Affirmative Action In The United States And India PDF Download
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Author | : Thomas E. Weisskopf |
Publisher | : Routledge |
Total Pages | : 370 |
Release | : 2004-01-22 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1135997306 |
Download Affirmative Action in the United States and India Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Arguably, two of the most important national experiences with policies of positive discrimination in favor of historically disadvantaged ethnic or caste minority groups are the cases of 'Affirmative Action' in the United States and 'Reservation Policies' in India. This essential new book examines the consequences of affirmative action in both count
Author | : Thomas Sowell |
Publisher | : Yale University Press |
Total Pages | : 258 |
Release | : 2004-01-01 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 9780300107753 |
Download Affirmative Action Around the World Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
An eminent authority presents a new perspective on affirmative action in a provocative book that will stir fresh debate about this vitally important issue
Author | : Thomas E. Weisskopf |
Publisher | : Routledge |
Total Pages | : 305 |
Release | : 2004-01-22 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1135997314 |
Download Affirmative Action in the United States and India Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Two of the most important national experiences with policies of positive discrimination are the cases of 'Affirmative Action' in the United States and 'Reservation Policies' in India.
Author | : |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : |
Release | : 2004 |
Genre | : Affirmative action programs |
ISBN | : 9780203682265 |
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Author | : Ashwini Deshpande |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : |
Release | : 2012 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Download Affirmative Action in India and the United States Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Caste in India and race in the USA are often compared for their institutional similarities, and also because these categories form the social basis on which the affirmative action program in the two countries is based. While disadvantage and discrimination produce similar outcomes for certain groups within caste- or race-divided societies, it is important to understand the differences between the two systems. In India, affirmative action policies have a much longer history than the US, are constitutionally guaranteed, and take the form of quotas in government jobs, educational institutions, and electoral seats at each level of government. In the US, the program is around 40 years old, not constitutionally guaranteed, and quotas are ruled out. Pro-active policy measures such as affirmative action must be backed by strong political will in order to successfully reduce inter-group disparities.
Author | : Ashwini Deshpande |
Publisher | : OUP India |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2013-03-14 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 9780198092087 |
Download Affirmative Action in India Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This Short Introduction analyses the nuts-and-bolts of affirmative action in India, while sketching out the larger context of and debates around this issue. It covers the 'why' and 'how' of affirmative action, and provides a perspective on where India stands today in terms of group disparities and the proposed remedies.
Author | : Sunita Parikh |
Publisher | : University of Michigan Press |
Total Pages | : 327 |
Release | : 2010-08-10 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 0472027425 |
Download The Politics of Preference Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Sunita Parikh examines the history and fate of affirmative action programs in two ethnically heterogeneous democracies, the United States and India. Affirmative action programs in the United States represent a controversial policy about which the American public feel at best ambivalence and at worst hostility, while in India the expansion of reservation policies in recent years has led to riots and contributed to the fall of governments. And yet these policies were not particularly controversial when they were introduced. How the policy traveled from these auspicious beginnings to its current predicament can best be understood, according to Parikh, by exploring the changing political conditions under which it was introduced, expanded, and then challenged. Although they are in many respects very different countries, India and the United States are important countries in which to study the implementation of ascriptive policies like affirmative action, according to Parikh. They are both large, heterogeneous societies with democratic political systems in which previously excluded groups were granted benefits by the majorities that had historically oppressed them. Parikh argues that these policies were the product of democratic politics--which required political parties to mobilize existing groups as voters--and the ethnically heterogeneous nature of Indian and U.S. society--where ethnic markers are particularly salient sources of identification as groups. Affirmative action in both countries was introduced because it could be used to solidify and expand electoral coalitions by giving benefits to defined minority groups, according to Parikh. As the policy became better known, it became more disliked by non-targeted groups, and it was no longer an appeal which was cost free for politicians. This book will be of interest to social scientists concerned with race and ethnic relations and with the comparative study of political and social systems. Sunita Parikh is Assistant Professor of Political Science, Columbia University.
Author | : Laura Dudley Jenkins |
Publisher | : Routledge |
Total Pages | : 242 |
Release | : 2014-04-04 |
Genre | : Education |
ISBN | : 1317748468 |
Download Affirmative Action Matters Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Affirmative Action Matters focuses specifically on affirmative action policies in higher education admissions, the sphere that has been the most controversial in many of the nations that have such policies. It brings together distinguished scholars from diverse nations to examine and discuss the historical, political and philosophical contexts of affirmative action and clarify policy developments to further the meaningful equality of educational opportunity. This unique volume includes both well established and emerging policies from the Americas, Europe, Africa, and Asia, policies which developed under a variety of political systems and target a range of underrepresented groups, based on race, ethnicity, gender, class, social background, or region. Accessible and thought provoking case studies of affirmative action demonstrate that such policies are expanding to different countries and target populations. While some countries, such as India, have affirmative action policies that predate those in the United States, affirmative action is a recent development in countries such as Brazil and France. Legal or political pressures to move away from explicitly race-based policies in several countries have complicated affirmative action and make this assessment of international alternatives particularly timely. New or newly modified policies target a variety of disadvantaged groups, based on geography, class, or caste, in addition to race or sex. International scholars in six countries spanning five continents offer insights into their own countries’ experiences to examine the implications of policy shifts from race toward other categories of disadvantage, to consider best practices in student admission policies, and to assess the future of affirmative action.
Author | : Sigal Alon |
Publisher | : Russell Sage Foundation |
Total Pages | : 346 |
Release | : 2015-11-17 |
Genre | : Education |
ISBN | : 1610448545 |
Download Race, Class, and Affirmative Action Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
No issue in American higher education is more contentious than that of race-based affirmative action. In light of the ongoing debate around the topic and recent Supreme Court rulings, affirmative action policy may be facing further changes. As an alternative to race-based affirmative action, some analysts suggest affirmative action policies based on class. In Race, Class, and Affirmative Action, sociologist Sigal Alon studies the race-based affirmative action policies in the United States. and the class-based affirmative action policies in Israel. Alon evaluates how these different policies foster campus diversity and socioeconomic mobility by comparing the Israeli policy with a simulated model of race-based affirmative action and the U.S. policy with a simulated model of class-based affirmative action. Alon finds that affirmative action at elite institutions in both countries is a key vehicle of mobility for disenfranchised students, whether they are racial and ethnic minorities or socioeconomically disadvantaged. Affirmative action improves their academic success and graduation rates and leads to better labor market outcomes. The beneficiaries of affirmative action in both countries thrive at elite colleges and in selective fields of study. As Alon demonstrates, they would not be better off attending less selective colleges instead. Alon finds that Israel’s class-based affirmative action programs have provided much-needed entry slots at the elite universities to students from the geographic periphery, from high-poverty high schools, and from poor families. However, this approach has not generated as much ethnic diversity as a race-based policy would. By contrast, affirmative action policies in the United States have fostered racial and ethnic diversity at a level that cannot be matched with class-based policies. Yet, class-based policies would do a better job at boosting the socioeconomic diversity at these bastions of privilege. The findings from both countries suggest that neither race-based nor class-based models by themselves can generate broad diversity. According to Alon, the best route for promoting both racial and socioeconomic diversity is to embed the consideration of race within class-based affirmative action. Such a hybrid model would maximize the mobility benefits for both socioeconomically disadvantaged and minority students. Race, Class, and Affirmative Action moves past political talking points to offer an innovative, evidence-based perspective on the merits and feasibility of different designs of affirmative action.
Author | : Zoya Hasan |
Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
Total Pages | : 382 |
Release | : 2011-09-07 |
Genre | : Political Science |
ISBN | : 0199088667 |
Download Politics of Inclusion Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Post-Mandal, the demand for reservations by various groups has become a consistent feature of Indian politics. Yet, the focus remains on caste, with little attention paid to the under-representation of religious minorities in India. The book takes up the case of relative disadvantage and interogates the multiple and overlapping dimensions of deprivation. Hasan argues that, in view of the comparative evidence avaiable, presently excluded and disadvantaged groups should also qualify for affirmative action. This book will interest students and scholars of Indian politics, sociology, and history.