The Moral Status of Animals
| Author | : Stephen R. L. Clark |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press, USA |
| Total Pages | : 244 |
| Release | : 1984 |
| Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
| ISBN | : |
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The Moral Animal
| Author | : Robert Wright |
| Publisher | : Vintage |
| Total Pages | : 496 |
| Release | : 1995-08-29 |
| Genre | : Psychology |
| ISBN | : 0679763996 |
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One of the most provocative science books ever published—"a feast of great thinking and writing about the most profound issues there are" (The New York Times Book Review). "Fiercely intelligent, beautifully written and engrossingly original." —The New York Times Book Review Are men literally born to cheat? Does monogamy actually serve women's interests? These are among the questions that have made The Moral Animaled one of the most provocative science books in recent years. Wright unveils the genetic strategies behind everything from our sexual preferences to our office politics—as well as their implications for our moral codes and public policies. Illustrations.
Anthropocentrism and Its Discontents
| Author | : Gary Steiner |
| Publisher | : University of Pittsburgh Pre |
| Total Pages | : 345 |
| Release | : 2005-11-06 |
| Genre | : Philosophy |
| ISBN | : 0822970988 |
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Anthropocentrism and Its Discontents is the first-ever comprehensive examination of views of animals in the history of Western philosophy, from Homeric Greece to the twentieth century. In recent decades, increased interest in this area has been accompanied by scholars' willingness to conceive of animal experience in terms of human mental capacities: consciousness, self-awareness, intention, deliberation, and in some instances, at least limited moral agency. This conception has been facilitated by a shift from behavioral to cognitive ethology (the science of animal behavior), and by attempts to affirm the essential similarities between the psychophysical makeup of human beings and animals. Gary Steiner sketches the terms of the current debates about animals and relates these to their historical antecedents, focusing on both the dominant anthropocentric voices and those recurring voices that instead assert a fundamental kinship relation between human beings and animals. He concludes with a discussion of the problem of balancing the need to recognize a human indebtedness to animals and the natural world with the need to preserve a sense of the uniqueness and dignity of the human individual.
Consciousness and Moral Status
| Author | : Joshua Shepherd |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 150 |
| Release | : 2018-05-23 |
| Genre | : Philosophy |
| ISBN | : 1315396327 |
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It seems obvious that phenomenally conscious experience is something of great value, and that this value maps onto a range of important ethical issues. For example, claims about the value of life for those in Permanent Vegetative State (PVS); debates about treatment and study of disorders of consciousness; controversies about end-of-life care for those with advanced dementia; and arguments about the moral status of embryos, fetuses, and non-human animals arguably turn on the moral significance of various facts about consciousness. However, though work has been done on the moral significance of elements of consciousness, such as pain and pleasure, little explicit attention has been devoted to the ethical significance of consciousness. In this book Joshua Shepherd presents a systematic account of the value present within conscious experience. This account emphasizes not only the nature of consciousness, but also the importance of items within experience such as affect, valence, and the complex overall shape of particular valuable experiences. Shepherd also relates this account to difficult cases involving non-humans and humans with disorders of consciousness, arguing that the value of consciousness influences and partially explains the degree of moral status a being possesses, without fully determining it. The upshot is a deeper understanding of both the moral importance of phenomenal consciousness and its relations to moral status. This book will be of great interest to philosophers and students of ethics, bioethics, philosophy of psychology, philosophy of mind, and cognitive science.
Taking Animals Seriously
| Author | : David DeGrazia |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 320 |
| Release | : 1996-07-13 |
| Genre | : Nature |
| ISBN | : 9780521567602 |
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This book distinguishes itself from much of the polemical literature on these issues by offering the most judicious and well-balanced account yet available of animals' moral standing, and related questions concerning their minds and welfare. Transcending jejune debates focused on utilitarianism versus rights, the book offers a fresh methodological approach with specific and constructive conclusions about our treatment of animals. David DeGrazia provides the most thorough discussion yet of whether equal consideration should be extended to animals' interests, and examines the issues of animal minds and animal well-being with an unparalleled combination of philosophical rigor and empirical documentation. His book is an important contribution to the field of animal ethics and will be read with special interest by all philosophers teaching such courses, as well as biologists, those professionally involved with animals, and general readers concerned about animal welfare.
How to Count Animals, more or less
| Author | : Shelly Kagan |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 296 |
| Release | : 2019-04-05 |
| Genre | : Philosophy |
| ISBN | : 0192565176 |
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Most people agree that animals count morally, but how exactly should we take animals into account? A prominent stance in contemporary ethical discussions is that animals have the same moral status that people do, and so in moral deliberation the similar interests of animals and people should be given the very same consideration. In How to Count Animals, more or less, Shelly Kagan sets out and defends a hierarchical approach in which people count more than animals do and some animals count more than others. For the most part, moral theories have not been developed in such a way as to take account of differences in status. By arguing for a hierarchical account of morality - and exploring what status sensitive principles might look like - Kagan reveals just how much work needs to be done to arrive at an adequate view of our duties toward animals, and of morality more generally.
Cognitive Kin, Moral Strangers? Linking Animal Cognition, Animal Ethics & Animal Welfare
| Author | : Judith Benz-Schwarzburg |
| Publisher | : BRILL |
| Total Pages | : 448 |
| Release | : 2019-10-14 |
| Genre | : Philosophy |
| ISBN | : 9004415076 |
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In Cognitive Kin, Moral Strangers?, Judith Benz-Schwarzburg reveals the scope and relevance of cognitive kinship between humans and non-human animals. She presents a wide range of empirical studies on culture, language and theory of mind in animals and then leads us to ask why such complex socio-cognitive abilities in animals matter. Her focus is on ethical theory as well as on the practical ways in which we use animals. Are great apes maybe better described as non-human persons? Should we really use dolphins as entertainers or therapists? Benz-Schwarzburg demonstrates how much we know already about animals’ capabilities and needs and how this knowledge should inform the ways in which we treat animals in captivity and in the wild.
The Oxford Handbook of Animal Ethics
| Author | : Tom L. Beauchamp |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 997 |
| Release | : 2011-11-17 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0195371968 |
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Edited by Tom L. Beauchamp and R.G. Frey.
Subhuman
| Author | : T. J. Kasperbauer |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 249 |
| Release | : 2018 |
| Genre | : Nature |
| ISBN | : 0190695811 |
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How do we think about animals? How do we decide what they deserve and how we ought to treat them? 'Subhuman' takes an interdisciplinary approach to these questions, drawing from research in philosophy, neuroscience, psychology, law, history, sociology, economics, and anthropology. 'Subhuman' argues that our attitudes to nonhuman animals, both positive and negative, largely arise from our need to compare ourselves to them.
Moral Status
| Author | : Mary Anne Warren |
| Publisher | : Clarendon Press |
| Total Pages | : 278 |
| Release | : 1997-11-13 |
| Genre | : Philosophy |
| ISBN | : 0191588156 |
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Mary Anne Warren explores a theoretical question which lies at the heart of practical ethics: what are the criteria for having moral status? In other words, what are the criteria for being an entity towards which people have moral obligations? Some philosophers maintain that there is one intrinsic property—for instance, life, sentience, humanity, or moral agency. Others believe that relational properties, such as belonging to a human community, are more important. In Part I of the book, Warren argues that no single property can serve as the sole criterion for moral status; instead, life, sentience, moral agency, and social and biotic relationships are all relevant, each in a different way. She presents seven basic principles, each focusing on a property that can, in combination with others, legitimately affect an agent's moral obligations towards entities of a given type. In Part II, these principles are applied in an examination of three controversial ethical issues: voluntary euthanasia, abortion
