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Preclinical MRI of the Kidney

Preclinical MRI of the Kidney
Author: Andreas Pohlmann
Publisher:
Total Pages: 725
Release: 2021
Genre: Analytical chemistry
ISBN: 9781071609781
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This Open Access volume provides readers with an open access protocol collection and wide-ranging recommendations for preclinical renal MRI used in translational research. The chapters in this book are interdisciplinary in nature and bridge the gaps between physics, physiology, and medicine. They are designed to enhance training in renal MRI sciences and improve the reproducibility of renal imaging research. Chapters provide guidance for exploring, using and developing small animal renal MRI in your laboratory as a unique tool for advanced in vivo phenotyping, diagnostic imaging, and research into potential new therapies. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Cutting-edge and thorough, Preclinical MRI of the Kidney: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource and will be of importance to anyone interested in the preclinical aspect of renal and cardiorenal diseases in the fields of physiology, nephrology, radiology, and cardiology. This publication is based upon work from COST Action PARENCHIMA, supported by European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST). COST (www.cost.eu) is a funding agency for research and innovation networks. COST Actions help connect research initiatives across Europe and enable scientists to grow their ideas by sharing them with their peers. This boosts their research, career and innovation. PARENCHIMA (renalmri.org) is a community-driven Action in the COST program of the European Union, which unites more than 200 experts in renal MRI from 30 countries with the aim to improve the reproducibility and standardization of renal MRI biomarkers.

Kidney Mri: Preclinical Applications

Kidney Mri: Preclinical Applications
Author: Sarah Brown
Publisher: States Academic Press
Total Pages: 252
Release: 2021-11-16
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9781639893171
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Magnetic resonance is a medical imaging technique which is used for taking detailed pictures of the soft tissues and organs of the body through radio waves and magnets. Unlike X-rays and CT scans, it does not make use of ionizing radiation. Therefore it can be used in cases where exposure to radiation is dangerous. The soft tissues as well as masses, cystic structures, lymph nodes and blood vessels can be seen in detail. The MRI functions by directing radio waves at the molecules of water inside the body, exciting and relaxing the protons in them. This energy from the water molecules is read and a 3-D image is produced which shows the different types of tissue. It can be used for the detection of acute renal failure and chronic kidney disease. It also helps in finding out changes in kidney function which could indicate inflammation or obstruction. The book aims to shed light on some of the unexplored aspects of magnetic resonance imaging and its clinical and experimental applications. It is an upcoming technique in the field of medical science that has undergone rapid development over the past few decades. Researchers and students in this field will be assisted by this book.

Magnetic Resonance Elastography

Magnetic Resonance Elastography
Author: Sudhakar K. Venkatesh
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 143
Release: 2014-10-01
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1493915754
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The first book to cover the groundbreaking development and clinical applications of Magnetic Resonance Elastography, this book is essential for all practitioners interested in this revolutionary diagnostic modality. The book is divided into three sections. The first covers the history of MRE. The second covers technique and clinical applications of MRE in the liver with respect to fibrosis, liver masses, and other diseases. Case descriptions are presented to give the reader a hands-on approach. The final section presents the techniques, sequence and preliminary results of applications in other areas of the body including muscle, brain, lung, heart, and breast.

Advanced Clinical MRI of the Kidney

Advanced Clinical MRI of the Kidney
Author: Suraj D. Serai
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 463
Release: 2023-12-19
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 3031401697
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This book offers the concepts of quantitative MRI for kidney imaging. Kidney MRI holds incredible promise for making a quantum leap in improving diagnosis and care of patients with a multitude of diseases, by moving beyond the limitations and restrictions of current routine clinical practice. Clinical kidney MRI is advancing with ever increasing rapidity, and yet, it is still not good enough. Several roadblocks still slow the pace of progress, particularly inefficient education of renal MR researchers, and lack of harmonization of approaches that limits the sharing of results among multiple research groups. With the help of this book, we aim to address these limitations, by providing a comprehensive collection of more chapters on MRI methods that serve as a foundational resource for clinical kidney MRI studies. This includes chapters describing the fundamental principles underlying a variety of kidney MRI methods, step-by-step protocols for executing kidney MRI studies, and detailed guides for post-processing and data analysis. This collection serves as a crucial part of a roadmap towards conducting kidney MRI studies in a robust and reproducible way, that promotes the standardization and sharing of data, and ultimately, clinical translation. Chapters are divided into three parts: MRI physics and acquisition protocols, post-processing and data analysis methods, and clinical applications. The first section includes MRI physics background and describe a detailed step by step MRI acquisition protocol. If a clinician would like to perform a renal MRI – this would include the parameters to set up the acquisition on the scanner. By this section, the reader should have the details to be able to successfully collect human renal MR images. In the second section, expert authors describe methods on how to post-process and analyze the data. By this section, the reader should have the details to be able to successfully generate quantitative data from the human renal MR images. In the final section, chapters show clinical examples of various methods. Authors share examples of multi-parametric renal MRI that are being used in clinical practice. This is an ideal guide for clinicians from radiology, nephrology, physiology, clinical scientists, and as well as basic scientists and experts in imaging sciences and physics of kidney MRI. It also provides an opportunity to students, trainees, and post-doctoral fellows to learn about these kidney MRI techniques.

Ultrasound Imaging in Acute and Chronic Kidney Disease

Ultrasound Imaging in Acute and Chronic Kidney Disease
Author: M. Meola
Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Total Pages: 158
Release: 2016-05-13
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 331805884X
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Ultrasound imaging techniques are an indispensable complement to physical examination, which is often frustrating, if not useless, for diagnosing kidney problems. The application of ultrasound techniques in clinical routine helps clinicians to rule out, at first glance, some serious pathological conditions and to concentrate on the accurate diagnosis of the patient. Moreover, sonography can extend the spectrum of diagnostic criteria in acute kidney diseases. It makes it possible to determine morphological parameters without potentially toxic contrast media while exploring functional aspects with contrast enhanced or Doppler ultrasound techniques. This publication meets a growing demand for current information among physicians and nurses in the field. With a focus on the daily practice of diagnosing kidney disease, it is an important resource for both beginner and advanced users of ultrasound imaging techniques.

MRI from Picture to Proton

MRI from Picture to Proton
Author: Donald W. McRobbie
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 405
Release: 2017-04-13
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1316688259
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MR is a powerful modality. At its most advanced, it can be used not just to image anatomy and pathology, but to investigate organ function, to probe in vivo chemistry, and even to visualise the brain thinking. However, clinicians, technologists and scientists struggle with the study of the subject. The result is sometimes an obscurity of understanding, or a dilution of scientific truth, resulting in misconceptions. This is why MRI from Picture to Proton has achieved its reputation for practical clarity. MR is introduced as a tool, with coverage starting from the images, equipment and scanning protocols and traced back towards the underlying physics theory. With new content on quantitative MRI, MR safety, multi-band excitation, Dixon imaging, MR elastography and advanced pulse sequences, and with additional supportive materials available on the book's website, this new edition is completely revised and updated to reflect the best use of modern MR technology.

Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer Imaging

Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer Imaging
Author: Michael T. McMahon
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 463
Release: 2017-01-12
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1315340755
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This is the first textbook dedicated to CEST imaging and covers the fundamental principles of saturation transfer, key features of CEST agents that enable the production of imaging contrast, and practical aspects of preparing image-acquisition and post-processing schemes suited for in vivo applications. CEST is a powerful MRI contrast mechanism with unique features, and the rapid expansion it has seen over the past 15 years since its original discovery in 2000 has created a need for a graduate-level handbook describing all aspects of pre-clinical, translational, and clinical CEST imaging. The book provides an illustrated historical perspective by leaders at the five key sites who developed CEST imaging, from the initial saturation transfer NMR experiments performed in the 1960s in Stockholm, Sweden, described by Sture Forsén, to the work on integrating the basic principles of CEST into imaging by Robert Balaban, Dean Sherry, Silvio Aime, and Peter van Zijl in the United States and Italy. The editors, Drs. Michael T. McMahon, Assaf A. Gilad, Jeff W. M. Bulte, and Peter C. M. van Zijl, have been pioneers developing this field at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Kennedy Krieger Institute including contributions to Nature Medicine, Nature Biotechnology, Nature Materials, and the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. As recognition for their initial development of the field, Drs. van Zijl and Balaban were awarded the Laukien Prize in April 2016, established in 1999 to honor the memory of Professor Gunther Laukien, a co-founder of Bruker Biospin GmbH.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Author: Robert W. Brown
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 976
Release: 2014-06-23
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0471720852
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New edition explores contemporary MRI principles and practices Thoroughly revised, updated and expanded, the second edition of Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Physical Principles and Sequence Design remains the preeminent text in its field. Using consistent nomenclature and mathematical notations throughout all the chapters, this new edition carefully explains the physical principles of magnetic resonance imaging design and implementation. In addition, detailed figures and MR images enable readers to better grasp core concepts, methods, and applications. Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Second Edition begins with an introduction to fundamental principles, with coverage of magnetization, relaxation, quantum mechanics, signal detection and acquisition, Fourier imaging, image reconstruction, contrast, signal, and noise. The second part of the text explores MRI methods and applications, including fast imaging, water-fat separation, steady state gradient echo imaging, echo planar imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging, and induced magnetism. Lastly, the text discusses important hardware issues and parallel imaging. Readers familiar with the first edition will find much new material, including: New chapter dedicated to parallel imaging New sections examining off-resonance excitation principles, contrast optimization in fast steady-state incoherent imaging, and efficient lower-dimension analogues for discrete Fourier transforms in echo planar imaging applications Enhanced sections pertaining to Fourier transforms, filter effects on image resolution, and Bloch equation solutions when both rf pulse and slice select gradient fields are present Valuable improvements throughout with respect to equations, formulas, and text New and updated problems to test further the readers' grasp of core concepts Three appendices at the end of the text offer review material for basic electromagnetism and statistics as well as a list of acquisition parameters for the images in the book. Acclaimed by both students and instructors, the second edition of Magnetic Resonance Imaging offers the most comprehensive and approachable introduction to the physics and the applications of magnetic resonance imaging.

Fluorine Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Fluorine Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Author: Ulrich Flogel
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 462
Release: 2016-10-26
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9814745324
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Over the past decade, fluorine (19F) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has garnered significant scientific interest in the biomedical research community owing to the unique properties of fluorinated materials and the 19F nucleus. Fluorine has an intrinsically sensitive nucleus for MRI. There is negligible endogenous 19F in the body and thus there is no background signal. Fluorine-containing compounds are ideal tracer labels for a wide variety of MRI applications. Moreover, the chemical shift and nuclear relaxation rate can be made responsive to physiology via creative molecular design. This book is an interdisciplinary compendium that details cutting-edge science and medical research in the emerging field of 19F MRI. Edited by Ulrich Flögel and Eric Ahrens, two prominent MRI researchers, this book will appeal to investigators involved in MRI, biomedicine, immunology, pharmacology, probe chemistry, and imaging physics.

Oxford Textbook of Clinical Nephrology

Oxford Textbook of Clinical Nephrology
Author: Neil N. Turner
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 3045
Release: 2015-10-29
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0191017655
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This fourth edition of the Oxford Textbook of Clinical Nephrology builds on the success and international reputation of the publication as an important resource for the practising clinician in the field. It provides practical, scholarly, and evidence-based coverage of the full spectrum of clinical nephrology, written by a global faculty of experts. The most relevant and important reference to clinical nephrology, this is an authoritative and comprehensive textbook combining the clinical aspects of renal disease essential to daily clinical practice with extensive information about the underlying basic science and current evidence available. Each section of the textbook has been critically and comprehensively edited under the auspices of a leading expert in the field. This new edition has been significantly expanded and reapportioned to reflect developments and new approaches to topics, and includes treatment algorithms to aid and enhance patient care where possible. The fourth edition offers increased focus on the medical aspects of transplantation, HIV-associated renal disease, and infection and renal disease, alongside entirely new sections on genetic topics and clinical and physiological aspects of fluid/electrolyte and tubular disorders. The emphasis throughout is on marrying advances in scientific research with clinical management. Richly illustrated throughout in full colour, this is a truly modern and attractive edition which reinforces the Oxford Textbook of Clinical Nephrology's position as an indispensable reference work of consistent quality and reliability. Enriched and refined by careful revision, this new edition continues the tradition of excellence. This print edition of The Oxford Textbook of Clinical Nephrology comes with a year's access to the online version on Oxford Medicine Online. By activating your unique access code, you can read and annotate the full text online, follow links from the references to primary research materials, and view, enlarge and download all the figures and tables. Oxford Medicine Online is mobile optimized for access when and where you need it.