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AN URBAN BIOETHICS APPROACH TO UNDERSTANDING DISPARITIES IN NEURODEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOMES FOR CHILDREN WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE

AN URBAN BIOETHICS APPROACH TO UNDERSTANDING DISPARITIES IN NEURODEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOMES FOR CHILDREN WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE
Author: Colette Gramszlo
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2022
Genre:
ISBN:

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Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect and often resultsin neurodevelopmental impairments and psychological problems which impede educational and occupational attainment and decrease overall quality of life into adulthood. While morbidity and mortality outcomes have improved over the last several decades, non-Hispanic black and Hispanic children continue to experience a disproportionate burden of CHD. An urban bioethics approach to disparities in cardiac neurodevelopmental outcomes necessitates an examination of the context, setting, and structures in which CHD care is delivered. This thesis proposes a model through which access to and quality of cardiac care impact disparities in neurodevelopmental outcomes. The thesis describes an initial evaluation of the proposed model conducted through retrospective record review. Though research funding and hospital resources have historically flowed toward optimizing surgical and other clinical care techniques, results indicate that factors such as poverty and other social determinants of health have a greater impact on many CHD outcomes. An urban bioethics framework asks us to additionally consider the ways in which cardiac care teams act as barriers to high quality care. Findings are discussed in terms of next steps and a proposed qualitative study to further evaluate results.


Congenital Heart Disease and Neurodevelopment

Congenital Heart Disease and Neurodevelopment
Author: Christopher McCusker
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 216
Release: 2016-05-03
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0128017929

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Congenital Heart Disease and Neurodevelopment: Understanding and Improving Outcomes brings together the work of leading researchers from the U.K., Europe, and the U.S. to provide a comprehensive examination of the causes, risks, and neurodevelopmental and psychological outcomes in children with congenital heart disease. The book includes longitudinal studies which have tracked outcomes from birth through late childhood and explores the emergent phenotype and etiologies, risk, and protective factors that strengthen proposed models. Medical and surgical advances have meant that greater numbers of children with even the most severe congenital heart disease (CHD) now survive well into adulthood. Studies over the past 20 years have suggested certain neurodevelopmental and psychological features are common, with clinical interventions being internationally articulated. The U.K. Belfast Center has developed and evaluated unique early intervention programs to circumvent the common problems discerned and promote optimal adjustment and outcomes. The first edition of Congenital Heart Disease and Neurodevelopment: Understanding and Improving Outcomes describes these programs in detail and outlines promising results obtained by researchers worldwide. Such interventions, together with the U.S. consensus statement (Circulation, 2012) on neurodevelopmental screening, hold great promise for clinical interventions. Features input from leading research experts in the field Describes cutting-edge research on longitudinal studies that link neurodevelopmental phenotypes with cutting-edge neuroimaging studies Discusses the first series of early intervention studies developed in Belfast targeted at key developmental transitions—birth and diagnosis, early childhood, and adolescence Includes clinical implications and action points in each section Features generalizable potential of interventions across other pediatric populations


Heart of the Matter

Heart of the Matter
Author: Min Xu
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2024-08-07
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9781022902992

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Heart of the Matter: Key Insights on Pediatric Cardiology Around the Globe is an extensive collection of journal articles that presents a comprehensive exploration of congenital heart disease (CHD) in children. To bridge the realms of genetics, environmental factors, and healthcare disparities, this compilation delves deeply into varied aspects of CHD in pediatric populations worldwide. With a foreword titled 'Children's Hearts: A Collection of Global Insights, ' the book kicks off with a meticulous study on the genetic implications of the CITED2 gene in China, followed by an examination of cardiac care challenges in Nepal. The role of advanced technologies such as cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in diagnosing CHD is elaborated, along with a retrospective analysis of pediatric cardiac ailments in Mali. Furthermore, the narrative extends to issues of postnatal cardiac autonomic control, nutrition-related health in children with CHD, and neurodevelopmental outcomes in affected children. Emotional narratives from mothers in Korea add a human touch, emphasizing the profound personal impacts of CHD. Each article offers unique, data-driven insights, drawing attention to geographical and medical disparities while aiming for holistic understanding. This compilation serves as an essential resource for healthcare professionals, researchers, and policymakers, fostering an engaged and informed approach to tackling CHD globally. Quality Research Publishing is dedicated to making knowledge more accessible to the general public by curating a topical compilation of the latest research on various subjects and providing plain language summaries. Each of the articles in this book is available individually and digitally without cost. However, we believe it is important for the contextualizing and sharing of educational and scientific work to curate this research in a way that is understandable and helpful to the average person seeking deeper knowledge of a particular subject. The research articles compiled for this book were published under a permissive Creative Commons license, are in the public domain, or have no copyright restrictions, permitting their use in this book. If you have questions about the licensing of any article, please visit qualityresearchpublishing.com.


Preterm Birth

Preterm Birth
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 791
Release: 2007-05-23
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 030910159X

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The increasing prevalence of preterm birth in the United States is a complex public health problem that requires multifaceted solutions. Preterm birth is a cluster of problems with a set of overlapping factors of influence. Its causes may include individual-level behavioral and psychosocial factors, sociodemographic and neighborhood characteristics, environmental exposure, medical conditions, infertility treatments, and biological factors. Many of these factors co-occur, particularly in those who are socioeconomically disadvantaged or who are members of racial and ethnic minority groups. While advances in perinatal and neonatal care have improved survival for preterm infants, those infants who do survive have a greater risk than infants born at term for developmental disabilities, health problems, and poor growth. The birth of a preterm infant can also bring considerable emotional and economic costs to families and have implications for public-sector services, such as health insurance, educational, and other social support systems. Preterm Birth assesses the problem with respect to both its causes and outcomes. This book addresses the need for research involving clinical, basic, behavioral, and social science disciplines. By defining and addressing the health and economic consequences of premature birth, this book will be of particular interest to health care professionals, public health officials, policy makers, professional associations and clinical, basic, behavioral, and social science researchers.


Bioethical Controversies in Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery

Bioethical Controversies in Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery
Author: Constantine Mavroudis
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 274
Release: 2020-02-28
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 3030356604

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This title reviews the bioethical issues in congenital heart disease and other difficult pediatric cardiology and cardiac surgical situations. It provides considered opinions and recommendations as to the preferred actions to take in these cases, stressing the importance of making informed decisions that are bioethically sound and doing so using considered reasoning of all the related sensitive issues. Bioethical Controversies in Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery provides detailed recommendations on potential solutions to make bioethical decisions in difficult clinical scenarios. There is particular emphasis on controversies involving surgery for hypoplastic left heart syndrome, futility, informed consent, autonomy, genomics, and beneficence. It is intended for use by a wide range of practitioners, including congenital heart surgeons, pediatric cardiologists, pediatric intensivists, nurse practitioners, physician’s assistants, and clinical ethicists.


Inclusion Matters

Inclusion Matters
Author: World Bank
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 302
Release: 2013-11-26
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1464800103

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This report tries to put boundaries around the abstraction that is "social inclusion". It is intended for policy makers, academics, activists and development partners - indeed anyone who is curious about how to address inclusion in a world that is witness to intense demographic, spatial, economic and technological transitions. Placing the discussion of social inclusion within such global transitions and transformations, it argues that social inclusion is an evolving agenda. While it does not purport to provide definitive answers as to how to achieve social inclusion in any given context, the report offers an easy-to-use definition and a framework to assist practitioners in asking, outlining and developing some of the right questions that can help advance the agenda of inclusion in different contexts. There are seven main messages in this report: 1. Excluded groups exist in all countries. 2. Excluded groups are consistently denied opportunities. 3. Intense global transitions are leading to social transformations that create new opportunities for inclusion as well as exacerbating existing forms of exclusion. 4. People take part in society through markets, services, and spaces. 5. Social and economic transformations affect the attitudes and perceptions of people. As people act on the basis of how they feel, it is important to pay attention to their attitudes and perceptions. 6. Exclusion is not immutable. Abundant evidence demonstrates that social inclusion can be planned and achieved. 7. Moving ahead will require a broader and deeper knowledge of exclusion and its impacts as well as taking concerted action.