World Health Organization On Tb Infection Control In Health Care Facilites Congregate Settings And Households PDF Download
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Author | : Fabio Scano |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 40 |
Release | : 2009 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9789241598323 |
Download World Health Organization on TB Infection Control in Health - Care Facilites, Congregate Settings and Households Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This document is an evidence-based policy for the implementation of sound tuberculosis (TB) infection control by all stakeholders. The evidence base for the policy was established through a systematic literature review. The review highlighted some areas where evidence supports interventions that add value to TB infection control. A number of recommendations were developed, based on this evidence and on additional factors, such as feasibility, programmatic implementation and anticipated cost.
Author | : World Health Organization |
Publisher | : World Health Organization |
Total Pages | : 60 |
Release | : 2022-08-12 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 9240055886 |
Download WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
One of the targets of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for the period 2015-2030 is to end the global TB epidemic. In line with this target, the WHO End TB Strategy, approved by the World Health Assembly in 2014, calls for a 90% reduction in TB deaths and an 80% decrease in the TB incidence rate by 2030. The strategy emphasizes the need for prevention across all approaches, including infection prevention and control (IPC) in health care services and other settings where the risk of Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission is high. IPC practices are vital to reduce the risk of M. tuberculosis transmission, by reducing the concentration of infectious droplet nuclei in the air and the exposure of susceptible individuals to such aerosols. Initial WHO recommendations on TB IPC focused primarily on decreasing the risk of transmission in health care facilities in resource-limited settings.17,18 These initial recommendations were then expanded in 2009 to provide further guidance on the use of specific measures for health care facilities, congregate settings and households. After the 2009 guidelines had been in effect for almost 10 years, the need for an update was anticipated, to provide a revised evidence assessment, reinforcing earlier recommendations and linking to core components of effective IPC programmes overall. The present updated guidelines also stress the importance of implementing IPC measures in a systematic and objective way that prioritizes consideration of the hierarchy of IPC controls.
Author | : King K. Holmes |
Publisher | : World Bank Publications |
Total Pages | : 1027 |
Release | : 2017-11-06 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 1464805253 |
Download Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 6) Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death globally, particularly among children and young adults. The spread of new pathogens and the threat of antimicrobial resistance pose particular challenges in combating these diseases. Major Infectious Diseases identifies feasible, cost-effective packages of interventions and strategies across delivery platforms to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, malaria, adult febrile illness, viral hepatitis, and neglected tropical diseases. The volume emphasizes the need to effectively address emerging antimicrobial resistance, strengthen health systems, and increase access to care. The attainable goals are to reduce incidence, develop innovative approaches, and optimize existing tools in resource-constrained settings.
Author | : |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : |
Release | : 2010 |
Genre | : Health planning |
ISBN | : |
Download An Advocacy Strategy for Adoption and Dissemination of the WHO Policy on TB Infection Control in Health-care Facilities, Congregate Settings and Households Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : World Health Organization |
Publisher | : World Health Organization |
Total Pages | : 72 |
Release | : 2022-04-30 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 924004812X |
Download WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 4 Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Between 2011 and 2019, WHO has developed and issued evidence-based policy recommendations on the treatment and care of patients with DR-TB. These policy recommendations have been presented in several WHO documents and their associated annexes, including the WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment, issued by WHO in March 2019. The policy recommendations in each of these guidelines have been developed by WHO-convened Guideline Development Groups, using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) approach to summarize the evidence, and formulate policy recommendations and accompanying remarks. The present WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Tuberculosis, Module 4: Treatment - Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment includes a comprehensive set of WHO recommendations for the treatment and care of DR-TB. The document includes two new recommendations, one on the composition of shorter regimens and one on the use of the BPaL regimen (i.e. bedaquiline, pretomanid and linezolid). In addition, the consolidated guidelines include existing recommendations on treatment regimens for isoniazid-resistant TB and MDR/RR-TB, including longer regimens, culture monitoring of patients on treatment, the timing of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in MDR/RR-TB patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the use of surgery for patients receiving MDR-TB treatment, and optimal models of patient support and care. The guidelines are to be used primarily in national TB programmes, or their equivalents in Ministries of Health, and for other policy-makers and technical organizations working on TB and infectious diseases in public and private sectors and in the community.
Author | : Institute of Medicine |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 334 |
Release | : 2001-05-15 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 0309171253 |
Download Tuberculosis in the Workplace Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Before effective treatments were introduced in the 1950s, tuberculosis was a leading cause of death and disability in the United States. Health care workers were at particular risk. Although the occupational risk of tuberculosis has been declining in recent years, this new book from the Institute of Medicine concludes that vigilance in tuberculosis control is still needed in workplaces and communities. Tuberculosis in the Workplace reviews evidence about the effectiveness of control measuresâ€"such as those recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Preventionâ€"intended to prevent transmission of tuberculosis in health care and other workplaces. It discusses whether proposed regulations from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration would likely increase or sustain compliance with effective control measures and would allow adequate flexibility to adapt measures to the degree of risk facing workers.
Author | : World Health Organization |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2015-02-05 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 9789241548748 |
Download Guidance for National Tuberculosis Programmes on the Management of Tuberculosis in Children Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
It is estimated that one third of the world's population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (the bacterium that causes tuberculosis (TB)), and that each year, about 9 million people develop TB, of whom about 2 million die. Of the 9 million annual TB cases, about 1 million (11%) occur in children (under 15 years of age). Of these childhood cases, 75% occur annually in 22 high-burden countries that together account for 80% of the world's estimated incident cases. In countries worldwide, the reported percentage of all TB cases occurring in children varies from 3% to more than 25%. The Stop TB Strategy, which builds on the DOTS strategy developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Union Against TB and Lung Disease, has a critical role in reducing the worldwide burden of disease and thus in protecting children from infection and disease. The management of children with TB should be in line with the Stop TB Strategy, taking into consideration the particular epidemiology and clinical presentation of TB in children. These consensus guidelines were produced to help the National Tuberculosis Programmes on the management of tuberculosis in children.
Author | : A. D. Harries |
Publisher | : World Health Organization |
Total Pages | : 213 |
Release | : 2004 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 9241546344 |
Download TB/HIV Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This manual is designed for health professionals working in high HIV and TB prevalence countries. It summarises the characteristics of both diseases and their interactions. It concentrates particularly on the problems of diagnosis and management both in adults and children and summarises the other HIV related illnesses the clinician might encounter.
Author | : World Health Organization |
Publisher | : World Health Organization |
Total Pages | : 140 |
Release | : 2013 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 9241548606 |
Download Systematic Screening for Active Tuberculosis Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
There have been calls to revisit the experiences of TB screening campaigns that were widely applied in Europe and North America in the mid-20th century, as well as more recent experiences with TB screening in countries with a high burden of the disease, and to assess their possible relevance for TB care and prevention in the 21st century. In response, WHO has developed guidelines on screening for active TB. An extensive review of the evidence has been undertaken. The review suggests that screening, if done in the right way and targeting the right people, may reduce suffering and death, but the review also highlights several reasons to be cautious. As discussed in detail in this book, there is a need to balance potential benefits against the risks and costs of screening; this conclusion is mirrored by the history of TB screening. This publication presents the first comprehensive assessment by WHO of the appropriateness of screening for active TB since the recommendations made in 1974 by the Expert Committee. However, the relative effectiveness and cost effectiveness of screening remain uncertain, a point that is underscored by the systematic reviews presented in this guideline. Evidence suggests that some risk groups should always be screened, whereas the prioritization of other risk groups as well as the choice of screening approach depend on the epidemiology, the health-system context, and the resources available. This book sets out basic principles for prioritizing risk groups and choosing a screening approach; it also emphasizes the importance of assessing the epidemiological situation, adapting approaches to local situations, integrating TB screening into other health-promotion activities, minimizing the risk of harm to individuals, and engaging in continual monitoring and evaluation. It calls for more and better research to assess the impact of screening and to develop and evaluate new screening tests and approaches.
Author | : World Health Organization |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 294 |
Release | : 2019-08-12 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9789241565714 |
Download Global Tuberculosis Report 2019 Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
WHO has published a global TB report every year since 1997. The main aim of the report is to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the TB epidemic, and of progress in prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the disease, at global, regional and country levels. This is done in the context of recommended global TB strategies and targets endorsed by WHO?s Member States, broader development goals set by the United Nations (UN) and targets set in the political declaration at the first UN high-level meeting on TB (held in September 2018). The 2019 edition of the global TB report was released on 17 October 2019. The data in this report are updated annually. Please note that direct comparisons between estimates of TB disease burden in the latest report and previous reports are not appropriate. The most recent time-series of estimates are published in the 2019 global TB report.