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| Author | : John Bongaarts |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 108 |
| Release | : 1978 |
| Genre | : Birth control |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : John Bongaarts |
| Publisher | : Academic Press |
| Total Pages | : 245 |
| Release | : 2013-10-22 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0080916988 |
Fertility, Biology, and Behavior: An Analysis of the Proximate Determinants presents the proximate determinants of natural fertility. This book discusses the biological and behavioral dimensions of human fertility that are linked to intermediate fertility variables. Organized into nine chapters, this book begins with an overview of the mechanisms through which socioeconomic variables influence fertility. This text then examines the absolute and relative age-specific marital fertility rates of selected populations. Other chapters consider the trends in total fertility rates of selected countries, including Colombia, Kenya, Korea, Indonesia, Mexico, Pakistan, France, and United States. This book discusses as well the effects of deliberate marital fertility control through contraception and induced abortion. The final chapter deals with the management of sex composition and implications for birth spacing. This book is a valuable resource for reproductive physiologists, social scientists, demographers, statisticians, biologists, and graduate students with an interest in the biological and behavioral control of human fertility.
| Author | : John Bongaarts |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 36 |
| Release | : 1980 |
| Genre | : Fertility, Human |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 396 |
| Release | : 1993-02-01 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 0309049423 |
This overview includes chapters on child mortality, adult mortality, fertility, proximate determinants, marriage, internal migration, international migration, and the demographic impact of AIDS.
| Author | : Richard A. Easterlin |
| Publisher | : University of Chicago Press |
| Total Pages | : 232 |
| Release | : 1985-10 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9780226180298 |
For most of human history a "natural fertility" regime has prevailed throughout the world: there has been almost no conscious limitation of family size within marriage, and women have spent their reproductive lives tied to the "wheel of childbearing." Only recently in developed countries has fertility been brought under conscious control by individual couples and childbearing fallen to an average of two births per woman. The explanation of this "fertility revolution" is the main concern of this book. Richard A. Easterlin and Eileen M. Crimmins present and test a fertility theory that has gained increasing attention over the last decade, a "supply-demand theory" that integrates economic and sociological approaches to fertility determination. The results of the tests, which draw on data from four developing countries—Colombia, India, Sri Lanka, and Taiwan—are highly consistent, though a number of the conclusions are likely to arouse controversy. For example, couples' motivation for fertility control appears to be the prime mover in the fertility revolution, rather than access to family planning services or unfavorable attitudes toward such services. The interdisciplinary approach and nontechnical exposition of this study will attract a wide readership among economists, sociologists, demographers, anthropologists, statisticians, biologists, and others.
| Author | : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 89 |
| Release | : 2016-03-18 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 0309381193 |
Fertility rates and population growth influence economic development. The marked declines in fertility seen in some developing nations have been accompanied by slowing population growth, which in turn provided a window of opportunity for rapid economic growth. For many sub-Saharan African nations, this window has not yet opened because fertility rates have not declined as rapidly there as elsewhere. Fertility rates in many sub-Saharan African countries are high: the total rate for the region is estimated to be 5.1 births per woman, and rates that had begun to decline in many countries in the region have stalled. High rates of fertility in these countries are likely to contribute to continued rapid population growth: the United Nations projects that the region's population will increase by 1.2 billion by 2050, the highest growth among the regions for which there are projections. In June 2015, the Committee on Population organized a workshop to explore fertility trends and the factors that have influenced them. The workshop committee was asked to explore history and trends related to fertility, proximate determinants and other influences, the status and impact of family planning programs, and prospects for further reducing fertility rates. This study will help donors, researchers, and policy makers better understand the factors that may explain the slow pace of fertility decline in this region, and develop methods to improve family planning in sub-Saharan Africa.
| Author | : Rodolfo A. Bulatao |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 888 |
| Release | : 1983 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : |
Focuses on substantive problems and summarizes research regarding the determinants of fertility differentials and fertility change in developing countries.
| Author | : Graziella Caselli |
| Publisher | : Academic Press |
| Total Pages | : 2857 |
| Release | : 2006-01-03 |
| Genre | : Reference |
| ISBN | : 012765660X |
This four-volume collection of over 140 original chapters covers virtually everything of interest to demographers, sociologists, and others. Over 100 authors present population subjects in ways that provoke thinking and lead to the creation of new perspectives, not just facts and equations to be memorized. The articles follow a theory-methods-applications approach and so offer a kind of "one-stop shop" that is well suited for students and professors who need non-technical summaries, such as political scientists, public affairs specialists, and others. Unlike shorter handbooks, Demography: Analysis and Synthesis offers a long overdue, thorough treatment of the field. Choosing the analytical method that fits the data and the situation requires insights that the authors and editors of Demography: Analysis and Synthesis have explored and developed. This extended examination of demographic tools not only seeks to explain the analytical tools themselves, but also the relationships between general population dynamics and their natural, economic, social, political, and cultural environments. Limiting themselves to human populations only, the authors and editors cover subjects that range from the core building blocks of population change--fertility, mortality, and migration--to the consequences of demographic changes in the biological and health fields, population theories and doctrines, observation systems, and the teaching of demography. The international perspectives brought to these subjects is vital for those who want an unbiased, rounded overview of these complex, multifaceted subjects. Topics to be covered: * Population Dynamics and the Relationship Between Population Growth and Structure * The Determinants of Fertility * The Determinants of Mortality * The Determinants of Migration * Historical and Geographical Determinants of Population * The Effects of Population on Health, Economics, Culture, and the Environment * Population Policies * Data Collection Methods and Teaching about Population Studies * All chapters share a common format * Each chapter features several cross-references to other chapters * Tables, charts, and other non-text features are widespread * Each chapter contains at least 30 bibliographic citations
| Author | : Robert Black |
| Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
| Total Pages | : 419 |
| Release | : 2016-04-11 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1464803684 |
The evaluation of reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health (RMNCH) by the Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (DCP3) focuses on maternal conditions, childhood illness, and malnutrition. Specifically, the chapters address acute illness and undernutrition in children, principally under age 5. It also covers maternal mortality, morbidity, stillbirth, and influences to pregnancy and pre-pregnancy. Volume 3 focuses on developments since the publication of DCP2 and will also include the transition to older childhood, in particular, the overlap and commonality with the child development volume. The DCP3 evaluation of these conditions produced three key findings: 1. There is significant difficulty in measuring the burden of key conditions such as unintended pregnancy, unsafe abortion, nonsexually transmitted infections, infertility, and violence against women. 2. Investments in the continuum of care can have significant returns for improved and equitable access, health, poverty, and health systems. 3. There is a large difference in how RMNCH conditions affect different income groups; investments in RMNCH can lessen the disparity in terms of both health and financial risk.
| Author | : Caroline Kisato |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2021 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Fertility decline in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has been exceptional as compared to other regions globally. The speed of fertility decline has been slower in most African countries with an average total fertility rate (TFR) of 4.7 children per woman in 2015-2020 (United Nations, 2019). This figure is more than double the average rate of other world regions (Asia, Caribbean, Europe and Latin America) whose fertility levels have declined to 2.2 children per woman or less. The high fertility rates in SSA are contributing to an increase in population growth with projections expecting the number to double by 2050. This “African exception” is raising concern for researchers and policy makers. -- This study uses secondary data from the most recent Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) of Ethiopia (2000, 2005, 2011, 2016), Kenya (2003, 2008-09, 2014), Malawi (2000, 2004, 2010, 2015-16) and Mali (2001, 2006, 2012-12, 2018) to conduct analysis of fertility rates among ages 15-24. There are approximately 880 million young women aged 15-24 years globally (UNAIDS, 2014). Sub-Saharan Africa comprises of an adolescent population of more than 250 million (20% globally) aged 10-19 and expected to increase to 24% by 2030 (United Nations, 2019). Whereas adolescent youth are projected to decline in Asia from “715 million in 2015 to 711 in 2030 and 619 million in 2060”, Africa is experiencing a rapid growth with projections of 42% increase by 2030 (UN population, 2015). Adolescents and young women aged 15-24 in SSA face myriad challenges such as child marriage, adolescent childbearing, low use of modern contraceptives, unwanted pregnancies, unsafe abortion practices and low levels of education attainment. The Bongaarts framework of proximate determinants of fertility is used to interpret the data. -- This study revealed that there is a relationship between education attainment of women ages 15-24 and the proximate determinants of fertility (age at first birth, index of contraception use and breastfeeding). A higher percentage of women of childbearing age with higher education levels were using modern contraceptives as compared to those women with no formal education. In contrast, the median duration of postpartum is higher among women with no formal education in contrast to women with higher education. More women in all education categories are using some sort of modern contraceptive as compared with traditional or folk methods of contraception. However, fewer women with secondary or higher education are breastfeeding which has repercussions on the wellbeing of mother and child. -- This study confirms that the education attainment of women ages 15-24 slows down fertility rates in the selected four countries as the women delay age at first marriage and utilise modern contraceptives.
