The Standard Of Living PDF Download
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Author | : Amartya Sen |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 144 |
Release | : 1988-12-08 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 9780521368407 |
Download The Standard of Living Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Amartya Sen reconsiders the idea of 'the standard of living'. He rejects the more conventional economic interpretations in terms of 'unity' and of wealth or 'opulence', and suggests an interpretation in terms of the 'capabilities and freedoms' that states of affairs do or do not allow. His argument is conceptual, but it refers to a wide range of examples. In elaborations of it, John Muellbauer explains how parts of it might be applied; Ravi Kanbur discusses the difficulties raised by choice ex ante, under uncertainty, and choice ex post; Keith Hart discusses the ways in which one might think about living standards in societies in which there is a substantial amount of what he calls 'self provisioning' outside the market; and Bernard Williams reflects on some of the moral and political implications of Sen's argument. There is a bibliography of most of the more important works on the subject. The book will be of interest to economists, sociologists, students of development and moral and political philosophers; it will also be of interest to those concerned with public policy.
Author | : Robert E. Gallman |
Publisher | : University of Chicago Press |
Total Pages | : 410 |
Release | : 2007-12-01 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 0226279472 |
Download American Economic Growth and Standards of Living before the Civil War Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This benchmark volume addresses the debate over the effects of early industrialization on standards of living during the decades before the Civil War. Its contributors demonstrate that the aggregate antebellum economy was growing faster than any other large economy had grown before. Despite the dramatic economic growth and rise in income levels, questions remain as to the general quality of life during this era. Was the improvement in income widely shared? How did economic growth affect the nature of work? Did higher levels of income lead to improved health and longevity? The authors address these questions by analyzing new estimates of labor force participation, real wages, and productivity, as well as of the distribution of income, height, and nutrition.
Author | : Robert J. Gordon |
Publisher | : Princeton University Press |
Total Pages | : 785 |
Release | : 2017-08-29 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1400888956 |
Download The Rise and Fall of American Growth Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
How America's high standard of living came to be and why future growth is under threat In the century after the Civil War, an economic revolution improved the American standard of living in ways previously unimaginable. Electric lighting, indoor plumbing, motor vehicles, air travel, and television transformed households and workplaces. But has that era of unprecedented growth come to an end? Weaving together a vivid narrative, historical anecdotes, and economic analysis, The Rise and Fall of American Growth challenges the view that economic growth will continue unabated, and demonstrates that the life-altering scale of innovations between 1870 and 1970 cannot be repeated. Gordon contends that the nation's productivity growth will be further held back by the headwinds of rising inequality, stagnating education, an aging population, and the rising debt of college students and the federal government, and that we must find new solutions. A critical voice in the most pressing debates of our time, The Rise and Fall of American Growth is at once a tribute to a century of radical change and a harbinger of tougher times to come.
Author | : Boris Mironov |
Publisher | : Routledge |
Total Pages | : 706 |
Release | : 2012-05-31 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1136315195 |
Download The Standard of Living and Revolutions in Imperial Russia, 1700-1917 Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This is the first full-scale anthropometric history of Imperial Russia (1700-1917). It mobilizes an immense volume of archival material to chart the growth, weight, and other anthropometric indicators of the male and female populations in order to chart how the standard of living in Russia changed over slightly more than two centuries. It draws on a wide range of data—statistics on agricultural production, taxation, prices and wages, nutrition, and demography—to draw conclusions on the dynamics in the standard of living over this long period of time. The economic, social, and political interpretation of these findings make it possible to reconsider the prevailing views in the historiography and to offer a new perspective on Imperial Russia.
Author | : Marina Moskowitz |
Publisher | : Johns Hopkins University Press |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2008-05-26 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 9780801889738 |
Download Standard of Living Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Coined in 1902, the term "standard of living" grew popular in early twentieth-century America. Though its exact definition remained ambiguous, it most often reflected the middle class and material comfort. The term was not a precise measure of how people lived. Instead, it embodied the ideal of how middle-class Americans wanted to live. With increasing wages and the mass production of consumer goods, the standard of living became an important expression of the shared national culture that emerged in the Gilded Age and Progressive Era. But what material and social components constituted this standard? Who decided what they were and how they were to be promoted? In Standard of Living, Marina Moskowitz explores these questions, focusing on the relationship between middle-class identity and material culture through four case studies. In one, she examines the incorporation of silverplate flatware into the daily rituals of American life. Mass production made this former luxury item affordable, while advertising, etiquette books, and home advice columns stressed its value as a family heirloom and confirmed its place in the middle-class dining room. Moskowitz then turns her attention to the bathroom and the proliferation of indoor sanitation, bathroom fixtures, and a hygiene industry equally interested in profits and public health. Home ownership contributed an essential element of this standard, and Moskowitz next charts the mail-order home industry, which sold not just kit houses but also the very idea of owning a home. Concluding with a look at zoning and urban planning as a means of fostering and protecting the standard of living for whole communities, this book offers important evidence of and fresh insights into the history of the American middle class.
Author | : Christopher Dyer |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 360 |
Release | : 1989-03-09 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 9780521272155 |
Download Standards of Living in the Later Middle Ages Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Between 1200 and 1520 medieval English society went through a series of upheavals: this was an age of war, pestilence and rebellion. This book explores the realities of life of the people who lived through those stirring times. It looks in turn at aristocrats, peasants, townsmen, wage-earners and paupers, and examines how they obtained their incomes and how they spent them. This revised edition (1998) includes a substantial new concluding chapter and an updated bibliography.
Author | : Anne Booth |
Publisher | : Transforming Asia |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2019 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 9789463729819 |
Download Living Standards in Southeast Asia Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Living Standards in Southeast Asia: Changes over the Long Twentieth Century, 1900-2015 examines changes in living standards across the ten countries of Southeast Asia (Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Philippines, Thailand, Brunei, Myanmar, Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos) from the early years of the 20th century to the early 21st century. It covers both the last decades of the colonial period, the transition to independence and the decades from 1960 to the 2010s. The study uses a range of monetary and non-monetary indicators to assess how living standards have changed over time. It examines the outcomes in the context of debates about economic growth, inequality and poverty alleviation which began in the 1960s and 1970s, and continue to the present.
Author | : Richard Anker |
Publisher | : Edward Elgar Publishing |
Total Pages | : 392 |
Release | : 2017-01-27 |
Genre | : Minimum wage |
ISBN | : 1786431467 |
Download Living Wages Around the World Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This manual describes a new methodology to measure a decent but basic standard of living in different countries and how much workers need to earn to afford this, making it possible for researchers to estimate comparable living wages around the world and determine gaps between living wages and prevailing wages, even in countries with limited secondary data.
Author | : Tim Jackson |
Publisher | : Taylor & Francis |
Total Pages | : 310 |
Release | : 2016-12-08 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1317388224 |
Download Prosperity without Growth Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
What can prosperity possibly mean in a world of environmental and social limits? The publication of Prosperity without Growth was a landmark in the sustainability debate. Tim Jackson’s piercing challenge to conventional economics openly questioned the most highly prized goal of politicians and economists alike: the continued pursuit of exponential economic growth. Its findings provoked controversy, inspired debate and led to a new wave of research building on its arguments and conclusions. This substantially revised and re-written edition updates those arguments and considerably expands upon them. Jackson demonstrates that building a ‘post-growth’ economy is a precise, definable and meaningful task. Starting from clear first principles, he sets out the dimensions of that task: the nature of enterprise; the quality of our working lives; the structure of investment; and the role of the money supply. He shows how the economy of tomorrow may be transformed in ways that protect employment, facilitate social investment, reduce inequality and deliver both ecological and financial stability. Seven years after it was first published, Prosperity without Growth is no longer a radical narrative whispered by a marginal fringe, but an essential vision of social progress in a post-crisis world. Fulfilling that vision is simply the most urgent task of our times.
Author | : Robert C. Allen |
Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
Total Pages | : 193 |
Release | : 2011-09-15 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 0199596654 |
Download Global Economic History: A Very Short Introduction Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Together these countries pioneered new technologies that have made them ever richer.