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Author | : Philoponus, |
Publisher | : A&C Black |
Total Pages | : 192 |
Release | : 2014-04-22 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 1472501519 |
Download Philoponus: On Aristotle Posterior Analytics 1.1-8 Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Aristotle's Posterior Analytics elaborates for the first time in the history of Western philosophy the notions of science and the requirements for the distinctive kind of knowledge scientists possess. His model is mathematics and his treatment of science amounts to a philosophical discussion, from the perspective of Aristotelian syllogistic, of mathematical proofs and the principles they are based on. Chapters 1-8 expound the foundations of Aristotle's theory, pointing out the similarities and differences between scientific knowledge and other types of knowledge, establishing the need for basic principles, and identifying the types of principles and the source of necessity associated with scientific facts. Philoponus' massive commentary, the most complete ancient discussion of Posterior Analytics Book 1, offers uniquely valuable testimony to the way this book was read and understood in late antiquity, as well as providing information on earlier interpretations. Of particular interest is Philoponus' account of scientific principles, which is based not only on Aristotle but also on the Greek mathematical tradition, especially Euclid and his commentator Proclus.
Author | : |
Publisher | : A&C Black |
Total Pages | : 224 |
Release | : 2014-04-22 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 1472501756 |
Download Philoponus: On Aristotle Posterior Analytics 1.19-34 Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Aristotle described the scientific explanation of universal or general facts as deducing them through scientific demonstrations, that is, through syllogisms that met requirements of logical validity and explanatoriness which he first formulated. In Chapters 19-23, he adds arguments for the further logical restrictions that scientific demonstrations can neither be indefinitely long nor infinitely extendible through the interposition of new middle terms. Chapters 24-26 argue for the superiority of universal over particular demonstration, of affirmative over negative demonstration, and of direct negative demonstration over demonstration to the impossible. Chapters 27-34 discuss different aspects of sciences and scientific understanding, allowing us to distinguish between sciences, and between scientific understanding and other kinds of cognition, especially opinion. Philoponus' comments on these chapters are interesting especially because of his metaphysical analysis of universal predication and his understanding of the notion of subordinate sciences. We learn from his commentary that Philoponus believed in Platonic Forms as inherent in, and posterior to, the Divine Intellect, but ascribed to Aristotle an interpretation of Plato's Forms as independent substances, prior to the Demiurgic Intellect. A very important notion from Aristotle's Posterior Analytics is that of the 'subordination' of sciences, i.e. the idea that some sciences depend on 'higher' ones for some of their principles. Philoponus goes beyond Aristotle in suggesting a taxonomy of sciences, in which the subordinate science concerns the same scientific genus as the superordinate, but a different species. This volume contains the first English translation of Philoponus' commentary, as well as a detailed introduction, extensive explanatory notes and a bibliography.
Author | : Johannes (Philoponus.) |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : |
Release | : |
Genre | : Knowledge, Theory of |
ISBN | : 9781472552037 |
Download On Aristotle Posterior Analytics Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : Philoponus, |
Publisher | : A&C Black |
Total Pages | : 206 |
Release | : 2014-04-22 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 1472500369 |
Download Philoponus: On Aristotle Posterior Analytics 1.9-18 Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
In this part of the Posterior Analytics, Aristotle elaborates his assessment of how universal truths of science can be scientifically explained as inevitable in demonstrative proofs. But he introduces complications: some sciences discuss phenomena that can only be explained by higher sciences and again sometimes we reason out a cause from an effect, rather than an effect from a cause. Philoponus takes these issues further. Reasoning from particular to universal is the direction taken by induction, and in mathematics reasoning from a theorem to the higher principles from which it follows is considered particularly valuable. It corresponds to the direction of analysis, as opposed to synthesis. This volume contains an English translation of Philoponus' commentary, a detailed introduction, extensive explanatory notes and a bibliography.
Author | : Philoponus, |
Publisher | : A&C Black |
Total Pages | : 224 |
Release | : 2014-04-22 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 1472501594 |
Download Philoponus: On Aristotle Posterior Analytics 2 Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The Posterior Analytics contains Aristotle's philosophy of science. In Book 2, Aristotle asks how the scientist discovers what sort of loss of light constitutes lunar eclipse. The scientist has to discover that the moon's darkening is due to the earth's shadow. Once that defining explanation is known the scientist possesses the full scientific concept of lunar eclipse and can use it to explain other necessary features of the phenomenon. The present commentary, arguably ascribed to Philoponus incorrectly, offers some interpretations of Aristotle that are unfamiliar nowadays. For example, the scientific concept of a human is acquired from observing particular humans and repeatedly receiving impressions in the sense image or percept and later in the imagination. The impressions received are not only of particular distinctive characteristics, like paleness, but also of universal human characteristics, like rationality. Perception can thus in a sense apprehend universal qualities in the individual as well as particular ones. This volume contains an English translation of the commentary, accompanied by extensive commentary notes, an introduction and a bibliography.
Author | : John Philoponus |
Publisher | : Bristol Classical Press |
Total Pages | : 224 |
Release | : 2012-11-22 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 9781780930909 |
Download Philoponus: On Aristotle Posterior Analytics 1.19-34 Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Aristotle described the scientific explanation of universal or general facts as deducing them through scientific demonstrations, that is, through syllogisms that met requirements of logical validity and explanatoriness which he first formulated. In Chapters 19-23, he adds arguments for the further logical restrictions that scientific demonstrations can neither be indefinitely long nor infinitely extendible through the interposition of new middle terms. Chapters 24-26 argue for the superiority of universal over particular demonstration, of affirmative over negative demonstration, and of direct negative demonstration over demonstration to the impossible. Chapters 27-34 discuss different aspects of sciences and scientific understanding, allowing us to distinguish between sciences, and between scientific understanding and other kinds of cognition, especially opinion. Philoponus' comments on these chapters are interesting especially because of his metaphysical analysis of universal predication and his understanding of the notion of subordinate sciences. We learn from his commentary that Philoponus believed in Platonic Forms as inherent in, and posterior to, the Divine Intellect, but ascribed to Aristotle an interpretation of Plato's Forms as independent substances, prior to the Demiurgic Intellect. A very important notion from Aristotle's Posterior Analytics is that of the 'subordination' of sciences, i.e. the idea that some sciences depend on 'higher' ones for some of their principles. Philoponus goes beyond Aristotle in suggesting a taxonomy of sciences, in which the subordinate science concerns the same scientific genus as the superordinate, but a different species.
Author | : John Philoponus |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : |
Release | : 2012 |
Genre | : Definition |
ISBN | : 9781472552044 |
Download On Aristotle Posterior Analytics 1.19-34 Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : Paulo C. Biomdi |
Publisher | : Presses de l'Université Laval |
Total Pages | : 328 |
Release | : 2017-02-13T00:00:00-05:00 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 276371448X |
Download Aristotle: posterior analytics... Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Aristotle's “Posterior Analytics”, Book II, Chapter 19, contains one of the most significant texts in the history of philosophy and, in particular, the field of epistemology. Paolo C. Biondi's book offers a new English translation, along with a commentary and critical analysis, of this important text. The originality of the translation is grounded in the exegesis found in the commentary, which also provides an overview of the interpretations of many Aristotelian philosophers from the Greek commentators through to contemporary scholars. The critical analysis is an in-depth essay on Aristotle's thoughts on logic and psychology. Even though the essay's main argument — that human intuition lies at the base of the mind's grasp of the principles of science — reaffirms the traditional position, the conclusion is arrived at by an ingenious step-by-step study of each of the various human faculties of cognition, a study that is much like the process of putting together the pieces of a puzzle.
Author | : John Philoponus |
Publisher | : Bristol Classical Press |
Total Pages | : 200 |
Release | : 2008-03-20 |
Genre | : Foreign Language Study |
ISBN | : |
Download Philoponus: On Aristotle Posterior Analytics 1.1-8 Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Aristotle's "Posterior Analytics" elaborates the notions of science and the requirements for the distinctive kind of knowledge scientists possess. This book explores the foundations of Aristotle's theory, pointing out the similarities and differences between scientific and other types of knowledge, and establishing the need for basic principles.
Author | : Aristotle |
Publisher | : Aeterna Press |
Total Pages | : 143 |
Release | : 2015-09-01 |
Genre | : Religion |
ISBN | : |
Download Posterior Analytics Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The Posterior Analytics (Greek: ????????? ??????; Latin: Analytica Posteriora) is a text from Aristotle’s Organon that deals with demonstration, definition, and scientific knowledge. The demonstration is distinguished as a syllogism productive of scientific knowledge, while the definition marked as the statement of a thing’s nature, ... a statement of the meaning of the name, or of an equivalent nominal formula. Aeterna Press