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Atmospheric Modeling, Data Assimilation and Predictability

Atmospheric Modeling, Data Assimilation and Predictability
Author: Eugenia Kalnay
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 368
Release: 2003
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 9780521796293

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This book, first published in 2002, is a graduate-level text on numerical weather prediction, including atmospheric modeling, data assimilation and predictability.


Data Assimilation

Data Assimilation
Author: William Lahoz
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 710
Release: 2010-07-23
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3540747036

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Data assimilation methods were largely developed for operational weather forecasting, but in recent years have been applied to an increasing range of earth science disciplines. This book will set out the theoretical basis of data assimilation with contributions by top international experts in the field. Various aspects of data assimilation are discussed including: theory; observations; models; numerical weather prediction; evaluation of observations and models; assessment of future satellite missions; application to components of the Earth System. References are made to recent developments in data assimilation theory (e.g. Ensemble Kalman filter), and to novel applications of the data assimilation method (e.g. ionosphere, Mars data assimilation).


Assimilation of Remote Sensing Data into Earth System Models

Assimilation of Remote Sensing Data into Earth System Models
Author: Jean-Christophe Calvet
Publisher: MDPI
Total Pages: 236
Release: 2019-11-20
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3039216406

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In the Earth sciences, a transition is currently occurring in multiple fields towards an integrated Earth system approach, with applications including numerical weather prediction, hydrological forecasting, climate impact studies, ocean dynamics estimation and monitoring, and carbon cycle monitoring. These approaches rely on coupled modeling techniques using Earth system models that account for an increased level of complexity of the processes and interactions between atmosphere, ocean, sea ice, and terrestrial surfaces. A crucial component of Earth system approaches is the development of coupled data assimilation of satellite observations to ensure consistent initialization at the interface between the different subsystems. Going towards strongly coupled data assimilation involving all Earth system components is a subject of active research. A lot of progress is being made in the ocean–atmosphere domain, but also over land. As atmospheric models now tend to address subkilometric scales, assimilating high spatial resolution satellite data in the land surface models used in atmospheric models is critical. This evolution is also challenging for hydrological modeling. This book gathers papers reporting research on various aspects of coupled data assimilation in Earth system models. It includes contributions presenting recent progress in ocean–atmosphere, land–atmosphere, and soil–vegetation data assimilation.


Ocean Data Assimilation Guidance Using Uncertainty Forecasts

Ocean Data Assimilation Guidance Using Uncertainty Forecasts
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 9
Release: 2010
Genre:
ISBN:

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This paper discusses preliminary tests on using predicted forecast errors to estimate the impact of observations in correcting the Naval Research Laboratory (NRI.) tide resolving, high resolution regional version of the Navy Coastal Ocean Model (RNCOM) assimilating local observations processed through the NRI. Coupled Ocean Data Assimilation (NCODA) system. Since there will always be a shortfall of data to constraint all sources of uncertainty there is an obvious advantage to optimally guide observations to reduce model errors that could be producing the most negative impacts. The importance of this topic has been further heightened in oceanic applications by the advent of Underwater Automated Vehicles (UAVs) that can bring persistent observations but need to be told where to go and when, following regular schedules. This works tests a technique named the Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter (ETKF) that can be used to automate such adaptive sampling guidance and has been successfully applied for atmospheric modeling optimization. The ETKF uses an ensemble of state-fields from a certain initialization time and rapid low rank solutions of the Kalman filter equations to estimate integrated predicted error reduction for selected target ensemble variables, or combinations of variables, over areas and forecast ranges of interest. The error estimates are produced through independent RNCOM runs using perturbed forcing and initial conditions constrained at each analysis time by new estimates of the analysis errors as provided by NCODA, using a technique named Ensemble Transform (ET).


Sub-seasonal to Seasonal Prediction

Sub-seasonal to Seasonal Prediction
Author: Andrew Robertson
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 585
Release: 2018-10-19
Genre: Science
ISBN: 012811715X

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The Gap Between Weather and Climate Forecasting: Sub-seasonal to Seasonal Prediction is an ideal reference for researchers and practitioners across the range of disciplines involved in the science, modeling, forecasting and application of this new frontier in sub-seasonal to seasonal (S2S) prediction. It provides an accessible, yet rigorous, introduction to the scientific principles and sources of predictability through the unique challenges of numerical simulation and forecasting with state-of-science modeling codes and supercomputers. Additional coverage includes the prospects for developing applications to trigger early action decisions to lessen weather catastrophes, minimize costly damage, and optimize operator decisions. The book consists of a set of contributed chapters solicited from experts and leaders in the fields of S2S predictability science, numerical modeling, operational forecasting, and developing application sectors. The introduction and conclusion, written by the co-editors, provides historical perspective, unique synthesis and prospects, and emerging opportunities in this exciting, complex and interdisciplinary field. Contains contributed chapters from leaders and experts in sub-seasonal to seasonal science, forecasting and applications Provides a one-stop shop for graduate students, academic and applied researchers, and practitioners in an emerging and interdisciplinary field Offers a synthesis of the state of S2S science through the use of concrete examples, enabling potential users of S2S forecasts to quickly grasp the potential for application in their own decision-making Includes a broad set of topics, illustrated with graphic examples, that highlight interdisciplinary linkages


Next Generation Earth System Prediction

Next Generation Earth System Prediction
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 351
Release: 2016-08-22
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0309388805

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As the nation's economic activities, security concerns, and stewardship of natural resources become increasingly complex and globally interrelated, they become ever more sensitive to adverse impacts from weather, climate, and other natural phenomena. For several decades, forecasts with lead times of a few days for weather and other environmental phenomena have yielded valuable information to improve decision-making across all sectors of society. Developing the capability to forecast environmental conditions and disruptive events several weeks and months in advance could dramatically increase the value and benefit of environmental predictions, saving lives, protecting property, increasing economic vitality, protecting the environment, and informing policy choices. Over the past decade, the ability to forecast weather and climate conditions on subseasonal to seasonal (S2S) timescales, i.e., two to fifty-two weeks in advance, has improved substantially. Although significant progress has been made, much work remains to make S2S predictions skillful enough, as well as optimally tailored and communicated, to enable widespread use. Next Generation Earth System Predictions presents a ten-year U.S. research agenda that increases the nation's S2S research and modeling capability, advances S2S forecasting, and aids in decision making at medium and extended lead times.


Data Assimilation for the Earth System

Data Assimilation for the Earth System
Author: Richard Swinbank
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 394
Release: 2003-10-31
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 9781402015939

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Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute, Acquafredda, Maratea, Italy from 19 May to 1 June 2002


Oceanobs'19: An Ocean of Opportunity. Volume II

Oceanobs'19: An Ocean of Opportunity. Volume II
Author: Tong Lee
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Total Pages: 629
Release: 2020-12-31
Genre: Science
ISBN: 2889631192

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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.