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| Author | : M. Bessis |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 418 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3642670598 |
Download Red Cell Rheology Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Hemolysis during filtration through micropores studied by Chien et al. [I] showed a dependence on pressure gradient and pore diameter that, at the time of publication, did not permit an easy interpretation of the hemolytic mechanism. Acting on the assumption that thresholds of hemolysis are easier to correlate with physical forces than extents of hemolysis, we performed a series of experi ments repeating some of the conditions reported in [I] and then focusing on low L1P in order to define better the thresholds of hemolysis for several pore sizes. Employing a model of a deformed red cell shape at the pore entrance (based on micropipette observations) we related the force field in the fluid to a biaxial tension in the membrane. The threshold for lysis correlated with a membrane tension of 30 dynes/cm. This quantity is in agreement with lysis data from a number of other investigators employing a variety of mechanisms for introduc ing membrane tension. The sequence of events represented here is: a. Fluid forces and pressure gradients deform the cell into a new, elongated shape. b. Extent of deformation becomes limited by the resistance of the cell mem brane to undergo an increase in area. c. Fluid forces and pressure gradients acting on the deformed cell membrane cause an increase in biaxial tension in the membrane. d. When the strain caused by this tension causes pores to open in the membrane, the threshold for hemolysis has been reached [2].
| Author | : Stephen B. Shohet |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 221 |
| Release | : 1977 |
| Genre | : Blood |
| ISBN | : |
Download Red Cell Rheology (I) Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
| Author | : Oguz Baskurt |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 326 |
| Release | : 2011-09-28 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1439841802 |
Download Red Blood Cell Aggregation Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Red blood cells in humans—and most other mammals—have a tendency to form aggregates with a characteristic face-to-face morphology, similar to a stack of coins. Known as rouleaux, these aggregates are a normally occurring phenomenon and have a major impact on blood rheology. What is the underlying mechanism that produces this pattern? Does this really happen in blood circulation? And do these rouleaux formations have a useful function? The first book to offer a comprehensive review of the subject, Red Blood Cell Aggregation tackles these and other questions related to red blood cell (RBC) aggregates. The book covers basic, clinical, and physiological aspects of this important biophysical phenomenon and integrates these areas with concepts in bioengineering. It brings together state-of-the-art research on the determinants, mechanisms, and measurement and effects of RBC aggregation as well as on variations and comparative aspects. After an introductory overview, the book outlines factors and conditions that affect RBC aggregation. It presents the two hypotheses—the bridging model and the depletion model—that provide potential mechanisms for the adhesive forces that lead to the regular packing of the cells in rouleaux formations. The book also reviews the methods used to quantify RBC aggregation in vitro, focusing on their importance in clinical practice. Chapters discuss the effect of RBC aggregation on the in vitro rheology of blood as well as on tube flow. The book also looks at what happens in the circulation when red blood cells aggregate and examines variations due to physiological and pathophysiological challenges. The concluding chapter explores the formation of red blood cell aggregates in other mammals. Written by leading researchers in the field, this is an invaluable resource for basic science, medical, and clinical researchers; graduate students; and clinicians interested in mammalian red blood cells.
| Author | : Oguz Baskurt |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 310 |
| Release | : 2011-09-28 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1439841810 |
Download Red Blood Cell Aggregation Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Red blood cells in humans-and most other mammals-have a tendency to form aggregates with a characteristic face-to-face morphology, similar to a stack of coins. Known as rouleaux, these aggregates are a normally occurring phenomenon and have a major impact on blood rheology. What is the underlying mechanism that produces this pattern? Does this real
| Author | : Michael R. Pinsky |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 367 |
| Release | : 2007-05-19 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 3540373632 |
Download Applied Physiology in Intensive Care Medicine Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Te practice of intensive care medicine is at the very forefront of titration of treatment andmonitoringresponse. Te substrateofthiscareisthe criticallyill patientwho,by defnition, is at the limits of his or her physiologic reserve. Such patients need immediate, aggressive but balanced life-altering interventions to minimize the detrimental aspects of acute illness and hasten recovery. Treatmentdecisionsandresponsetotherapyareusually assessed by measures of physiologic function, such as assessed by cardio-respiratory monitoring. However, how one uses such information is ofen unclear and rarely supported by prospective clinical trials. In reality, the bedside clinician is forced to rely primarily on physiologic principles in determining the best treatments and response to therapy. However, the physiologic foundation present in practicing physicians is uneven and occasionally supported more by habit or prior training than science. A series of short papers published in Intensive Care Medicine since 2002 under the heading Physiologic Notes attempts to capture the essence of the physiologic perspectives that underpin both our understanding of disease and response to therapy. Tis present volume combines the complete list of these Physiologic Notes up until July 2006 with the ass o cia t ed r e vie w a r tic les o v er t h e s a m e in t er val t ha t a ls o addr ess e d t hes e cen tral issues.
| Author | : Timm Krüger |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 169 |
| Release | : 2012-10-02 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3834823767 |
Download Computer Simulation Study of Collective Phenomena in Dense Suspensions of Red Blood Cells under Shear Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The rheology of dense red blood cell suspensions is investigated via computer simulations based on the lattice Boltzmann, the immersed boundary, and the finite element methods. The red blood cells are treated as extended and deformable particles immersed in the ambient fluid. In the first part of the work, the numerical model and strategies for stress evaluation are discussed. In the second part, the behavior of the suspensions in simple shear flow is studied for different volume fractions, particle deformabilities, and shear rates. Shear thinning behavior is recovered. The existence of a shear-induced transition from a tumbling to a tank-treading motion is demonstrated. The transition can be parameterized by a single quantity, namely the effective capillary number. It is the ratio of the suspension stress and the characteristic particle membrane stress. At the transition point, a strong increase in the orientational order of the red blood cells and a significant decrease of the particle diffusivity are observed. However, the average cell deformation shows no signature of the transition.
| Author | : Stephen B. Shohet |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 221 |
| Release | : 1977 |
| Genre | : Blood |
| ISBN | : |
Download Red Cell Rheology (I) Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
| Author | : Dieter Platt |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 242 |
| Release | : 1988 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : |
Download Blood Cells, Rheology and Aging Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
In the third Erlangen-Nuremberg symposium on experimental geronto logy we discussed the effect of aging on blood cells and rheology. Most studies with red cells have been performed on humans, rats, and rabbits. All these erythrocytes have no nucleus; the cells are therefore a model in which new synthesis of proteins is impossible. All the processes are age dependent except for exchange with the plasma. Investigations of red cells have attracted attention because of the latter's availability in large quantities from biochemists, physiologists, immunologists, and micro scopists. We now have a relative abundance of data on the biochemical and immunologic composition as well as on the ultrastructure of the cells. The second topic under discussion at the symposium was the immune system and cell receptors. One of the most apparent features of aging of the organism is progressive dysregulation of the immune system. As a result, the incidence of infection, cancer, and autoimmune and immune complex diseases increases. While we have a lot of new data on the function and differentiation of lymphoid cells, we have little informa tion on lymphocyte receptors during the aging process. Rheologic studies reflect changes in red cell deformability and blood coagulation. The erythrocyte deformability influences blood flow in all parts of the circulation. The fluidity of the red cell membranes controls whole blood viscosity. During aging, there are significant alterations in blood coagulation and hemostasis. One of the best known modifications of blood co agulation is a typical thrombophilic tendency with aging.
| Author | : Gordon D.O. Lowe |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 284 |
| Release | : 2019-06-04 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0429536763 |
Download Clinical Blood Rheology Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Published in 1988: Study of blood flow properties (rheology) has attracted growing interest from clinicians in recent years. A United Kingdom meeting and a European meeting in 1979 resulted in previous publications summarizing the literature up to that time.
| Author | : Annie Viallat |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 457 |
| Release | : 2019-12-09 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1315395134 |
Download Dynamics of Blood Cell Suspensions in Microflows Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The first book to provide a physical perspective of blood microcirculation Draws attention to the potential of this physical approach for novel applications in medicine Edited by specialists in this field, with chapter contributions from subject area specialists
