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An Experimental Investigation of Flapping Wing Aerodynamics in Micro Air Vehicles

An Experimental Investigation of Flapping Wing Aerodynamics in Micro Air Vehicles
Author: Christopher J. Bradshaw
Publisher:
Total Pages: 111
Release: 2003-06-01
Genre:
ISBN: 9781423512400

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Flapping-wing propulsion was studied experimentally through Laser Doppler Velocimetry. Measurements were both time-averaged and unsteady, and were conducted on a Micro- Air Vehicle (MAV) model developed at NPS by Professors Max Platzer and Kevin Jones. The objective of this work was to further understanding of the aerodynamics of flapping-wing propulsion. In specific, this study examined separation control on the leading fixed wing due to entrainment by the trailing flapping wings. Further, a study of wake topology examined differences between the optimal and off-optimal cases. Experimental studies took place in the NPS 5' x 5' low speed wind tunnel. The model was supported on a test stand and LDV measurements of the flow field were taken. Studies were made at varying freestream velocities, angles of attack, and flapping frequencies. The test stand was instrumented with force balances to show forces in both the streamwise and vertical directions.


Fixed and Flapping Wing Aerodynamics for Micro Air Vehicle Applications

Fixed and Flapping Wing Aerodynamics for Micro Air Vehicle Applications
Author: Thomas J. Mueller
Publisher: AIAA
Total Pages: 614
Release: 2001
Genre: Aerodynamics
ISBN: 9781600864469

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This title reports on the latest research in the area of aerodynamic efficency of various fixed-wing, flapping wing, and rotary wing concepts. It presents the progress made by over fifty active researchers in the field.


An Experimental Investigation of Flapping Wing Propulsion for Micro Air Vehicles

An Experimental Investigation of Flapping Wing Propulsion for Micro Air Vehicles
Author: Sean J. Duggan
Publisher:
Total Pages: 70
Release: 2000-06-01
Genre:
ISBN: 9781423551676

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Flapping-wing propulsion is studied experimentally through thrust measurements and flow visualization. The objective of the research is to provide further insight into the aerodynamics of flapping-wing micro air vehicles (MAVs) . Experimental work is conducted in the NPS 1.5 m x 1.5 m in-draft wind tunnel. A previously constructed model is suspended by thin wires and is used to measure the thrust performance of the flapping-wing MAV. For this experiment, the model is tested in four configurations; three with varying wing mount stiffness and the fourth with an articulated pitch mechanism. Thrust is indirectly determined using a laser range-finder to measure stream-wise displacement of the model. Three methods of flow visualization are attempted to gain further insight into the flow-field around the MAV. First tufts are placed on and around the model to identify the flow-field Second, a smoke rake placed outside the tunnel is used to route smoke into the test section. Thirdly, a smoke wire system is used to produce smoke in the test section. Experimental results are compared with flow visualization results and previous experimental and numerical work.


An Introduction to Flapping Wing Aerodynamics

An Introduction to Flapping Wing Aerodynamics
Author: Wei Shyy
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 321
Release: 2013-08-19
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1107037263

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For anyone interested in the aerodynamics, structural dynamics and flight dynamics of small birds, bats, insects and air vehicles (MAVs).


Flapping Wing Vehicles

Flapping Wing Vehicles
Author: Lung-Jieh Yang
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 427
Release: 2021-09-30
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1000442624

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Flapping wing vehicles (FWVs) have unique flight characteristics and the successful flight of such a vehicle depends upon efficient design of the flapping mechanisms while keeping the minimum weight of the structure. Flapping Wing Vehicles: Numerical and Experimental Approach discusses design and kinematic analysis of various flapping wing mechanisms, measurement of flap angle/flapping frequency, and computational fluid dynamic analysis of motion characteristics including manufacturing techniques. The book also includes wind tunnel experiments, high-speed photographic analysis of aerodynamic performance, soap film visualization of 3D down washing, studies on the effect of wing rotation, figure-of-eight motion characteristics, and more. Features Covers all aspects of FWVs needed to design one and understand how and why it flies Explains related engineering practices including flapping mechanism design, kinematic analysis, materials, manufacturing, and aerodynamic performance measures using wind tunnel experiments Includes CFD analysis of 3D wing profile, formation flight of FWVs, and soap film visualization of flapping wings Discusses dynamics and image-based control of a group of ornithopters Explores indigenous PCB design for achieving altitude and attitude control This book is aimed at researchers and graduate students in mechatronics, materials, aerodynamics, robotics, biomimetics, vehicle design and MAV/UAV.


The DelFly

The DelFly
Author: G.C.H.E. de Croon
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 218
Release: 2015-11-26
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9401792089

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This book introduces the topics most relevant to autonomously flying flapping wing robots: flapping-wing design, aerodynamics, and artificial intelligence. Readers can explore these topics in the context of the "Delfly", a flapping wing robot designed at Delft University in The Netherlands. How are tiny fruit flies able to lift their weight, avoid obstacles and predators, and find food or shelter? The first step in emulating this is the creation of a micro flapping wing robot that flies by itself. The challenges are considerable: the design and aerodynamics of flapping wings are still active areas of scientific research, whilst artificial intelligence is subject to extreme limitations deriving from the few sensors and minimal processing onboard. This book conveys the essential insights that lie behind success such as the DelFly Micro and the DelFly Explorer. The DelFly Micro, with its 3.07 grams and 10 cm wing span, is still the smallest flapping wing MAV in the world carrying a camera, whilst the DelFly Explorer is the world's first flapping wing MAV that is able to fly completely autonomously in unknown environments. The DelFly project started in 2005 and ever since has served as inspiration, not only to many scientific flapping wing studies, but also the design of flapping wing toys. The combination of introductions to relevant fields, practical insights and scientific experiments from the DelFly project make this book a must-read for all flapping wing enthusiasts, be they students, researchers, or engineers.


An Experimental Investigation of the Geometric Characteristics of Flapping-Wing Propulsion for a Micro Air Vehicle

An Experimental Investigation of the Geometric Characteristics of Flapping-Wing Propulsion for a Micro Air Vehicle
Author: Jason Papadopoulos
Publisher:
Total Pages: 89
Release: 2003-06-01
Genre:
ISBN: 9781423501237

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The geometric characteristics of flapping-wing propulsion are studied experimentally through the use of a force balance and a Micro Air Vehicle (MAV) system. The system used is built to duplicate the propulsion system currently on the flying model at the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) MAV model. Experiments are carried out in a low speed wind tunnel to determine the effects of mean separation and plunge amplitude on the flapping wing propulsion system. Additionally, the effects on flapping wing shape, frequency, and MAV angle on attack (AoA) are also investigated. Some flow visualization is also performed. The intent is to optimize the system so that payload and controllability improvements can be made to the NPS MAV.


An Introduction to Flapping Wing Aerodynamics

An Introduction to Flapping Wing Aerodynamics
Author: Wei Shyy
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 321
Release: 2013-08-19
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1107067987

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This is an ideal book for graduate students and researchers interested in the aerodynamics, structural dynamics and flight dynamics of small birds, bats and insects, as well as of micro air vehicles (MAVs), which present some of the richest problems intersecting science and engineering. The agility and spectacular flight performance of natural flyers, thanks to their flexible, deformable wing structures, as well as to outstanding wing, tail and body coordination, is particularly significant. To design and build MAVs with performance comparable to natural flyers, it is essential that natural flyers' combined flexible structural dynamics and aerodynamics are adequately understood. The primary focus of this book is to address the recent developments in flapping wing aerodynamics. This book extends the work presented in Aerodynamics of Low Reynolds Number Flyers (Shyy et al. 2008).


Experimental Investigation Into the Aerodynamic Performance of Both Rigid and Flexible Wing Structured Micro-Air-Vehicles

Experimental Investigation Into the Aerodynamic Performance of Both Rigid and Flexible Wing Structured Micro-Air-Vehicles
Author: Anthony M. DeLuca
Publisher:
Total Pages: 174
Release: 2004-03-01
Genre: Aerodynamics
ISBN: 9781423516804

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The Air Force Research Lab, Munitions Directorate, Eglin Air Force Base, Florida has designed a man-portable carbon-fiber Micro-Air-Vehicle (MA V) used for on-the-spot surveillance by Special Operations Forces (SOF) for enemy reconnaissance as well as post-strike Battle Damage Assessment (BDA).The main goals of this experiment are: 1) characterize the flow quality of the new AFIT 3' x 3' wind tunnel and 2) determine the aerodynamic performance characteristics of the 24" span, 6" chord flexible and rigid wing MA V s. The turbulent intensity of the wind tunnel was approximately 2%. Both MA Vs had an average lift slope within 3.5% of the theoretical value. Flexible wings deformed in response to perturbations in local flow field conditions, promulgating the delay of wing stall by nearly double. Aeroelastic effects begin to dominate low speed, laminar Reynolds number effects at tunnel velocities greater than 30 miles per hour. The flexible wing MA V displayed static stability in all three principal control axes (Pitch, Roll, Yaw), while the rigid MA V was not definitively stable in any axis. All flexible wing control surface configurations resulted in predictable and consistent performance between -10 and + 10 elevon deflection. Reponses declined steadily after :+ or -10 showing dramatic direction changes.