A Scientific Strategy For Us Participation In The Goals Global Ocean Atmosphere Land System Component Of The Clivar Climate Variability And Predictability Programme PDF Download
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| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 83 |
| Release | : 1998-08-13 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0309061458 |
Download A Scientific Strategy for U.S. Participation in the GOALS (Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System) Component of the CLIVAR (Climate Variability and Predictability) Programme Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
| Author | : Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 31 |
| Release | : 2001-01-01 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0309074045 |
Download Comments on Catalyzing U.S. World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) Activities Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The purpose of this letter report is to state the findings and recommendations of the Climate Research Committee's (CRC) brief review of the U.S. contributions to the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP). The primary objectives of the review were to: (1) assess the coordination (national-international and project-to-project) of the U.S. scientific contributions to the WCRP; (2) identify potential science gaps and/or redundancies in the U.S. contributions to the WCRP, and; (3) identify existing or emerging issues and needs that might require more in-depth attention. Due to the limited time available for this review, the CRC focused on the first of these objectives.
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 48 |
| Release | : 2005-01-16 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0309095018 |
Download Review of the U.S. CLIVAR Project Office Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
A growing appreciation for how variations in climate affect society and the environment has increased the demand for fast and accurate predictions of climate variability. The Climate Variability and Predictability (CLIVAR) program, established internationally in 1995 and expanded to include a U.S. component in 1998, focuses on improving understanding and skill in predicting climate variability on seasonal to centennial time scales. This report evaluates the performance of the U.S. CLIVAR Project Office (PO) in fulfilling its charge from supporting agencies. The report concludes that the project office is vital for coordinating US CLIVAR activities and is effective despite limited resources. It also provides suggestions for enhancing the communications from and visibility of US CLIVAR activities and for developing strategic directions for the future.
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 380 |
| Release | : 1999-11-09 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 0309067839 |
Download Our Common Journey Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
World human population is expected to reach upwards of 9 billion by 2050 and then level off over the next half-century. How can the transition to a stabilizing population also be a transition to sustainability? How can science and technology help to ensure that human needs are met while the planet's environment is nurtured and restored? Our Common Journey examines these momentous questions to draw strategic connections between scientific research, technological development, and societies' efforts to achieve environmentally sustainable improvements in human well being. The book argues that societies should approach sustainable development not as a destination but as an ongoing, adaptive learning process. Speaking to the next two generations, it proposes a strategy for using scientific and technical knowledge to better inform future action in the areas of fertility reduction, urban systems, agricultural production, energy and materials use, ecosystem restoration and biodiversity conservation, and suggests an approach for building a new research agenda for sustainability science. Our Common Journey documents large-scale historical currents of social and environmental change and reviews methods for "what if" analysis of possible future development pathways and their implications for sustainability. The book also identifies the greatest threats to sustainabilityâ€"in areas such as human settlements, agriculture, industry, and energyâ€"and explores the most promising opportunities for circumventing or mitigating these threats. It goes on to discuss what indicators of change, from children's birth-weights to atmosphere chemistry, will be most useful in monitoring a transition to sustainability.
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 167 |
| Release | : 2004-01-02 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0309090725 |
Download Understanding Climate Change Feedbacks Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
During the past decade, scientists have learned much about the complex natural processes that influence climate variability and change, and our ability to model climate has increased significantly. We also have begun to better identify those parts of the climate system that are particularly important and not well understood and that therefore limit our ability to project the future evolution of Earth's climate. One of these critical areas is our understanding of the role of feedbacks in the climate system and their role in determining climate sensitivity. Feedbacks are processes in the climate system that can either amplify or dampen the system's response to changed forcings. This study looks at what is known and not known about climate change feedbacks and seeks to identify the feedback processes most in need of improved understanding. It identifies key observations needed to monitor and understand climate feedbacks, discusses ways to evaluate progress in understanding climate feedbacks, recommends ways to improve climate modeling and analysis for climate feedbacks research, and identifies priority areas for research.
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 65 |
| Release | : 1999-03-01 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 030918455X |
Download Adequacy of Climate Observing Systems Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The 1997 Conference on the World Climate Research Programme to the Third Conference of the Parties of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change concluded that the global capacity to observe the Earth's climate system is inadequate and is deteriorating worldwide. As a result, the chair of the subcommittee of the U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) requested a National Research Council study to assess the current status of the climate observing capabilities of the United States. This report focuses on existing observing systems for detection and attribution of climate change, with special emphasis on those systems with long time series.
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 47 |
| Release | : 1999-12-04 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0309066484 |
Download Hydrologic Science Priorities for the U.S. Global Change Research Program Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The availability of fresh water is potentially one of the most pervasive crises of the coming century. Water-related decisions will determine the future of major ecosystems, the health of regional economies, and the political stability of nations. A vigorous program of research in hydrologic sciences can provide the basis for sound water management at local, regional, national, and international levels. The Committee on Hydrologic Science was established by the National Research Council in 1999 to identify priorities for hydrologic science that will ensure its vitality as a scientific discipline in service of societal needs. This charge will be performed principally through a series of studies that provide scientific advice on the hydrologic aspects of national program and U.S. hydrologic contributions to international programs. This first report contains a preliminary assessment of the hydrologic science content of the U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP). Because this is a short and focused report, little effort is spent to reaffirm the established and successful elements of the USGCRP. In fact, the Committee generally endorses the findings of the National Research Council (NRC) report Global Environmental Change: Research Pathways for the Next Decade (NRC, 1998a; the so-called Pathways report) in this respect. Instead the attention here is directed toward the most critical missing hydrologic science elements in the FY2000 USGCRP. This brings the focus to the terrestrial component of the water cycle. The integrative nature of terrestrial hydrology could significantly strengthen the USGCRP.
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 192 |
| Release | : 2010-10-08 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 030915183X |
Download Assessment of Intraseasonal to Interannual Climate Prediction and Predictability Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
More accurate forecasts of climate conditions over time periods of weeks to a few years could help people plan agricultural activities, mitigate drought, and manage energy resources, amongst other activities; however, current forecast systems have limited ability on these time- scales. Models for such climate forecasts must take into account complex interactions among the ocean, atmosphere, and land surface. Such processes can be difficult to represent realistically. To improve the quality of forecasts, this book makes recommendations about the development of the tools used in forecasting and about specific research goals for improving understanding of sources of predictability. To improve the accessibility of these forecasts to decision-makers and researchers, this book also suggests best practices to improve how forecasts are made and disseminated.
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 154 |
| Release | : 2000-09-11 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0309171695 |
Download Illuminating the Hidden Planet Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Despite our reliance on the ocean and its resources, it remains a frontier for scientific exploration and discovery. Seafloor observatoriesâ€"unmanned systems of instruments, sensors, and command modulesâ€"will have power and communication capabilities to provide support for spatially distributed sensing systems and mobile platforms. Illuminating the Hidden Planet is a voyage to the bottom of the sea, advancing oceanographic science further through long time-series measurements, to discover the mysteries of the deep that have, until now, avoided scientific opportunity.
| Author | : Panel on Climate Variability on Decade-to-Century Time Scales |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 161 |
| Release | : 1998-12-08 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0309523869 |
Download Decade-to-Century-Scale Climate Variability and Change Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Society today may be more vulnerable to global-scale, long-term, climate change than ever before. Even without any human influence, past records show that climate can be expected to continue to undergo considerable change over decades to centuries. Measures for adaption and mitigation will call for policy decisions based on a sound scientific foundation. Better understanding and prediction of climate variations can be achieved most efficiently through a nationally recognized "dec-cen" science plan. This book articulates the scientific issues that must be addressed to advance us efficiently toward that understanding and outlines the data collection and modeling needed.
