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| Author | : Roehlano Mariano Briones |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 29 |
| Release | : 2013 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Bathla, Seema |
| Publisher | : Intl Food Policy Res Inst |
| Total Pages | : 45 |
| Release | : |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : |
This study’s objective is to examine the factors that have driven structural transformation (ST) in the Southeast Asian (SEA) economies and the policies supporting the process. It sets the stage by evaluating the ST in each country, quantifying the contribution of “within sector” and “structural change” to overall productivity growth and estimating the turning points (TPs) to gauge the prospects of income convergence. Eight SEA countries, undergoing a steady rate of economic growth —Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Viet Nam, Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Thailand (CLMVPMIT) are chosen for analysis. We find their progress on ST to be consistent with the theory and historical patterns experienced in several developed and developing countries. However, progress is diverse across these countries and lags behind developed countries, indicating that labor is not exiting agriculture as fast as agriculture’s share of value added has been declining. The ST has decreased from 49 percent in Thailand to almost 3 percent each in Cambodia and Malaysia during 1991 to 2016. Further, the contribution of within change to productivity, which was pivotal during the 1990s in each country is rather subdued during the 2000s, thereby giving comparative primacy to structural change. A relatively higher—57 to 80 percent—contribution of structural change in Cambodia and Lao PDR, together with productivity growth, may be explained by increasing migration and trade in nonagriculture products. We also find that while Lao PDR, Thailand, and Indonesia have reached their TPs, other nations, especially the poorer ones such as Viet Nam, Myanmar, and Philippines are predicted to take at least a decade towards this goal. Empirical analysis suggests ST in CLMVPMIT is positively driven by agricultural productivity, terms of trade, and public investments in infrastructure, with little role for rural to urban migration and market integration. Large inter-sectoral productivity differentials across SEA countries, other than in Cambodia and Malaysia, necessitates to accelerate agricultural disproportionate share of the labor force in agriculture through higher productivity.
| Author | : Jesus Felipe |
| Publisher | : Anthem Press |
| Total Pages | : 369 |
| Release | : 2012-12-15 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 0857285726 |
'Inclusive Growth, Full Employment, and Structural Change: Implications and Policies for Developing Asia' discusses policies to achieve inclusive growth in developing Asia, including agriculture, investment, certain state interventions, monetary, fiscal, and the role of the state as employer of last resort. Felipe argues that full employment of the labor force is the key to delivering inclusive growth. Full employment is the most direct way to improve the well-being of the people, especially of the most disadvantaged. Since unemployment and underemployment are pervasive in many parts of the region, Asian leaders must commit to the goal of full employment. The book also analyzes the region's phenomenal growth in recent decades in terms of structural transformation. Accelerating it is vital for the continued growth of developing Asia. But efforts to achieve full employment might be held back given that structural transformation requires massive labor shifts across sectors, and these are difficult to coordinate. Moreover, the goal of full employment was abandoned in the 1970s, and governments and central banks have since concentrated on keeping inflation low.
| Author | : Asian Development Bank |
| Publisher | : Asian Development Bank |
| Total Pages | : 731 |
| Release | : 2013-08-01 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 9292542397 |
The Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2013 (Key Indicators), the 44th edition of this series, includes the latest available economic, financial, social, and environmental indicators for the 48 regional members of the Asian Development Bank. This publication aims to present the latest key statistics on development issues concerning the economies of Asia and the Pacific to a wide audience, including policy makers, development practitioners, government officials, researchers, students, and the general public. Part I of this issue of the Key Indicators is a special chapter---Asia's Economic Transformation: Where to, How, and How Fast?. Parts II and III comprise of brief, non-technical analyses and statistical tables on the Millennium Development Goals and seven other themes. This year, the 2013 edition of the Framework of Inclusive Growth Indicators, a special supplement to Key Indicators is also included. The statistical tables in this issue of the Key Indicators may also be downloaded in MS Excel format from this website or in user-specified format at SDBS Online. The statistical tables are complemented by a visualization tool that is intended to provide users with an alternative way to look at some of the development issues concerning the economies of Asia and the Pacific.
| Author | : Andrew Sumner |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 231 |
| Release | : 2018 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 0198792360 |
Using Malaysia, Indonesia, and Thailand as examples, this book focuses on industrialization in South East Asia. These nations have all undergone a major transformation from being poor, agrarian countries to middle-income countries with a developed industrial and manufacturing base. Development and Distribution seeks to explain why and how.
| Author | : Saumik Paul |
| Publisher | : Brookings Institution Press |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2018-12-18 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 4899741006 |
Simon Kuznets’ views about the inverted-U relationship between inequality and development and the process of structural transformation have long been under the lens of researchers. Over the last 20 years, immense potential for growth in Asia has been facilitated by structural transformation. However, it remains undecided whether the contribution of structural transformation will stay as a crucial factor in determining potential productivity growth and income distribution. This book brings together novel conceptual frameworks and empirical evidence from country case studies on topics related to structural transformation, globalization, and income inequality.
| Author | : Birthal, Pratap S. |
| Publisher | : Intl Food Policy Res Inst |
| Total Pages | : 39 |
| Release | : |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : |
Over the past few decades, the agricultural sector of Southeast Asia has experienced robust growth and undergone a structural transformation albeit differentially across the countries in the region. The main aims of this paper are to understand the process of transformation and sources of growth in agriculture in the broader context of economy-wide changes in domestic and international markets, and to suggest technological, institutional and policy measures for faster, efficient and sustainable growth. Our findings show faster growth in agriculture in comparatively low-income countries, with technological change, area expansion and diversification being the main drivers. On the other hand, agricultural growth in high-income countries has been relatively slow, and driven by price increases, mainly of the export-oriented commercial crops, such as oil-palm, rubber and coconut; and also, by area expansion. In view of the fixed supply of land and high volatility in global food prices, area and price driven growth is unlikely to sustain in the long-run. For efficient, sustainable and inclusive growth, the recourse has to be with exploiting potential of (i) existing and frontier technologies, by investing more in agricultural research and extension systems, and (ii) diversification of production portfolio towards higher-value food commodities by strengthening institutions that link farmers to remunerative markets; and investing in post-harvest infrastructure for food processing.
| Author | : C. Peter Timmer |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 56 |
| Release | : 1989 |
| Genre | : Agricultural diversification |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Martin Andersson |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 312 |
| Release | : 2016-04-21 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 0191057177 |
This volume analyzes the experiences of developing countries in Asia, Latin America, and Sub-Saharan Africa, and examines how they might catch up. Based on growth performance across the developing world over the last five decades, it offers a thorough account of the possibilities to engage in such processes in an increasingly globalized world. Together, the chapters highlight the diversity and variation of development pathways and provide valuable lessons and implications for how to approach this difficult question. The book shows the importance of acknowledging that the process of development is dynamic and that the possibilities for catch up are situation dependent. At the same time it makes clear that without structural change, and in particular agricultural transformation, sustained catch up is unlikely to happen. The volume demonstrates how analysis of current growth processes in developing countries can be enriched by paying closer attention to the multifaceted nature of both economic backwardness and successful pathways to escape it.
| Author | : Hee-Sik Kim |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 44 |
| Release | : 2017 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
This paper has revisited the roles of agricultural sector development for Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) in responding to the twofold challenges - broadening the base of economic growth and sustaining growth momentum. Based on a holistic and long-term perspective on the mechanism of an economic take-off and a realistic characterization of the initial conditions of SSA economies including their crucial dependence on 'communal ownership of land,' this paper proposes a two-transition approach to a traditional agriculture-based economy's take-off, where agricultural development in the current generation precedes and prepares for industrial development in the next generation. The results from the empirical analyses using regional and country data have confirmed the following hypotheses derived from the framework: First, that it is agricultural development that generates positive external effects on industrial development, and not vice versa. Second, that a primitive economy evolves to higher stages through agricultural and industrial developments in a sequence with the demographic dividend and savings accumulated in the phase of agricultural development being indispensable for the economy's transition to industrial development.
