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Author | : Eric Duveneck |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2004 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9783832506476 |
Download Tomographic Determination of Seismic Velocity Models with Kinematic Wavefield Attributes Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
For the transformation of recorded seismic reflection data into a depth image a seismic velocity model is required. In this thesis, a new tomographic method for the determination of such velocity models is presented which makes use of traveltime information in the form of kinematic wavefield attributes. These attributes are the coefficients of second-order traveltime approximations and can be extracted from the seismic data by means of coherence analyses, e.g., by applying the common-reflection-surface (CRS) stack method. Compared to conventional reflection tomography which requires picking of reflection events in the prestack data, the use of kinematic wavefield attributes leads to considerable practical advantages: the attributes required for the tomographic inversion are taken from the CRS stack results at a number of pick locations in the stacked section. For each considered data point, these attributes can be interpreted in terms of the second-order traveltimes of an emerging wavefront due to a hypothetical point source in the subsurface. During the inversion process, a model is found that minimizes the misfit between these data and the corresponding quantities modeled by dynamic ray tracing. In the thesis, the complete theory of the method, as well as practical applications are presented. Starting with an overview of the required aspects of ray theory and the CRS stack method, the general concept of the new tomographic inversion approach is developed. The method is then discussed in detail for the case of 1D, 2D, and 3D tomographic inversion and the entire process of deriving a velocity model is demonstrated on a synthetic and on a real 2D seismic dataset.
Author | : Steffen Bergler |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2004 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9783832506155 |
Download On the Determination and Use of Kinematic Wavefield Attributes for 3D Seismic Imaging Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
In the last two decades a lot of effort has been directed towards methods that have the potential to succeed in imaging complex 3D subsurface structures from multi-coverage seismic data. The necessity of an estimate for the wave propagation velocities, required for transforming the data from the time domain to the depth domain, poses one of the fundamental problems in seismic imaging. Inadequate velocity models distort the final depth image. So-called data-oriented approaches are a class of imaging methods that avoid the explicit parameterisation of a velocity model in the first imaging steps. Instead, the data-oriented approaches parameterise the reflection events in the time domain and try to obtain as much information as possible from the measured data. The extracted information is then used to transform the seismic data into depth. The common-reflection-surface (CRS) stack is one of the data-oriented imaging approaches. This method makes use of second-order traveltime approximations in order to describe seismic reflection events in the time domain. For the processing of data from a 3D acquisition, the traveltime equations can be used as stacking operators to simulate a zero-offset (ZO) volume of high accuracy and high signal-to-noise ratio from multi-coverage prestack data. During the stack, reflection energy from the entire five-dimensional data hyper-volume enters into the construction of one ZO sample. The eight parameters, which express the traveltime approximation for the ZO case, relate to kinematic wavefield attributes. These locally describe the propagation directions and curvatures of specific wavefronts at the Earth's surface which have travelled through the subsurface. Thus, the kinematic wavefield attributes constitute integral quantities of the medium's parameters and are suitable to estimate the properties of the Earth's interior. The accurate determination of the wavefield attributes is, therefore, a crucial step in the CRS processing. In this thesis the derivation of the traveltime approximations is presented. The kinematic wavefield attributes are introduced by means of concepts known from geometrical optics. The determination of the eight kinematic wavefield attributes for the ZO case from 3D multi-coverage seismic data is elaborated. The applications of the attributes to support and facilitate 3D seismic imaging are discussed. In this context emphasis is put on the utilisation of the kinematic wavefield attributes for the 3D CRS stack. The proposed search algorithms are validated on a synthetic data example and have shown to be successful. Finally, the 3D CRS stack is applied to a real marine dataset. In this way the functionality of the search algorithms on complex data is verified. Moreover, the imaging quality of the 3D CRS stack is checked by migrating the simulated ZO volume to depth and comparing the obtained result with the result from a prestack depth migration. The comparison shows that the CRS based result is competitive to the result of the prestack depth migration. Thus, CRS based imaging is an alternative to prestack depth migration due to the good imaging quality and also due to the provided information in form of the kinematic wavefield attributes.
Author | : Biondo Biondi |
Publisher | : SEG Books |
Total Pages | : 248 |
Release | : 2006 |
Genre | : Computers |
ISBN | : 1560801379 |
Download 3D Seismic Imaging Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Accompanying CD-ROM includes PDF slides for teaching the material in the book and the C3-narrow-azimuth classic data set.
Author | : Tien-when Lo |
Publisher | : SEG Books |
Total Pages | : 187 |
Release | : 1994 |
Genre | : Seismic tomography |
ISBN | : 1560800283 |
Download Fundamentals of Seismic Tomography Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This tutorial serves as a practical guide on seismic tomography for an audience familiar with basic seismology concepts and calculus. The intent is to provide the reader with a fundamental understanding of both seismic-ray tomography and seismic-diffraction tomography. Case studies illustrate processing methodology, basic interpretation techniques, and pitfalls. This presentation assists the reader in gaining a greater understanding of and appreciation for seismic-tomography articles found in the literature.
Author | : H.M. Iyer |
Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 890 |
Release | : 1993-05-31 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 9780412371905 |
Download Seismic Tomography Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This book provides a systematic review of tomographic applications in seismology and the future directions. Theories and case histories are discussed by the international authors, drawing on their own practical experiences with global and local case histories.
Author | : Kai-Uwe Vieth |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 222 |
Release | : 2001 |
Genre | : Geophysics |
ISBN | : |
Download Kinematic Wavefield Attributes in Seismic Imaging Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : Tijmen Jan Moser |
Publisher | : SEG Books |
Total Pages | : 823 |
Release | : 2016-06-30 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 1560803177 |
Download Seismic Diffraction Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The use of diffraction imaging to complement the seismic reflection method is rapidly gaining momentum in the oil and gas industry. As the industry moves toward exploiting smaller and more complex conventional reservoirs and extensive new unconventional resource plays, the application of the seismic diffraction method to image sub-wavelength features such as small-scale faults, fractures and stratigraphic pinchouts is expected to increase dramatically over the next few years. “Seismic Diffraction” covers seismic diffraction theory, modeling, observation, and imaging. Papers and discussion include an overview of seismic diffractions, including classic papers which introduced the potential of diffraction phenomena in seismic processing; papers on the forward modeling of seismic diffractions, with an emphasis on the theoretical principles; papers which describe techniques for diffraction mathematical modeling as well as laboratory experiments for the physical modeling of diffractions; key papers dealing with the observation of seismic diffractions, in near-surface-, reservoir-, as well as crustal studies; and key papers on diffraction imaging.
Author | : Kalachand Sain |
Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
Total Pages | : 148 |
Release | : 2023-02-01 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 1119594863 |
Download Active Seismic Tomography Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Imaging complex regions or difficult terrains like the sub-volcanic sediments or thrust fold belt areas is crucial to understanding the earth's subsurface. Active Seismic Tomography: Theory and Applications describes current technologies for the study of seismic velocities and the elucidation of fine details of the subsurface. Key use cases include hydrocarbon reservoir characterization, identification of faults and channels, and stratigraphic and structural traps. Volume highlights include: Theory and development of seismic tomography Numerous examples of the interpretation and analysis of active source seismic data Relevance of tomography data for computational geophysicists This volume is a valuable resource for academics and professionals interested in using or developing integrated imaging approaches of the Earth's subsurface.
Author | : Johannes A. Van Trier |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 110 |
Release | : 1990 |
Genre | : Seismic prospecting |
ISBN | : |
Download Tomographic Determination of Structural Velocities from Depth-migrated Seismic Data Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : Trọng Nhuận Mai |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 292 |
Release | : 2013 |
Genre | : Agricultural engineering |
ISBN | : |
Download Natural Resources Engineering and Disaster Mitigation for Infrastructure Development Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle