically and internationally. This is the first book to offer an in-depth analysis of this complex scenario. At the heart of the presentation are seven chapters detailing the competition regimes of the most active national jurisdictions in the region - Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia. Mexico, Peru, and Uruguay. Written by practicing experts with considerable hands-on experience in their respective countries, each of these chapters provides a comprehensive description and explanation of the evolution, current state, and prospects for antitrust in the country. Preceding these country-by-country analyses are more general chapters on the use of economic analysis and on the special field of the information and communications technology industry, as well as chapters on the working of competition law in countries with regulated markets and in the cluster of Central American countries. Topics addressed encompass the following and more: • relevant institutions and legislation; • cartel investigations; • unilateral conduct policies; • merger review; • international coordination; • enforcement; and • remedies. Each chapter includes analysis of relevant case law, allowing the reader to gauge the positions, views, and tendencies of each competition law regime. The authors also pay attention to the specificities and idiosyncrasies that are so important for a correct understanding of the practical realities of competition policy and enforcement. With its wide-ranging and in depth-approach, this book provides an incomparable analysis of a challenging region poised to become increasingly important in the international recognition and enforcement of antitrust law. It is in this sense an essential guide for lawyers, economists, corporations, academics, and government officials interested in understanding where competition law is, and where is it is going to, in Latin America.


The future of antitrust

The future of antitrust
Author: Priscila Brolio Gonçalves
Publisher: Editora Singular
Total Pages: 562
Release: 2021-10-10
Genre: Law
ISBN: 658635207X

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The book has been organized in five sections. The first one deals with goals of antitrust law and policy in the digital area, as well as legal tools and economic analysis. Authors discuss the inclusion of objectives beyond economic welfare in competition policies in the US, Europe and Brazil; consumer choice under the consumer welfare standard; the revival and the role of behavioral economics in antitrust; particularities (or not) of competition in digital markets and multi-sided digital platforms; and data protection (in opposition to data itself) as a potential valuable tool to antitrust analysis. The second Section of the book is dedicated to merger control, including articles for and against the adjustment of notification thresholds in Brazil; the question about scrutinizing killer acquisitions; the discussion concerning the need of a "new merger analysis" for digital markets; bankruptcy and a screening test for failing firm defense; and trends based in CADE's caselaw, including relevant market definition, complexity declaration, associative agreements, the health industry and the very recent Boeing-Embraer case. The third Section is about behavior control and is divided into three chapters, beginning with papers applicable to all types of conducts. Contributors discuss tendencies and modifications in the antitrust analysis of competitive behavior in digital markets, and procedural flaws and how to correct them. Among horizontal behavior, authors analyze price algorithms, labor related practices such as wage fixing and non-poaching agreements, hub and spoke infringements and exchange of sensitive information. The reviewing of consequences and concerns related to the hypothetical knock out of a leniency agreement closes this chapter. Among unilateral conducts, articles approach trends based on recent CADE's precedents, and specific practices such as on-line bans, geoblocking and geopricing, bundled payments in the health care industry and the Google shopping case. Section four is dedicated to competition advocacy and antitrust policy in specifically regulated markets. Authors deal with CADE's role in the pandemic; new regulatory proceedings issued by the Secretariat of Economic Law (SEAE); clauses constraining market shares in public biddings; competition policy in the cryptocurrency market; open banking; and competition in the Brazilian payments industry. Last but not least, Section five approaches antitrust litigation, ranging from private actions for antitrust damages – the relation between public enforcement and private actions; perspectives; disclosure of relevant materials and information, including in connection to leniency agreements; pass-on-defense – to arbitration in antitrust disputes and specialized courts. The final result is a very important and interesting book, comprising high valued opinions and personal views on a vast set of contemporary subjects. We congratulate all contributors and hope readers enjoy this journey!


Brazilian Competition Law

Brazilian Competition Law
Author: Eduardo Molan Gaban
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2013
Genre: Antitrust law
ISBN: 9789041141422

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Brief History of the Brazilian Competition Law and Policy --The Methodology for the Antitrust Analysis --Control of Structures (Merger Control) --Control of Behaviours (Antitrust Violations) --In the Multilateral and International Plan --Bilateral, Regional, and National Scopes --Tools and Incentives Available for Evidence/Proof Collection --Private Damages --Competition and Intellectual Property (IP).


Civil Liability and Antitrust Law

Civil Liability and Antitrust Law
Author: Ivo Waisberg
Publisher:
Total Pages: 11
Release: 2018
Genre:
ISBN:

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This paper intends to discuss the need for the development of a culture of private enforcement (civil liability) of antitrust law in Brazil in order to make the antitrust system efficient in Brazilian environment, despite of the evolution of Brazilian antitrust since 1994. This article, therefore, has two main goals: (i) to show that the development of a private enforcement culture in relation to anticompetitive practices is essential for the accomplishment of antitrust policies and the maximization of their results and (ii) to highlight the main factors, in terms of both substantive and procedural law, for the characterization of civil liability in antitrust cases.


Competition Law and Policy Reviews Competition Law and Policy in Latin America Peer Reviews of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico and Peru

Competition Law and Policy Reviews Competition Law and Policy in Latin America Peer Reviews of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico and Peru
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Total Pages: 406
Release: 2006-10-20
Genre:
ISBN: 9264015140

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Contains the results of peer reviews of the competition law and policies of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico, and Argentina.


Indirect Regulation, Antitrust Immunity and Public Undertakings in Brazil

Indirect Regulation, Antitrust Immunity and Public Undertakings in Brazil
Author: Roberto Domingos Taufick
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2014
Genre:
ISBN:

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Section 31 of Brazil's new antitrust law (Law 12,529/2011 - BNAL) keeps the Brazilian tradition of extending antitrust scrutiny over any legal entity, including public undertakings (PUs). In this paper I discuss how PUs may be and have been used to indirectly regulate sectors in Brazil, how they complement the work of industry-specific regulatory agencies and how have they been receiving informal antitrust immunity from the Brazilian antitrust agency (Cade).


Merger Control Regimes in Emerging Economies

Merger Control Regimes in Emerging Economies
Author: Marco Botta
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
Total Pages: 442
Release: 2011-01-01
Genre: Law
ISBN: 9041134026

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When emerging economies draft competition law and begin to enforce it, they usually draw on the EU and US competition law systems. However, significant country-specific legal and practical variations tend to arise quickly, making it imperative for international business lawyers to acquire more than a passing knowledge of competition legislation and relevant case law in these countries. Now for the first time a thoroughly researched book provides an in-depth empirical analysis of the legal problems raised for competition, and especially for merger control and its enforcement, in emerging economies, using a case study approach in the Brazilian and Argentinean contexts to reveal paradigmatic trends. Brazil and Argentina are chosen not only because they are among the major trading jurisdictions in the developing world, but also because they have each established a track record of over a decade in formulating and enforcing a system of merger control. The author describes and analyses all Brazilian and Argentinean legislation in the field of competition law, as well as the main merger decisions adopted by the competition authorities and the judgements held by the courts of these countries. The book thoroughly covers the system of competition law currently enforced in each country, as well as the main innovations of proposed new competition law currently pending in Brazil. In addition, the author draws on field interviews with competition lawyers and officers of competition authorities conducted between April and July 2008 in Buenos Aires, Brasilia, and São Paulo. The analysis considers such issues as the following: y impact of M & As on the level of competition in the markets of developing countries; y enforcement of competition law and the judiciary; y criteria for notification of economic concentrations; y application of econometric tests to define the relevant market and the degree of market concentration.