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Satellite Meteorology

Satellite Meteorology
Author: Stanley Q. Kidder
Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing
Total Pages: 481
Release: 1995-08-15
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0124064302

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Introduction: History of Satellite Meteorology. Scope of The Book. Orbits and Navigation: Newton's Laws. Keplerian Orbits. Orbit Perturbations. Meteorological Satellite Orbits. Satellite Positioning, Tracking and Navigation. Space-Time Sampling. Launch Vehicles and Profiles. Radiative Transfer: Basic Quantities. Blackbody Radiation. The Radiative Transfer Equation. Gaseous Absorption. Scattering. Surface Reflection. Solar Radiation. Meteorological SatelliteInstrumentation: Operational Polar-Orbiting Satellites. Operational Geostationary Satellites. Other Satellite Instruments. Satellite Data Archives. Image Interpretation: Satellite Imagery. Spectral Properties. Image Enhancement Techniques. Geolocation and Calibration. Atmospheric and Surface Phenomena. A Final Note. Temperature and Trace Gases: Sounding Theory. Retrieval Methods. Operational Retrievals. Limb Sounding Retrievals. Ozone and Other Gases. The Split-Window Technique. Winds: Cloud and Vapor Tracking. Winds from Soundings. Ocean Surface Winds. Doppler Wind Measurements. Clouds and Aerosols: Clouds from Sounders. Clouds from Imagers. Clouds from Microwave Radiometry. Stratospheric Aerosols. Tropospheric Aerosols. Precipitation: Visible and Infrared Techniques. Passive Microwave Techniques. Radar. Severe Thunderstorms. Earth Radiation Budget: The Solar Constant. Top of the Atmosphere Radiation Budget. Surface Radiation Budget. The Future: NOAA K, L, M. Mission to Planet Earth. Other Possibilities. A Final Comment. Appendixes: List of Meteorological Satellites.


Satellite Temperature Sounding of the Atmosphere

Satellite Temperature Sounding of the Atmosphere
Author: Robert A. McClatchey
Publisher:
Total Pages: 46
Release: 1976
Genre: Atmosphere, Upper
ISBN:

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Defense Meteorological Satellite measurements of the upwelling radiation in the sounder channels of the 15 micrometer CO2 band have been compared with calculations for a number of clear atmosphere conditions. Great care was used to ensure that complete radiosonde and rocketsonde data coincident in space and time were available. The methods of transmittance and radiance calculations are described and the results compared directly with the satellite measurements. The results indicate a systematic discrepancy in all but one channel. Calculations in general exceeded the measured radiances. (Author).


Remote Sounding of Atmospheres

Remote Sounding of Atmospheres
Author: John Theodore Houghton
Publisher: CUP Archive
Total Pages: 356
Release: 1986-03-27
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9780521310659

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This book describes how measurements can be made of the properties of the Earth and planets using this method. It includes descriptions of the scientific principles, technical implementation, mathematical methods for analysing the measurements, a history of measurements that have been made and discussions of the phenomena that have been discovered and studied using remote sounding.


The Effect of Atmospheric CO2 Variations on Satellite-sounded Temperatures

The Effect of Atmospheric CO2 Variations on Satellite-sounded Temperatures
Author: Rufus E. Bruce
Publisher:
Total Pages: 30
Release: 1974
Genre: Atmospheric carbon dioxide
ISBN:

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An analysis was made of the Satellite Temperature Sounding Technique to determine the extent of temperature errors arising from possible atmospheric CO2 variations. These possible errors are compared to probable ozone-caused errors and to errors resulting from the radiometer uncertainties.


Geostationary Satellite Soundings

Geostationary Satellite Soundings
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 40
Release: 1998
Genre: Artificial satellites in meteorology
ISBN:

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Satellite Infrared Soundings from NOAA Spacecraft

Satellite Infrared Soundings from NOAA Spacecraft
Author: L. M. McMillin
Publisher:
Total Pages: 120
Release: 1973
Genre: Artificial satellites in earth sciences
ISBN:

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Data are currently being received from a Vertical Temperature Profile Radiometer (VTPR) aboard the NOAA 2 spacecraft to produce operational atmospheric soundings of temperature and humidity on a global scale. This report describes the VTPR instrument, its calibration, the procedure to obtain "clear radiances" from cloud-contaminated radiance measurements, retrieval techniques used to obtain temperature and humidity profiles from "clear radiances", the quality checks performed on the profiles, and the various forms in which data are available to potential users.


An Intercomparison of Meteorological Parameters Derived from Radiosonde and Satellite Vertical Temperature Cross Sections

An Intercomparison of Meteorological Parameters Derived from Radiosonde and Satellite Vertical Temperature Cross Sections
Author: William Lee Smith
Publisher:
Total Pages: 20
Release: 1974
Genre: Atmosphere, Upper
ISBN:

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Vertical cross-sections of temperature between 60°S and 50°N for Apr. 6, 1973, are derived from (a) radiosonde, (b) Nimbus-5 Infrared Temperature Profile Radiometer, Nimbus-E Microwave Spectrometer and Selective Chopper Radiometer, and (c) NOAA-2 Vertical Temperature Profile Radiometer (VTPR) data. Comparisons are made of the level temperatures and latitudinal temperature gradients, geopotential heights and the latitudinal gradients, and geostrophic winds inferred from the radiosonde and satellite cross-sections. The results of this limited case study indicate: 1. Temperature accuracies for the lower troposphere obtained with Nimbus-5 sounding data are superior to those achieved with the NOAA-2 VTPR data. 2. The agreement between latitudinal gradients of temperature derived from satellite data and radiosonde observations is much better than the agreement between level temperatures obtained from satellite and radiosonde observations. 3. The geostrophic wind distribution of jet streams derived from satellite data possesses more character and intensity than does the geostrophic wind distribution obtained from radiosonde data.