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The Effect of Protozoan Grazers on the Cycling of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in Marine Systems

The Effect of Protozoan Grazers on the Cycling of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in Marine Systems
Author: Elizabeth B. Kujawinski
Publisher:
Total Pages: 734
Release: 2000
Genre: Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry)
ISBN:

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(Cont.) surface-active material in ciliate cultures was significantly higher than in flagellate cultures, and all protozoan cultures were higher than the bacterial control. Common headspace vessels were then used to compare and contrast the affinity of protozoan and bacterial culture filtrates (


The Effects of Protozoan Grazers on the Cycling of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in Marine Systems

The Effects of Protozoan Grazers on the Cycling of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in Marine Systems
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2000
Genre:
ISBN:

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The goal of this thesis was to understand how microbially-mediated recycling processes affect chiorobiphenyl (CB) cycling in marine systems by monitoring CB dynamics among organic carbon pools represented by dissolved organic matter, bacterial prey and phagotrophic protozoan grazers. When grazing and non-grazing protozoa were equilibrated with aqueous polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs); no difference in equilibration time was observed, indicating that diffusion was the primary uptake pathway. The transition size of an organism where rates of diffusive and ingested uptake are equivalent was determined. Enhanced CB diffusive fluxes across the diffusive boundary layer were observed due to CB-DOC complex disassociation within this layer. Temporal dynamics of DOC, surfactants, lipo-polysaccharides and cells were monitored in protozoan cultures as a function of protozoan species and prey growth substrate. Production of surface-active material in ciliate cultures was significantly higher than in flagellate cultures, and all protozoan cultures were higher than the bacterial control. Affinities of protozoan and bacterial culture filtrates (


Influence of Protozoan Grazing on the Marine Geochemistry of Particle Reactive Trace Metals

Influence of Protozoan Grazing on the Marine Geochemistry of Particle Reactive Trace Metals
Author: Katherine Barbeau
Publisher:
Total Pages: 265
Release: 1998
Genre: Chemistry, Analytic
ISBN:

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"This thesis examines the effect of intracellular digestion by phagotrophic organisms (protozoan grazers) on the solid/liquid partitioning and speciation of strongly hydrolyzed, particle-reactive trace metals, including Fe and Th. A series of experiments was carried Out in model systems in order to determine the effect of grazer-mediated transformations on trace metals associated with cellular phases. Principle findings included mobilization of extracellular as well as intracellular trace metals by protists, apparent generation of metal-organic complexes, and decoupling of metal and carbon cycling. Studies of the effect of grazers on colloidal iron oxide (ferrihydrite) indicated that protozoan grazing can increase the dissolution rate of iron oxide phases through phagotrophic ingestion. As part of this work a novel tracer technique was 133 developed, based on the synthesis of colloidal ferrihydrite impregnated with Ba-133 as an inert tracer. This technique was shown to be a sensitive indicator for the extent of ferrihydrite dissolution/alteration by a variety of mechanisms. Using this technique, grazing by natural protistan assemblages was shown to enhance the dissolution rate of colloidal ferrihydrite over that in non-grazing controls. when integrated temporally over the euphotic zone, protozoan grazing may equal or exceed photoreduction as a pathway for iron oxide dissolution. ." -- Stinet.


The Marine Biogeochemistry of Molybdenum

The Marine Biogeochemistry of Molybdenum
Author: Caroline Beth Tuit
Publisher:
Total Pages: 278
Release: 2003
Genre: Marine sediments
ISBN:

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(Cont.) Mn oxides were not found to significantly influence either the dissolved or SPM Mo distribution. Dissolved Mo profiles from the Sargasso and Arabian Sea were conservative. However, dissolved Mo profiles from the Eastern Tropical Pacific showed both depletion and enrichment of dissolved Mo possibly associated with interaction of Mo with coastal sediments. Dissolved Mo profiles in several California Borderland Basins showed 1-2 nM Mo depletions below sill depth. A more focused study of water column response to sediment fluxes using the high precision Mo analyses is necessary to determine whether these phenomena are related.


The Seine River Basin

The Seine River Basin
Author: Nicolas Flipo
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 430
Release: 2021-01-30
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3030542602

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This open access book reviews the water-agro-food and socio-eco-system of the Seine River basin (76,000 km2), and offers a historical perspective on the river’s long-term contamination. The Seine basin is inhabited by circa 17 million people and is impacted by intensive agricultural practices and industrial activities. These pressures have gradually affected its hydrological, chemical and ecological functioning, leading to a maximum chemical degradation between the 1960s and the 1990s. Over the last three decades, while major water-quality improvements have been observed, new issues (e.g. endocrine disruptors, microplastics) have also emerged. The state of the Seine River network, from the headwaters to estuary, is increasingly controlled by the balance between pressures and social responses. This socio-ecosystem provides a unique example of the functioning of a territory under heavy anthropogenic pressure during the Anthropocene era. The achievements made were possible due to the long-term PIREN Seine research program, established in 1989 and today part of the French socio-ecological research network “Zones Ateliers”, itself part of the international Long-term Socio-economic and Ecological Research Network (LTSER). Written by experts in the field, the book provides an introduction to the water budget and the territorial metabolism of the Seine basin, and studies the trajectories and impact of various pollutants in the Seine River. It offers insights into the ecological functioning, the integration of agricultural practices, the analysis of aquatic organic matter, and the evolution of fish assemblages in the Seine basin, and also presents research perspectives and approaches to improve the water quality of the Seine River. Given its scope, it will appeal to environmental managers, scientists and policymakers interested in the long-term contamination of the Seine River.


Ecological Impacts of Toxic Chemicals

Ecological Impacts of Toxic Chemicals
Author: Francisco Sánchez-Bayo, Paul J. van den Brink, Reinier M. Mann
Publisher: Francisco Sanchez-Bayo
Total Pages: 288
Release: 2011-09-09
Genre: Nature
ISBN: 1608051218

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Ecological Impacts of Toxic Chemicals presents a comprehensive, yet readable account of the known disturbances caused by all kinds of toxic chemicals on both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Topics cover the sources of toxicants, their fate and distribution through the planet, their impacts on specific ecosystems, and their remediation by natural systems. Each chapter is written by well-known specialists in those areas, for the general public, students, and even scientists from outside this field. The book intends to raise awareness of the dangers of chemical pollution in a world dominated by industry and globalization of resources. Because the problems are widespread and far reaching, it is hoped that confronting the facts may prompt better management practices at industrial, agricultural and all levels of management, from local to governmental, so as to reduce the negative impacts of chemical contaminants on our planet.


Managing Ocean Environments in a Changing Climate

Managing Ocean Environments in a Changing Climate
Author: Kevin J. Noone
Publisher: Newnes
Total Pages: 372
Release: 2013-06-29
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0124076610

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Managing Ocean Environments in a Changing Climate summarizes the current state of several threats to the global oceans. What distinguishes this book most from previous works is that this book begins with a holistic, global-scale focus for the first several chapters and then provides an example of how this approach can be applied on a regional scale, for the Pacific region. Previous works usually have compiled local studies, which are essentially impossible to properly integrate to the global scale. The editors have engaged leading scientists in a number of areas, such as fisheries and marine ecosystems, ocean chemistry, marine biogeochemical cycling, oceans and climate change, and economics, to examine the threats to the oceans both individually and collectively, provide gross estimates of the economic and societal impacts of these threats, and deliver high-level recommendations. Nominated for a Katerva Award in 2012 in the Economy category State of the science reviews by known marine experts provide a concise, readable presentation written at a level for managers and students Links environmental and economic aspects of ocean threats and provides an economic analysis of action versus inaction Provides recommendations for stakeholders to help stimulate the development of policies that would help move toward sustainable use of marine resources and services