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| Author | : Chiara M. Travisi |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 44 |
| Release | : 2004 |
| Genre | : Meta-analysis |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : d J. G. M. M. Florax |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2013 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
We review the empirical valuation literature on pesticide risk exposure and develop a taxonomy of environmental and human health risks associated with pesticide usage. Meta-analysis is then used to investigate the variation in willingness to pay (WTP) estimates for reduced pesticide risk exposure. Our findings show that the WTP for reduced risk exposure is 15 per cent greater for medium, and 80 per cent greater for high risk levels, as compared with low risk levels. The income elasticity of reduced pesticide risk exposure is generally not significantly different from zero. Stated preference approaches based on choice experiments and revealed preference provide lower WTP estimates than contingent valuation techniques. Survey design, type of safety device (eco-labelling, integrated pest management, or bans) and chosen payment vehicle are important drivers of the valuation results.
| Author | : Kelly B. Maguire |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 29 |
| Release | : 2004 |
| Genre | : Environmental risk assessment |
| ISBN | : |
Studies that estimate the benefits of reduced environmental exposure typically assume that individuals know the true magnitude of the risk reduction. This issue has not been resolved with respect to adult risk reductions and becomes even more complicated when considering risk reductions to small children. We report results from focus groups with parents of small children regarding their risk perceptions over organic and conventional babyfood. Our results yield surprisingly consistent results between scientific and perceived risks. Previous literature reports a scientific risk reduction estimate of 1.98 per million, reflecting the reduced risk of death from cancer by avoiding pesticides in foods during the first year of life. The results from our focus groups show that parents estimate that the median risk reduction ranges from 1 to 8 per million, depending on specific demographic characteristics. Individuals with less than a four-year college degree provide the highest estimates, while women, those with more education and purchasers of organic babyfood provide lower estimates. We use these results to estimate parental willingness to pay for pesticide risk reductions to their children. Results show that parents in our focus groups who purchase organic babyfood express a value of a statistical cancer of approximately $9 million. These results provide a lower bound on the estimate for the value of reduced cancer risk from pesticide exposure in the first year of life.
| Author | : Moshe Coll |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 452 |
| Release | : 2017-07-25 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1119255562 |
A wide-ranging, interdisciplinary exploration of key topics that interrelate pest management, public health and the environment This book takes a unique, multidimensional approach to addressing the complex issues surrounding pest management activities and their impacts on the environment and human health, and environmental effects on plant protection practices. It features contributions by a distinguished group of authors from ten countries, representing an array of disciplines. They include plant protection scientists and officers, economists, agronomists, ecologists, environmental and public health scientists and government policymakers. Over the course of eighteen chapters, those experts share their insights into and analyses of an array of issues of vital concern to everyone with a professional interest in this important subject. The adverse effects of pest control have become a subject of great concern worldwide, and researchers and enlightened policymakers have at last begun to appreciate the impact of environmental factors on our ability to manage pest populations. Moreover, while issues such as pesticide toxicity have dominated the global conversation about pest management, economic and societal considerations have been largely neglected. Environmental Pest Management: Challenges for Agronomists, Ecologists, Economists and Policymakers is the first work to provide in-depth coverage of all of these pressing issues between the covers of one book. Offers a unique multi-dimensional perspective on the complex issues surrounding pest management activities and their effect on the environment and human health Addresses growing concerns about specific pest management strategies, including the use of transgenic crops and biological controls Analyses the influence of global processes, such as climate change, biological invasions and shifts in consumer demand, and ecosystem services and disservices on pest suppression efforts Explores public health concerns regarding biodiversity, pesticide use and food safety Identifies key economic drivers of pest suppression research, strategies and technologies Proposes new regulatory approaches to create sustainable and viable crop protection systems in the framework of agro-environmental schemes Offering a timely and comprehensively-unique treatment of pest management and its environmental impacts in a single, inter-disciplinary volume, this book is a valuable resource for scientists in an array of disciplines, as well as government officials and policymakers. Also, teachers of undergraduate and graduate level courses in a variety of fields are sure to find it a highly useful teaching resource.
| Author | : Silvia Tiezzi |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 261 |
| Release | : 2014-07-11 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1317820347 |
The purpose of this collection of essays is to shed some light on the complex relationship between environmental quality and the distribution of income. Are the preferences of the poor towards a cleaner environment really different from those of the rich? Environmental economists have traditionally focused on efficiency issues. In their analyses the quality of the environment is usually related to aggregate or average variables, like per capita income; policy recommendations are usually formulated considering efficiency with no regard for equity and also the predicted effects of policies are evaluated in aggregate terms. The essays collected in this volume go into the problem of the relationship between environmental quality and income distribution. The book’s opening essay shows how different theories of economic growth and environmental quality seem to suggest that the higher the level of income the higher is the value of environmental protection. The essays that follow, a mix of already published papers and of papers solicited for this book, analyse the relationship between environmental quality and income distribution from different perspectives (both micro and macro) and on the basis of more than one methodology. This book highlights that the preferences of the poor towards a cleaner environment may differ from those of the rich, but income is also very likely to represent only one factor affecting them. The essays consider other relevant factors affecting preferences for environmental quality. What clearly emerges is that the distribution of costs and benefits of environmental policies is the key for their successful implementation, and that further research is needed to both address the distributional effects themselves and the strategies to mitigate them.
| Author | : Jayson Lusk |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 922 |
| Release | : 2011-09-08 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 0199569444 |
First reference on food consumption and policy.
| Author | : John Whitehead |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 343 |
| Release | : 2012-03-15 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1136812229 |
The monetary valuation of environmental goods and services has evolved from a fringe field of study in the late 1970s and early 1980s to a primary focus of environmental economists over the past decade. Despite its rapid growth, practitioners of valuation techniques often find themselves defending their practices to both users of the results of applied studies and, perhaps more troubling, to other practitioners. One of the more heated threads of this internal debate over valuation techniques revolves around the types of data to use in performing a valuation study. In the infant years of the development of valuation techniques, two schools of thought emerged: the revealed preference school and the stated preference school, the latter of which is perhaps most associated with the contingent valuation method. In the midst of this debate an exciting new approach to non-market valuation was developed in the 1990s: a combination and joint estimation of revealed preference and stated preference data. There are two primary objectives for this book. One objective is to fill a gap in the nonmarket valuation "primer" literature. A number of books have appeared over the past decade that develop the theory and methods of nonmarket valuation but each takes an individual nonmarket valuation method approach. This book considers each of these valuation methods in combination with another method. These relationships can be exploited econometrically to obtain more valid and reliable estimates of willingness-to-pay relative to the individual methods. The second objective is to showcase recent and novel applications of data combination and joint estimation via a set of original, state-of-the-art studies that are contributed by leading researchers in the field. This book will be accessible to economists and consultants working in business or government, as well as an invaluable resource for researchers and students alike.
| Author | : R. Carson |
| Publisher | : Edward Elgar Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 464 |
| Release | : 2012-01-01 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 085793628X |
This major reference work the first of its kind provides a comprehensive and authoritative introduction to the large and growing literature on contingent valuation. It includes entries on over 7,500 contingent valuation papers and studies from over 130 countries covering both the published and grey literatures. This book provides an interpretive historical account of the development of contingent valuation, the most commonly used approach to placing a value on goods not normally sold in the marketplace. The major fields catalogued here include culture, the environment, and health application. This bibliography is an ideal starting point for researchers wanting to find other studies that have valued goods or used techniques similar to those they are interested in. For those wanting to conduct meta analyses, the book will serve as an invaluable guide to source material. For those wanting to conduct meta analyses, the book will serve as an invaluable guide to source material. In addition to the print edition we offer access, for purchasers of the book, to a website providing the contents of as a searchable Word document and in a variety of standard bibliographic database forms. Contingent Valuation is an indispensable reference source for researchers, scholars and policymakers concerned with survey approaches to the problem of environmental valuation.
| Author | : Glenn C. Blomquist |
| Publisher | : Emerald Group Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 310 |
| Release | : 2014-08-18 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1784410284 |
It is fundamental to measure the individual value of different medical interventions in order to prioritise resources. Preference-based approaches can produce measures that allow comparisons of such values. This volume covers altruism within families, differences in risk attitudes, and estimation of health benefits of food safety.
| Author | : Professor Adam Lindgreen |
| Publisher | : Gower Publishing, Ltd. |
| Total Pages | : 392 |
| Release | : 2012-08-28 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1409459578 |
Food and agribusiness is one of the fastest changing global markets; change that is driven by technology, developments in manufacturing and supply, and a growing consumer engagement. The success of the agri-food industry and many of our household brand names will depend on how much you understand about these changes and the extent to which you can deliver secure and competitive products in the face of growing expectations about food safety and quality, as well as changing attitudes about the environment, human diet and nutrition, and animal welfare. The Crisis of Food Brands offers perspectives on many key aspects of these changes including the role of business, policy-makers, and the media in communicating with and engaging stakeholders about: o relevant and dynamic models of risk and crisis management; o the value of innovative and, sometimes controversial, food systems; o their buying behaviour and attitudes to movements such as organic and fair trade; o how and where we source and buy our food now (and in the future). The quality of the original research that underpins this book and the imagination and practicality with which the authors address its applications for the industry is first rate. Anyone with responsibility for marketing food, communicating about the food industry, or engaging with consumers will find this an important source of ideas and inspiration.
