Tritium and Radiocarbon
Author | : Willard F. Libby |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 664 |
Release | : 1981 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : |
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Author | : Willard F. Libby |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 664 |
Release | : 1981 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : |
Author | : |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 804 |
Release | : 1965 |
Genre | : Radiocarbon dating |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Theodorus H. Hufen |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : |
Release | : 1972 |
Genre | : Carbon |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Willard F Libby |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : |
Release | : 1980 |
Genre | : Radiocarbon dating |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Bommadeni Arun |
Publisher | : Self Employed |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2023-03-28 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Tritium and radiocarbon are pure beta emitters. Tritium has an average energy of 5.7 keV and endpoint energy of 18.6 keV [1]. Radiocarbon has an average energy of 49.5 keV and endpoint energy of 156 keV. The half-life of tritium and radiocarbon is 12.3 years and 5730 years, respectively. Hydrogen has three isotopes, namely hydrogen (1H), deuterium (2H), and tritium (3H). Among the three isotopes, tritium alone is a radioactive isotope. The natural abundance of hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium are 99.985%, 0.015%, and 1x10-18%. Carbon is also having three isotopes 12C, 13C, and 14C. The isotopes 12C and 13C are stable, whereas 14C is radioactive. The natural abundance of 12C, 13C and 14C are approximately 98.89%%, 1.11% and 1.2 x 10-10% respectively. Tritium is continuously produced in the atmosphere with cosmic-ray induced neutron activation of atmospheric gases. The reaction occurs with fast neutrons. The threshold neutron energy for the 14N (1n, 3H) 12C is 4 MeV [1].
Author | : Rolf Voges |
Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
Total Pages | : 682 |
Release | : 2009-03-12 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 9780470743430 |
Compounds labeled with carbon-14 and tritium are indispensable tools for research in biomedical sciences, discovery and development of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. Preparation of Compounds Labeled with Tritium and Carbon-14 is a comprehensive, authoritative and up-to-date discussion of the strategies, synthetic approaches, reactions techniques, and resources for the preparation of compounds labeled with either of these isotopes. A large number of examples are presented for the use of isotopic sources and building blocks in the preparation of labeled target compounds, illustrating the range of possibilities for embedding isotopic labels in selected moieties of complex structures. Topics include: Formulation of synthetic strategies for preparing labeled compounds Isotope exchange methods and synthetic alternatives for preparing tritiated compounds In-depth discussion of carbon-14 building blocks and their utility in synthesis Preparation of enantiomerically pure isotopically labeled compounds Applications of biotransformations Preparation of Compounds Labeled with Tritium and Carbon-14 is an essential guide to the specialist strategies and tactics used by chemists to prepare compounds tagged with theradioactive atoms carbon-14 and tritium.
Author | : Willard F. Libby |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : |
Release | : 1981 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Willard F. Libby |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : |
Release | : 1981 |
Genre | : Radiocarbon dating |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Willard Frank Libby |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 736 |
Release | : 1981 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9780941054003 |
Author | : D. Galeriu |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : |
Release | : 2003 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |