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Structural Characterization and Seismic Retrofitting of Adobe Constructions

Structural Characterization and Seismic Retrofitting of Adobe Constructions
Author: Humberto Varum
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 255
Release: 2021-06-28
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3030747379
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This book provides the reader with a review of the most relevant research on the structural characterization and seismic retrofitting of adobe construction. It offers a complete review of the latest research developments, and hence the relevance of the field. The book starts with an introductory discussion on adobe construction and its use throughout the world over time, highlighting characteristics and performance of adobe masonry structures as well as different contributions for cultural heritage conservation (Chapter 1). Then, the seismic behaviour of adobe masonry buildings is addressed, including examples of real performance during recent earthquakes (Chapter 2). In the following chapters, key research investigations on seismic response assessment and retrofitting of adobe constructions are reviewed. The review deals with the following issues: mechanical characterization of adobe bricks and adobe masonry (Chapters 3 and 4); quasi-static and shaking table testing of adobe masonry walls and structures (Chapters 5 and 6); non-destructive and minor-destructive testing for characterization of adobe constructions (Chapter 7); seismic strengthening techniques for adobe constructions (Chapter 8); and numerical modelling of adobe structures (Chapter 9). The book ends with Chapter 10, where some general conclusions are drawn and research needs are identified. Each chapter is co-authored by a group of experts from different countries to comprehensively address all issues of adobe constructions from a worldwide perspective. The information covered in this book is fundamental to support civil engineers and architects in the rehabilitation and strengthening of existing adobe constructions and also in the design of new adobe buildings. This information is also of interest to researchers, by providing a summary of existing research and suggesting possible directions for future research efforts.

Planning and Engineering Guidelines for the Seismic Retrofitting of Historic Adobe Structures

Planning and Engineering Guidelines for the Seismic Retrofitting of Historic Adobe Structures
Author: E. Leroy Tolles
Publisher: Getty Publications
Total Pages: 154
Release: 2003-03-20
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0892365889
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Adobe, or mud brick, has been widely used as a building material in the American Southwest, including California. The vulnerability of many original adobe structures to damage or destruction from earthquakes has been of great concern. The guidelines presented here address the practical aspects of this problem and represent the culmination of 12 years of research and testing on the seismic retrofitting of adobe buildings. These guidelines can assist in the planning of seismic retrofitting projects consistent with both conservation principles and established public policy.

Strengthening of Structural Elements of Adobe Constructions Against Seismic Loads

Strengthening of Structural Elements of Adobe Constructions Against Seismic Loads
Author: Thomson Jacob
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2011
Genre:
ISBN:
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Adobe (mud bricks) has been used in the construction of low cost housing as well as historical monuments. But, traditional adobe construction responds very poorly to earthquake ground motions, suffering serious structural damage or collapse, and causing a significant loss of life and property. Seismic strengthening of adobe constructions have been investigated by many researchers for the last few decades. This dissertation reviews various strengthening methodologies adopted by various researchers all over the world. This thesis proposes a strengthening methodology in which a mortar layer with polyethylene nets in the middle are plastered to either side of the structural member. The effectiveness of this methodology has been verified with shake table tests on wall and column specimens. Two control specimens and two reinforced specimens of walls and columns were tested in shake table. During moderate shaking, the detachment of bricks occurs in the unreinforced specimens but the reinforced specimens withstood the shaking with minor cracking. The confinement by the reinforced mortar (on either surface of the member) greatly affects the response of the reinforced specimen over the control specimen. The processing of the responses to the random excitations was carried out in accordance with the basics of Digital Signal Processing. The comparison of the result reveals that the reinforcing system is found very much effective in adobe constructions.

Seismic Stabilization of Historic Adobe Structures

Seismic Stabilization of Historic Adobe Structures
Author: Getty Conservation Institute
Publisher: Getty Publications
Total Pages: 174
Release: 2000-11-30
Genre: Architecture
ISBN: 0892365870
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This book describes tests performed on model adobe buildings to evaluate seismic damage mitigation techniques applicable to the retrofitting of historic and culturally significant adobe structures. Part of the Getty Seismic Adobe Project (GSAP), the three-year program outlined in this volume was designed to develop and test minimally invasive, inexpensive, and easily implemented methods of protecting such structures from severe earthquake damage. Small- and large-scale models were tested on computer-controlled shaking tables at Stanford University and at the IIZIS Earthquake Engineering Laboratory in the Republic of Macedonia, respectively. The authors identify typical failure modes of adobe structures and describe specific retrofit techniques to help minimize such failures. Extensive photographic documentation is included.

Strengthening and Retrofitting of Existing Structures

Strengthening and Retrofitting of Existing Structures
Author: Aníbal Costa
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 339
Release: 2017-10-13
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 981105858X
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This book presents the fundamentals of strengthening and retrofitting approaches, solutions and technologies for existing structures. It addresses in detail specific techniques for the strengthening of traditional constructions, reinforced concrete buildings, bridges and their foundations. Finally, it discusses issues related to standards and economic decision support tools for retrofitting.

Testing of Materials and Building Components of Historic Adobe Buildings in Peru

Testing of Materials and Building Components of Historic Adobe Buildings in Peru
Author: Daniel Torrealva
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2018-08-31
Genre:
ISBN: 9781937433499
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This publication summarizes and describes the conclusions of more than 300 experimental tests carried out from 2011 to 2014 as part of the Seismic Retrofitting Project (SRP), and characterizes the material properties and structural behavior of the components of the four building prototypes selected for this project. The SRP aims to design and test easy-to-implement seismic retrofitting techniques, both traditional and state-of-the art, as well as maintenance programs that improve the structural performance of earthen historic buildings in Peru and other countries in Latin America. The performed tests were developed and carried out by the Escuela de Ciencias de Ingeniería of the Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (PUCP) in collaboration with the Getty and SRP consultants. Some of these tests were performed for the first time on earthen materials and/or structural components, providing valuable information to the field. Therefore, this publication is of significant value to engineers and conservation architects working in seismic areas. Partial results of this testing program have been published in the proceedings of several international conferences. However, this publication provides a more comprehensive overview and a deeper understanding of the mechanical behavior of materials and structural components of historic earthen buildings in Peru. The performed tests also provided valuable information to the numerical models that have been developed by TecMinho, University of Minho, Portugal to analyze the seismic capacity of each of the building prototypes. The results of this modeling phase are the subject of the SRP publications: Recommendations for Advanced Modeling of Historic Earthen Sites; Modeling of Prototype Buildings; and, Simplified Calculations for the Structural Analysis of Earthen Historic Sites.

Structural Rehabilitation of Old Buildings

Structural Rehabilitation of Old Buildings
Author: Aníbal Costa
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 350
Release: 2013-09-11
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3642396860
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This present book describes the different construction systems and structural materials and elements within the main buildings typologies, and it analyses the particularities of each of them, including, at the end, general aspects concerning laboratory and in-situ testing, numerical modeling, vulnerability assessment and construction maintenance.

Masonry Construction in Active Seismic Regions

Masonry Construction in Active Seismic Regions
Author: Rajesh Rupakhety
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
Total Pages: 482
Release: 2021-05-12
Genre: Architecture
ISBN: 0128231963
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During earthquakes, masonry buildings are the most affected, and consequently, damage to these buildings leads to massive loss of life and property. Masonry buildings comprise probably the greatest share of overall housing stock, and in turn, understanding their performance during earthquakes is a pivotal problem in seismic regions. Masonry Construction in Active Seismic Regions presents details on the kinds of masonry building found in seismic regions of the world. The title describes interventions, such as retrofitted solutions, dynamic identification, and improved construction after earthquakes, that are equally applicable to regions of moderate and high seismicity. The book covers representative masonry buildings from active seismic regions, the material properties of masonry construction, numerical modelling techniques and computational advances, seismic performance of non-engineered masonry buildings, resilience in typical construction, retrofitting, and the cultural values and structural characterization of heritage masonry buildings in active seismic regions. This book is unique in its global and systematic coverage of masonry construction in seismic regions. Identifies the material properties of masonry construction from a seismic perspective Covers representative masonry buildings from active seismic regions, providing a benchmark to understand existing building stocks Provides numerical modelling techniques and reviews computational advances, including a large test database Details the seismic performance of non-engineered masonry buildings, as well as the cultural values and structural characterisation of heritage masonry constructions Analyses typical or vernacular constructions which have earthquake resilient features, such as Dhajji-Dewari, Borbone, Pombalino, and Himis

Brick and Block Masonry

Brick and Block Masonry
Author: Claudio Modena
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 2558
Release: 2016-11-03
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1498795927
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Brick and Block Masonry - Trends, Innovations and Challenges contains the lectures and regular papers presented at the 16th International Brick and Block Masonry Conference (Padova, Italy, 26-30 June 2016). In an ever-changing world, in which innovations are rapidly implemented but soon surpassed, the challenge for masonry, the oldest and most traditional building material, is that it can address the increasingly pressing requirements of quality of living, safety, and sustainability. This abstracts volume and full paper USB device, focusing on challenges, innovations, trends and ideas related to masonry, in both research and building practice, will proof to be a valuable source of information for researchers and practitioners, masonry industries and building management authorities, construction professionals and educators.

Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions

Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions
Author: Rafael Aguilar
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 2518
Release: 2018-08-18
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3319994417
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This volume contains the proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions (SAHC) that was held in Cusco, Peru in 2018. It disseminates recent advances in the areas related to the structural analysis of historical and archaeological constructions. The challenges faced in this field show that accuracy and robustness of results rely heavily on an interdisciplinary approach, where different areas of expertise from managers, practitioners, and scientists work together. Bearing this in mind, SAHC 2018 stimulated discussion on the new knowledge developed in the different disciplines involved in analysis, conservation, retrofit, and management of existing constructions. This book is organized according to the following topics: assessment and intervention of archaeological heritage, history of construction and building technology, advances in inspection and NDT, innovations in field and laboratory testing applied to historical construction and heritage, new technologies and techniques, risk and vulnerability assessments of heritage for multiple types of hazards, repair, strengthening, and retrofit of historical structures, numerical modeling and structural analysis, structural health monitoring, durability and sustainability, management and conservation strategies for heritage structures, and interdisciplinary projects and case studies. This volume holds particular interest for all the community interested in the challenging task of preserving existing constructions, enable great opportunities, and also uncover new challenges in the field of structural analysis of historical and archeological constructions.