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Author | : Beth N. Orcutt |
Publisher | : Frontiers Media SA |
Total Pages | : 328 |
Release | : 2017-09-29 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 2889452832 |
Download Recent Advances in Geomicrobiology of the Ocean Crust Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Igneous oceanic crust is one of the largest potential habitats for life on earth, and microbial activity supported by rock-water-microbe reactions in this environment can impact global biogeochemical cycles. However, our understanding of the microbiology of this system, especially the subsurface “deep biosphere” component of it, has traditionally been limited by sample availability and quality. Over the past decade, several major international programs (such as the Center for Dark Energy Biosphere Investigations, the current International Ocean Discovery Program and its predecessor Integrated Ocean Drilling Program, and the Deep Carbon Observatory) have focused on advancing our understanding of life in this cryptic, yet globally relevant, biosphere. Additionally, many field and laboratory research programs are examining hydrothermal vent systems –a seafloor expression of seawater that has been thermally and chemically altered in subseafloor crust – and the microbial communities supported by these mineral-rich fluids. The Frontiers in Microbiology 3 September 2017 | Recent Advances in Geomicrobiology of the Ocean Crust papers in this special issue bring together recent discoveries of microbial presence, diversity and activity in these dynamic ocean environments. Cumulatively, the articles in this special issue serve as a tribute to the late Dr. Katrina J. Edwards, who was a pioneer and profound champion of studying microbes that “rust the crust”. This special issue volume serves as a foundation for the continued exploration of the subsurface ocean crust deep biosphere.
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Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2017 |
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Download Recent Advances in Geomicrobiology of the Ocean Crust Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Igneous oceanic crust is one of the largest potential habitats for life on earth, and microbial activity supported by rock-water-microbe reactions in this environment can impact global biogeochemical cycles. However, our understanding of the microbiology of this system, especially the subsurface "deep biosphere" component of it, has traditionally been limited by sample availability and quality. Over the past decade, several major international programs (such as the Center for Dark Energy Biosphere Investigations, the current International Ocean Discovery Program and its predecessor Integrated Ocean Drilling Program, and the Deep Carbon Observatory) have focused on advancing our understanding of life in this cryptic, yet globally relevant, biosphere. Additionally, many field and laboratory research programs are examining hydrothermal vent systems -a seafloor expression of seawater that has been thermally and chemically altered in subseafloor crust - and the microbial communities supported by these mineral-rich fluids. The Frontiers in Microbiology 3 September 2017 | Recent Advances in Geomicrobiology of the Ocean Crust papers in this special issue bring together recent discoveries of microbial presence, diversity and activity in these dynamic ocean environments. Cumulatively, the articles in this special issue serve as a tribute to the late Dr. Katrina J. Edwards, who was a pioneer and profound champion of studying microbes that "rust the crust". This special issue volume serves as a foundation for the continued exploration of the subsurface ocean crust deep biosphere.
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Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 220 |
Release | : 2007 |
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ISBN | : |
Download Geomicrobiology of the Ocean Crust: The Phylogenetic Diversity, Abundance, and Distribution of Microbial Communities Inhabiting Basalt and Implications for Rock Alteration Processes Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Basaltic ocean crust has the potential to host one of the largest endolithic communities on Earth. This portion of the biosphere, however, remains largely unexplored. In this study, we utilize molecular biological, microscopic, and geochemical tools to gain a better understanding of the geomicrobiology of the ocean crust. Specifically, we examine the phylogenetic diversity of microorganisms inhabiting basaltic lavas, the activities and abundances of these microorganisms, the spatial extent of the biosphere, and the potential effect that microbial activity has on the geochemistry of the ocean crust and overlying water column. Our study demonstrates that young, fresh volcanic lavas near mid-ocean ridges host an incredibly diverse and dense population of microorganisms dominated by Bacteria, quite distinct from the microbial communities found in surrounding deep seawater and hydrothermal vents. Furthermore, these communities may contribute to the elemental cycling of Fe, S, Mn, N, and C in this environment. The inability to definitively identify microorganisms in drill-cores of old (> 15 Ma) ocean crust, however, implies that these once prolific communities may become scarce as the crust ages and moves further away from the ridge axis. Finally, we provide evidence suggesting that these communities are fueled by oxidative alteration reactions occurring in the basaltic crust.
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Total Pages | : |
Release | : 2006 |
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Download Geomicrobiology of the Ocean Crust: the Phylogenetic Diversity, Abundance, and Distribution of Microbial Communities Inhabiting Basalt and Implications for Rock Alteration Processes Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution June 2007.
Author | : Jens Kallmeyer |
Publisher | : Walter de Gruyter |
Total Pages | : 344 |
Release | : 2014-04-01 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 3110300133 |
Download Microbial Life of the Deep Biosphere Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Over the last two decades, exploration of the deep subsurface biosphere has developed into a major research area. New findings constantly challenge our concepts of global biogeochemical cycles and the ultimate limits to life. In order to explain our observations from deep subsurface ecosystems it is necessary to develop truly interdisciplinary approaches, ranging from microbiology and geochemistry to physics and modeling. This book aims to bring together a wide variety of topics, covering the broad range of issues that are associated with deep biosphere exploration. Not only does the book present case studies of selected projects, but also treats questions arising from our current knowledge. Despite nearly two decades of research, there are still many boundaries to exploration caused by technical limitations and one section of the book is devoted to these technical challenges and the latest developments in this field. This volume will be of high interest to biologists, chemists and earth scientists all working on the deep biosphere.
Author | : Don Canfield |
Publisher | : Elsevier |
Total Pages | : 658 |
Release | : 2005-02-22 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 9780120261475 |
Download Aquatic Geomicrobiology Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Microbes catalyze countless chemical reactions in nature which control the chemistry of the environment. Aquatic Geomicrobiology looks at these reactions and their effect on the aquatic environments from the perspective of the microbes involved. The volume begins with three introductory chapters outlining the basic principles of microbial systematics, microbial ecology, and chemical thermodynamics. These provide a framework for exploring the microbial control of elemental cycling in the remaining chapters. Readers will learn how microbes control the cycling of elements, the structure of the microbial ecosystems involved, and what environmental factors influence the activities of microbial populations. Also available in paperback Written by international experts in the microbial ecology and biogeochemistry of aquatic systems Includes introductory chapters on microbial systematics, principles of microbial ecology, and chemical thermodynamics Contains over 1500 references
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Publisher | : Academic Press |
Total Pages | : 230 |
Release | : 2018-04-18 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 0128155256 |
Download Advances in Applied Microbiology Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Advances in Applied Microbiology, Volume 102, the latest release in one of the most widely read and authoritative review sources in microbiology, contains comprehensive reviews of the most current research in applied microbiology. This latest release includes specific chapters on a variety of topics, most notably, Twenty-five Years of Investigating the Universal Stress Protein: Structure, function and applications, Fungal Genomes and Genotyping, Fungi in deep subsurface environments, Spore germination in pathogenic fungi, Host sensing by pathogenic fungi, Advances in the Microbial Ecology of Biohydrometallurgy, and The mycosphere and turnover of contaminants, amongst others. Contains contributions from leading authorities Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field Includes discussions on a variety of topics relating to applied microbiology
Author | : Philip Weaver |
Publisher | : Frontiers Media SA |
Total Pages | : 318 |
Release | : 2023-06-30 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 2832527396 |
Download Understanding ocean ridges, a new frontier for science and development Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : |
Publisher | : Elsevier |
Total Pages | : 322 |
Release | : 2011-07-29 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 0080464475 |
Download Advances in Agronomy Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Volume 90 of Advances in Agronomy contains seven timely reviews and over 50 descriptive figures. Maintains the highest impact factor among serial publications in Agriculture Presents timely reviews on important agronomy issues Enjoys a long-standing reputation for excellence in the field
Author | : Oladele Ogunseitan |
Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
Total Pages | : 312 |
Release | : 2008-04-15 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 1405144483 |
Download Microbial Diversity Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This book offers the first comprehensive, in-depth treatment of microbial diversity for undergraduate and graduate students. Using a global approach, Microbial Diversity illustrates the impact of microorganisms on ecological and Earth system phenomena. Accompanied by a devoted website with resources for both instructors and students: www.blackwellpublishing.com/ogunseitan Uses key ecological and global phenomena to show the continuity of microbial contribution. Illustrates the importance of microbial diversity for the understanding of global physiochemical and biological processes. Presents analyses of microscopic, culture, molecular, and phylogenetic systematic methods. Shows the relevance of microbial diversity to global environmental problems, such as climate change and ozone depletion. Features numerous illustrations, including over 60 4-color photographs of microbes.