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| Author | : Ian Smart |
| Publisher | : London : Royal Institute of International Affairs |
| Total Pages | : 94 |
| Release | : 1977 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Great Britain: Ministry of Defence |
| Publisher | : The Stationery Office |
| Total Pages | : 44 |
| Release | : 2006-12-04 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : |
In this White Paper, the Government reaffirms its commitment to maintain Britain's independent nuclear capability by investing in a new generation of ballistic missile-carrying submarines and extending the life of the Trident D5 missile. However, in order to ensure the deterrent system is the minimum necessary to provide effective deterrence, there will be a further 20 per cent reduction in operationally available warheads. The Government believes this decision balances the interests of national security against its undertaking to work towards multilateral disarmament and to counter nuclear proliferation, and it is fully compatible with Britain's international legal obligations. The White Paper discusses the policy context and sets out the reasons why decisions on the future of the UK's nuclear deterrent system are needed now, as well as considering the various options and their costs, and the industrial aspects involved in building the new submarines in the UK.
| Author | : Andrew Futter |
| Publisher | : Rowman & Littlefield |
| Total Pages | : 246 |
| Release | : 2016-06-16 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 1442265744 |
Since 1969, the United Kingdom always has always had one submarine armed with nuclear-tipped ballistic missiles underwater, undetected, in constant communication, ready at a set notice to fire at targets anywhere in the world. This is part of its Trident Programme, which includes the development, procurement, and operation of the current generation of British nuclear weapons, as well as the means to deliver them. Operated by the Royal Navy and based at Clyde Naval Base on Scotland’s west coast, it is the most expensive and most powerful capability of the British military forces. In 2016, the United Kingdom had to decide on whether to go ahead and build the next generation of nuclear submarines that will allow the UK to remain in the nuclear business well into the second half of this century. The book presents the political, cultural, technical, and strategic aspects of Trident to provide a thoughtful overview of the UK’s complex relationship with nuclear weapons. The authors, both scholars and practitioners, bring together diverse perspectives on the issue, discussing the importance of UK nuclear history as well as the political, legal, and diplomatic aspects of UK nuclear weapons—internationally and domestically. Also addressed are the new technical, military, and strategic challenges to the UK nuclear thinking and strategy.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 28 |
| Release | : 1982 |
| Genre | : Atomic weapons |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Jan Smart |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 82 |
| Release | : 1977 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Great Britain. National Audit Office |
| Publisher | : The Stationery Office |
| Total Pages | : 40 |
| Release | : 2008 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 9780102954364 |
The programme aims to maintain the UK's nuclear deterrent beyond the life of the current system, with the introduction into service of the first of a new class of submarines in 2024. The timetable is challenging and the MoD needs to manage key risks if continuous nuclear deterrence is to be maintained. The current two year initial concept phase for the new class of submarines requires a series of important and difficult decisions to be taken by September 2009 to keep the programme on track. The MoD has appointed a Senior Responsible Owner to co-ordinate these decisions. The current predicted cost of procuring the new nuclear deterrent is between �15 billion and �20 billion (2006-7 prices), as outlined in the 2006 White Paper, The future of the UK's nuclear deterrent (Cm. 6994, ISBN 9780101699426). The estimated operating costs once the new class of submarines comes into operation are similar to those of the current deterrent, and the MoD recognises the need by September 2009 to produce robust estimates of whole-life costs. There are major areas of uncertainty in the budget, including the provision for contingency and VAT. The submarine industry is a highly specialised industrial sector with a number of monopoly suppliers and there are real difficulties in providing the right incentives for these suppliers to deliver to time and budget. The tight timetable set for ensuring the seamless transition from the present Vanguard class of submarines to the future class is challenging. A further risk to the programme is a shortage of nuclear-related skills in industry and within MoD - potentially aggravated by competition from civil nuclear projects.
| Author | : Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Defence Committee |
| Publisher | : The Stationery Office |
| Total Pages | : 100 |
| Release | : 2007-03-07 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0215032810 |
The Government white paper (Cm 6994, ISBN 9780101699426) recommended the renewal of the Trident system, and wanted a decision made in 2007 as delay would imperil the UK's security. This report analyses the white paper's findings and conclusions, and explores the key issues and questions which should be addressed in the debate on the future of the deterrent. The Committee reports some disagreement with the Government's timetable for procurement of new submarines. The reduction in the total number of warheads is welcomed, but as the number deployed on submarines is not to change the Committee is uncertain of the operational significance of this measure. The Committee would also like clarification of the nature and geographical scope of what the Government considers the UK's "vital interests" for which the nuclear deterrent exists. There appears to be no legal consensus that the proposals are consistent with all of the UK's international obligations, in particular the Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty, so political considerations will govern the renewal decision. Detailed estimates of the costs are vital to inform the debate. The Committee acknowledges the Government's efforts at openness on this matter.
| Author | : Robert H. Paterson |
| Publisher | : Taylor & Francis |
| Total Pages | : 214 |
| Release | : 1997 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 9780714642970 |
The book concludes with comparisons with France's experience with an independent strategic nuclear deterrent, and an assessment of the key strategic changes in the post-Cold War period and of how strategic geo-political changes, international aspirations regarding arms control developments and the domestic constraints of public opinion and economics might influence a decision regarding a fourth-generation nuclear deterrent. It will be of value to those in universities or military training establishments reading strategic studies, as well as others who have a professional or amateur interest in defence policy.
| Author | : Peter Nailor |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 48 |
| Release | : 1980 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : |
Examines what might replace the Polaris weapons system as the basis of Britain's strategic capability.
| Author | : Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Defence Committee |
| Publisher | : The Stationery Office |
| Total Pages | : 224 |
| Release | : 2007-03-07 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 0215032802 |
future of the UK's strategic nuclear Deterrent : The White Paper, ninth report of session 2006-07, Vol. 2: Oral and written Evidence
