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| Author | : J. R. Murphy |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 116 |
| Release | : 1968 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Jeffrey S. Barker |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 132 |
| Release | : 1985 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
The first part compares the Mueller Murphy and Helmberger Hadley source representations and investigate whether there are any features of the near-field observations which tend to favor one over the other. The scaling relations in the two formalisms are such that the spectra are virtually indistinguishable between 2 and 5 Hz. Although the Mueller Murphy source is too rich in high frequency energy, a moderately low Q value for the near-field crust can make it agree with the observations. In the second part, the vertical particle velocity records for three nuclear explosions (DISCUS THROWER, MUDPACK and MERLIN) detonated in dry tuff of alluvium were modeled using generalized ray theory to determine the effective source functions. It was found that simple ray theory can be used to consistently predict the amplitude of the initial P wave for ranges greater than one depth of burial. At closer ranges the amplitudes are systematically overpredicted. Using the announced yields of the events, a scaling law was determined for source strength of nuclear explosions detonated in dry tuff or alluvium, and was used to predict the amplitudes from several other Yucca Flats events. The third part, introduces a method for the simultaneous inversion of near-field waveforms for source and structure parameters. The source may be parameterized by any of several effective source functions.
| Author | : R. Butler |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 81 |
| Release | : 1979 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
The present research program represents an application of the methods of time domain seismology to the observed short period P-waves from underground explosions. The goals were to obtain better estimates of the variation of short period seismic attenuation across the continental United States, evaluate the influence of different source regions on teleseismic P-wave amplitudes and waveforms, quantify the concepts of station/receiver transparency, and develop the initial states of a waveform inversion technique for both source discrimination and source description applications. A significant portion of the work performed on the first and second parts of this task was reported in the Sierra Geophysics Quarterly Technical Reports SGI-R-79-001 and SGI-R-79-004. That research is summarized and some additional work and insights into the implications of the results are included. The last section contains discussions of station transparencies and progress report on waveform inversion techniques.
| Author | : J. H. Healy |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 44 |
| Release | : 1963 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 1982 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Regional seismic records for eleven underground nuclear explosions were processed and analyzed (empirically) in a search for source and path related patterns in the signals. These nuclear tests were conducted between August, 1979 and April, 1980; all were located in Yucca Flat at the Nevada Test Site (NTS). The seismic signals generated by these explosions were recorded on the LLNL four-station network, located at distances of 200 to 400 km from the NTS. Amplitudes were measured for consistently recorded vertical component body waves, and for vertical and transverse components of surface waves. Correlation between phase amplitudes was statistically determined, and amplitude ratios were compared for four stations for the same event, and at a single station for the complete set of events. Previous studies have shown that certain amplitude ratios are relatively unaffected by the size of the explosion but sensitive to propagation effects. For this set of events, we do not find a statistically significant change in the ratio of Pg:Lg due to different propagation paths to the four stations. We do, however, find increased variability in the amplitude measurements for the smaller events in the population considered in this study.
| Author | : Eystein S. Husebye |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 867 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9400985312 |
The subject of this NATO Advanced Study Institute was seismic monitoring under a nuclear test ban - an application of scienti fic knowledge and modern technology for a political purpose. The international political objective of a comprehensive nuclear test ban provided in turn the motivation for our technical and scientific discussions. In order to obtain a historical perspec tive on the progress of the work towards a comprehensive test-ban treaty (CTB), it is necessary to go back to 1958, when a confer ence of scientific experts in Geneva made the first steps toward an international seismic monitoring system. However, agreement on actual capabilities of a monitoring system for verifying compliance with such a treaty was not achieved, and thus the conference did not lead to immediate political results. After the Partial Test Ban Treaty of 1963, which banned nuclear explosions in the atmosphere, outer space and under the seas, renewed interest in the seismological verification of a CTB took place. A number of countries initiated large-scale research efforts toward detecting and identifying underground nuclear explosions, and it was in this context that the large aperture seismic arrays NORSAR and LASA were established. This type of development resulted in excellent seismic data in digital form and was thus of great irnprotance to the seismological com munity.
| Author | : Howard C. Rodean |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 174 |
| Release | : 1971 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Ola Dahlman |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 451 |
| Release | : 2016-10-27 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1483165167 |
Monitoring Underground Nuclear Explosions focuses on the checking of underground nuclear explosions, including the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTB), seismological stations, earthquake-source models, and seismicity. The publication first elaborates on test-ban negotiations, nuclear explosions, seismological background, and explosions and earthquakes as seismic sources. Concerns cover comparison between explosion-source and earthquake-source models, theoretical calculation of seismic waves, earth structure, seismicity, nuclear test activities, bomb designs, and disarmament treaties. The manuscript then tackles seismological stations, detection, event definition and location, depth estimation, and identification. Topics include multistation discriminants, statistical aspects, long-period and short-period signals, near distances, location by a network of stations, international data exchange, station detection capabilities, and station networks. The book examines the monitoring of a comprehensive test-ban treaty, nonseismological identification, evasion, peaceful nuclear explosions, and yield estimation. The text is a dependable reference for researchers interested in the monitoring of underground nuclear explosions.
| Author | : Rodolfo Console |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 476 |
| Release | : 1995 |
| Genre | : Nature |
| ISBN | : |
This volume presents different studies carried out on induced seismicity, both from experimental and theoretical viewpoints. Several examples of seismic activity induced by underground nuclear explosions, impoundment of artificial reservoirs, and mining activities are given and discussed. Another important subject which is covered is earthquakes induced by other large earthquakes. Further, tectonic stress release in the immediate vicinity of an underground nuclear explosion is treated. The release produces aftershocks of small magnitude, usually for several weeks, occurring a few kilometers within the shot point. This phenomenon is of importance in the context of monitoring a Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty.
| Author | : J. M. Dermengian |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 75 |
| Release | : 1985 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Large volumes of teleseismic P wave amplitude and arrival time data recorded from explosions at this test site were collected and statistically analyzed in an attempt to define any systematic trends which correlate with source location. The results of the analysis of the teleseismic m sub b data have been shown to provide strong evidence of systematic geophysical variations within the Shagan River testing area. In particular, the m sub b station corrections have been shown to vary with source location in a manner which depends on source-to-station azimuth. Results of detailed comparisons of m sub b residual data at common stations from selected pairs of nearby explosions have been used to conclude that the observed variations in the azimuthal patterns of the m sub b residuals are related to event location rather than tectonic release effects. Results of this preliminary analysis suggest that the observed m sub b differences may be associated with changes in the near-source portions of the teleseismic P wave propagation paths. In contrast to the m sub b residual data, the reduced P wave travel-time residuals were found to show no obvious correlation with event location, and this has been interpreted as an indication that the available bulletin data are not precise enough to resolve the rather small travel-time variations which might be expected to accompany the observed m sub b variations. Keywords: Underground nuclear explosions; Seismic detection; Numerical analysis of seismic data; USSR; Geophysically distinct seismic waves; Least squares matrix factorization.
