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Sphingolipid Metabolism and Metabolic Disease

Sphingolipid Metabolism and Metabolic Disease
Author: Xian-Cheng Jiang
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 216
Release: 2022-05-03
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9811903948

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This book provides an up-to-date review of the fundamentals of sphingolipid metabolism and its role in metabolic diseases. Focusing on the sphingolipid de novo synthesis pathway, the effect of sphingomyelin, ceramide, and sphingosine-1-phosphate, and linkage between sphingolipids and other lipids, such as cholesterol, it covers serine palmitoyltransferase, ceramide synthases, ceramidases, sphingosine kinases, and sphingomyelin synthases, and more. While highlighting how rare diseases related to abnormal glycosphingolipid metabolism, this publication introduces sphingolipid metabolism-related diseases, such as lung diseases and cancers, as well as sphingolipid circadian regulation. The book demonstrates advances and limitations of research on sphingolipid metabolism and its roles in metabolic diseases and other diseases. It offers graduate students and researchers a coherent overview of sphingolipids, as well as the limitations of current research in the field, and promotes further studies on metabolic diseases, as well as pharmaceutical research on drug discovery based on sphingolipid de novo synthase.


Sphingolipids and Metabolic Disease

Sphingolipids and Metabolic Disease
Author: L. Ashley Cowart
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 163
Release: 2011-09-15
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1461406501

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Current thinking holds that obesity derives primarily from overnutrition (though compelling arguments for other mechanisms, like endocrine disruption by environmental pollutants, also gain support from the literature). In animals, overnutrition is initially handled by adipose tissue expansion; however, exhaustion of this route of lipid sequestering results in oversupply of lipid to other tissues including skeletal muscle, heart, liver, and others. Failure of these tissues to clear excess lipids through either metabolism or sequestration into putatively inert triacylglycerols results in perturbation of bioactive lipid metabolism in cells. In particular, aberrant generation of bioactive sphingolipids is implicated in a multitude of pathological outcomes of metabolic disease including insulin resistance, inflammation, cardiomyopathy, and others. This volume addresses not only the fundamentals of sphingolipid metabolism and analysis, but also the roles of sphingolipids in these disease processes.


Inborn Disorders of Sphingolipid Metabolism

Inborn Disorders of Sphingolipid Metabolism
Author: Stanley M. Aronson
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 530
Release: 2017-01-31
Genre: Health & Fitness
ISBN: 1483223582

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Inborn Disorders of Sphingolipid Metabolism is a collection of papers presented at the Third International Symposium on the Cerebral Sphingolipidoses and Allied Diseases, held at the Isaac Albert Research Institute of the Jewish Chronic Disease Hospital and at the State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, on October 25 and 26, 1965. This book is organized into three parts encompassing 35 chapters. Part I deals first with electron microscopic, histochemical, and morphological investigations of certain sphingolipid metabolism disorders. This part also examines several case reports on the features and symptoms of spongy degeneration of the central nervous system, familial leukodystrophy, adrenal insufficiency, and cutaneous melanosis. Part II surveys the metabolism, biosynthesis, and structure of gangliosides and sialic acids. This part also considers the nature of the lipophilic portions of the brain gangliosides. This part particularly looks into the features and clinical manifestation of Tay-Sachs disease. The third part covers the genetic and clinical aspects of the Tay-Sachs disease. This part also evaluates the genetics of the Hurler-Hunter syndrome, Batten-Spielmeyer-Vogt disease, and lipogranulomatosis syndrome. This book is of value to biochemists, histochemists, geneticists, and researchers in the allied fields of lipidosis.


Emerging Role of Lipids in Metabolism and Disease

Emerging Role of Lipids in Metabolism and Disease
Author: Marco Segatto
Publisher: MDPI
Total Pages: 308
Release: 2021-04-01
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 3039437011

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Even though initially considered as a passive means for storing energy, lipids are now regarded as multifaceted molecules with crucial structural and functional activities. For instance, some of them play essential roles as key components of cell membranes whereas others act as signaling molecules in the regulation of cell homeostasis. In recent years, lipid research has attracted increasing interest because of the involvement of this class of compounds in human health. Indeed, a plethora of pathological conditions are characterized by alterations in lipid metabolism, such as cardiovascular diseases and brain disorders. This Special Issue is a collection of papers from different experts in lipid research, with the aim of providing new insights into the physiopathological involvement of lipids and their impact on human health. This collection also demonstrates the usefulness of interdisciplinary approaches in the development of novel methods to study and manipulate lipid metabolism, which may represent an attractive target for designing effective therapeutic strategies to counteract numerous pathologies.


Bioactive Ceramides in Health and Disease

Bioactive Ceramides in Health and Disease
Author: Johnny Stiban
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 153
Release: 2019-09-09
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3030211622

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This book is about the various roles of bioactive ceramides and other sphingolipids in cellular biology. The enigmatic biophysical and biochemical properties of ceramides and their propensity to influence membranes whether as rafts or protein-permeable channels are heavily discussed. Metabolism of ceramides and their metabolites is also focused with ceramide synthase family of proteins being a target of extensive review. Ceramide 1-phosphate and other sphingolipids are also presented in cellular physiology and pathophysiology. Prokaryotic origins of mitochondria at the level of membranes and the occurrence of apoptosis in bacteria are presented. Many aspects of ceramide and sphingolipid biology are addressed in this book. Its focus is the metabolism of ceramide in normal and diseased states and the biophysical and biochemical mechanisms governing the bioactivity of these molecules. Sphingolipid research has surged over the past thirty years and this book gathers the recent findings of various aspects of sphingolipid biochemistry. World-renowned scientists from the field of lipid biology, specifically sphingolipid biochemistry, were gathered to write this book. Scholars from most continents of the globe committed to write diligently about their expertise and the newest findings in the relevant fields. This book came to fruition after almost a year and a half of laborious preparation and diligent writings. This book is targeted to the experienced reader who is looking to read about the various aspects of bioactive ceramide signaling, as well as to the newcomer into the field, as the topics are explained in concise yet very informative manner. The authors and editor wish all readers a pleasant time reading this volume, and are adamant that this book will meet all expectations.


Sphingolipids: Basic Science and Drug Development

Sphingolipids: Basic Science and Drug Development
Author: Erich Gulbins
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 264
Release: 2013-04-11
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 3709113687

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Sphingolipids are lipid components of the plasma membrane in eukaryotic cells. They have an important function in signaling mechanisms in the cell. This book on sphingolipids provides insights into the basics of sphingolipid biology and drug development, with a particular emphasis on the sphingolipid derivative ceramide. In the first part basic functions of sphingolipids are described, as well as the genetics of important enzymes, sphingolipid metabolism and synthesis. The second part of this first volume focuses on drug development and pharmacology. The book is intended for scientists in pharmacology, biochemistry and cell biology with a focus on biomedical research as well as for clinicians working in pharmacology, oncology, cardiology, neurology and infectious disease. Together with Volume 216 by the same editors, the collection represents a unique, comprehensive work on sphingolipids, providing information on both sphingolipids’ basic biology (including synthesis, metabolism and cell biology) and their important function in a (patho-)physiological context.


Sphingolipid Biology

Sphingolipid Biology
Author: Y. Hirabayashi
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 528
Release: 2007-12-31
Genre: Science
ISBN: 4431342001

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Sphingolipids are fundamental to the structures of cell membranes, lipoproteins, and the stratum cornea of the skin. Many complex sphingolipids, as well as simpler sphingoid bases and derivatives, are highly bioactive as extra- and intracellular regulators of growth, differentiation, migration, survival, senescence, and numerous cellular responses to stress. This book reviews exciting new developments in sphingolipid biology/sphingolipidology that challenge our understanding of how multicellular organisms grow, develop, function, age, and die.


Sphingolipids as Signaling and Regulatory Molecules

Sphingolipids as Signaling and Regulatory Molecules
Author: Charles Chalfant
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 311
Release: 2011-01-12
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1441967419

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This book attempts to analyze the latest discoveries in sphingolipid biology and how the alteration of their metabolism leads to altered signaling events and to the development of pathobiological disorders, such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, asthma, diabetes, inflammation and infectious diseases.