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| Author | : ACI Innovation Task Group 9 |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 24 |
| Release | : 2016-10-19 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9781945487354 |
| Author | : Jürgen Grünberg |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 251 |
| Release | : 2013-09-10 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 3433603308 |
The wind energy industry in Germany has an excellent global standing when it comes to the development and construction of wind turbines. Germany currently represents the world's largest market for wind energy. The ongoing development of ever more powerful wind turbines plus additional requirements for the design and construction of their offshore foundation structures exceeds the actual experiences gained so far in the various disciplines concerned. This book gives a comprehensive overview for planning and structural design analysis of reinforced concrete and pre-stressed concrete wind turbine towers for both, onshore and offshore wind turbines. Wind turbines represent structures subjected to highly dynamic loading patterns. Therefore, for the design of loadbearing structures, fatigue effects - and not just maximum loads - are extremely important, in particular in the connections and joints of concrete and hybrid structures. There multi-axial stress conditions occure which so far are not covered by the design codes. The specific actions, the nonlinear behaviour and modeling for the structural analysis are explained. Design and verification with a focus on fatigue are adressed. The chapter Manufacturing includes hybrid structures, segmental construction of pre-stressed concrete towers and offshore wind turbine foundations. Selected chapters from the German concrete yearbook are now being published in the new English "Beton-Kalender Series" for the benefit of an international audience. Since it was founded in 1906, the Ernst & Sohn "Beton-Kalender" has been supporting developments in reinforced and prestressed concrete. The aim was to publish a yearbook to reflect progress in "ferro-concrete" structures until - as the book's first editor, Fritz von Emperger (1862-1942), expressed it - the "tempestuous development" in this form of construction came to an end. However, the "Beton-Kalender" quickly became the chosen work of reference for civil and structural engineers, and apart from the years 1945-1950 has been published annually ever since.
| Author | : Willem Sternberg van Zyl |
| Publisher | : LAP Lambert Academic Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 136 |
| Release | : 2019-01-25 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9783659875342 |
Exponential growth of the global wind turbine market has led to a significant increase in the capacity of wind turbine generators. Modern turbines require higher support structures as higher wind speeds combined with longer blades are necessary to increase their generating capacity. The standard 80-90 m tower is thus not economically viable anymore. Transportation logistics of large steel towers has led to concrete towers becoming a viable option. There are currently no design codes dealing exclusively with the design of concrete wind turbine towers. The aim of this project is to investigate and highlight important aspects of the design process of a normally reinforced high strength concrete wind turbine tower. The tower was designed using nonlinear finite element modelling as a design tool to accurately design the tower for various loads and load cases. An analytical design method was developed that can be used in the preliminary design stage. Finally, the importance of the soil-structure interaction was investigated through a sensitivity analysis.
| Author | : François-Xavier Jammes |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 146 |
| Release | : 2009 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) has proven an asset for bridge design as it significantly reduces costs. However, UHPC has not been applied yet to wind turbine technology. Design codes do not propose any recommendations or guidance for the towers, thus encouraging the engineer to use less effective traditional materials like steel. The purpose of this thesis is to propose an efficient way to design UHPC wind turbines. First is explained the strategy to retain an optimal design. Then, the comparison with a similar steel model demonstrates that UHPC is both an economical and sustainable design solution for towers. This work is based on a combination of the UHPC 1D model developed at MIT and the interim recommendations provided by Association Franqaise de Genie Civil. The expression of the design loads and the resistant loads for a UHPC circular hollow section are presented based on available design codes. Then, the optimization process based on the previous model is established. It is achieved using two programs in order to satisfy both the Service Limit State (SLS) and the Ultimate Limit State (ULS). The best design is obtained for a SLS criteria deflection of L/800. The cost of material is reduced by a factor between 2 and 3 in comparison with traditional steel. All of this confirms that UHPC could be an innovative engineering solution for the realization of new wind turbine towers.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2005 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
The United States Department of Energy (DOE) Wind Energy Research Program has begun a new effort to partner with U.S. industry to develop wind technology that will allow wind systems to compete in regions of low wind speed. The Class 4 and 5 sites targeted by this effort have annual average wind speeds of 5.8 m/s (13 mph), measured at 10 m (33 ft) height. Such sites are abundant in the United States and would increase the land area available for wind energy production twenty-fold. The new program is targeting a levelized cost of energy of 3 cents/kWh at these sites by 2010. A three-element approach has been initiated. These efforts are concept design, component development, and system development. This work builds on previous activities under the WindPACT program and the Next Generation Turbine program. If successful, DOE estimates that his new technology could result in 35 to 45 gigawatts of additional wind capacity being installed by 2020.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 1 |
| Release | : 2006 |
| Genre | : Towers |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 53 |
| Release | : 2016 |
| Genre | : Wind turbines |
| ISBN | : |
The current practice for wind turbine foundations is to use massive cast-in-place concrete spread footings or complex pile-supported foundations. Wind turbine generator components and the towers that support them are pre-fabricated and assembled on site, leaving the foundation as the only component of the wind turbine system requiring major in situ construction. The new "hexapod" foundation concept is fully pre-fabricated, uses a fraction of the quantity of concrete used in conventional foundations, and may be dismantled and re-used elsewhere. The wind turbine tower is attached to a steel or concrete hub which is attached to six radial, precast, post-tensioned concrete beams. The hub and beams are transported to the site, assembled, and anchored to the ground using micropiles. The "hexapod" foundation concept was studied in the context of governing design standards and anticipated structural behavior, and a set of design criteria were established. A parametric structural study was conducted to determine the "hexapod" foundation configurations that exhibited the most favorable performance according to the design criteria, and to observe the sensitivity of the foundation’s performance to changes in design properties. Based on the parametric study, recommendations for design and for future study were established.
| Author | : James Grierson MacGregor |
| Publisher | : Prentice Hall |
| Total Pages | : 939 |
| Release | : 1997 |
| Genre | : Reinforced concrete |
| ISBN | : 9780136139850 |
Based on the 1995 edition of the American Concrete Institute Building Code, this text explains the theory and practice of reinforced concrete design in a systematic and clear fashion, with an abundance of step-by-step worked examples, illustrations, and photographs. The focus is on preparing students to make the many judgment decisions required in reinforced concrete design, and reflects the author's experience as both a teacher of reinforced concrete design and as a member of various code committees. This edition provides new, revised and expanded coverage of the following topics: core testing and durability; shrinkage and creep; bases the maximum steel ratio and the value of the factor on Appendix B of ACI318-95; composite concrete beams; strut-and-tie models; dapped ends and T-beam flanges. It also expands the discussion of STMs and adds new examples in SI units.
| Author | : ACI Committee 318 |
| Publisher | : American Concrete Institute |
| Total Pages | : 432 |
| Release | : 2005 |
| Genre | : Law |
| ISBN | : 0870311719 |
| Author | : American Concrete Institute |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 28 |
| Release | : 2003 |
| Genre | : Concrete construction |
| ISBN | : 9780870311291 |
