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Pandemics: Insurance and Social Protection

Pandemics: Insurance and Social Protection
Author: María del Carmen Boado-Penas
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 314
Release: 2022
Genre: Applied mathematics
ISBN: 3030783340

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This open access book collects expert contributions on actuarial modelling and related topics, from machine learning to legal aspects, and reflects on possible insurance designs during an epidemic/pandemic. Starting by considering the impulse given by COVID-19 to the insurance industry and to actuarial research, the text covers compartment models, mortality changes during a pandemic, risk-sharing in the presence of low probability events, group testing, compositional data analysis for detecting data inconsistencies, behaviouristic aspects in fighting a pandemic, and insurers' legal problems, amongst others. Concluding with an essay by a practicing actuary on the applicability of the methods proposed, this interdisciplinary book is aimed at actuaries as well as readers with a background in mathematics, economics, statistics, finance, epidemiology, or sociology.


Adaptive Social Protection

Adaptive Social Protection
Author: Thomas Bowen
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 155
Release: 2020-06-12
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1464815755

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Adaptive social protection (ASP) helps to build the resilience of poor and vulnerable households to the impacts of large, covariate shocks, such as natural disasters, economic crises, pandemics, conflict, and forced displacement. Through the provision of transfers and services directly to these households, ASP supports their capacity to prepare for, cope with, and adapt to the shocks they face—before, during, and after these shocks occur. Over the long term, by supporting these three capacities, ASP can provide a pathway to a more resilient state for households that may otherwise lack the resources to move out of chronically vulnerable situations. Adaptive Social Protection: Building Resilience to Shocks outlines an organizing framework for the design and implementation of ASP, providing insights into the ways in which social protection systems can be made more capable of building household resilience. By way of its four building blocks—programs, information, finance, and institutional arrangements and partnerships—the framework highlights both the elements of existing social protection systems that are the cornerstones for building household resilience, as well as the additional investments that are central to enhancing their ability to generate these outcomes. In this report, the ASP framework and its building blocks have been elaborated primarily in relation to natural disasters and associated climate change. Nevertheless, many of the priorities identified within each building block are also pertinent to the design and implementation of ASP across other types of shocks, providing a foundation for a structured approach to the advancement of this rapidly evolving and complex agenda.


COVID-19 and Social Protection

COVID-19 and Social Protection
Author: Steven Ratuva
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 310
Release: 2022-01-07
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 981162948X

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This book provides a comparative analysis of how communities have developed people-based resilience in response to the global impact of COVID-19. The crisis of the capitalist economy due to border closure, downturn in business, loss of jobs and large-scale destruction of people’s well-being has worsened poverty, and inequality worsened the situation of the already marginalized. At the same time, it has provided the opportunity for indigenous and marginalized communities to innovatively strengthen their social and solidarity economies to respond the unprecedented calamity in a self-empowering and sustainable way. The book explores some of the ways in which local communities have mobilized their cultural resources to strengthen their social solidarity and mitigating mechanisms against the continuing global calamity. It looks at how different communities approach social protection as a way of sustaining their well-being outside the parameters of the ailing market economy and how some of these can provide valuable lessons for strengthening resilience for the future.


Handbook on Social Protection Systems

Handbook on Social Protection Systems
Author: Schüring, Esther
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Total Pages: 777
Release: 2021-08-27
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1839109114

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This exciting and innovative Handbook provides readers with a comprehensive and globally relevant overview of the instruments, actors and design features of social protection systems, as well as their application and impacts in practice. It is the first book that centres around system building globally, a theme that has gained political importance yet has received relatively little attention in academia.


How to Prevent the Next Pandemic

How to Prevent the Next Pandemic
Author: Bill Gates
Publisher: Vintage
Total Pages: 235
Release: 2022-05-03
Genre: Health & Fitness
ISBN: 0593534492

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Governments, businesses, and individuals around the world are thinking about what happens after the COVID-19 pandemic. Can we hope to not only ward off another COVID-like disaster but also eliminate all respiratory diseases, including the flu? Bill Gates, one of our greatest and most effective thinkers and activists, believes the answer is yes. The author of the #1 New York Times best seller How to Avoid a Climate Disaster lays out clearly and convincingly what the world should have learned from COVID-19 and what all of us can do to ward off another catastrophe like it. Relying on the shared knowledge of the world’s foremost experts and on his own experience of combating fatal diseases through the Gates Foundation, Gates first helps us understand the science of infectious diseases. Then he shows us how the nations of the world, working in conjunction with one another and with the private sector, how we can prevent a new pandemic from killing millions of people and devastating the global economy. Here is a clarion call—strong, comprehensive, and of the gravest importance.


Framework for Equitable Allocation of COVID-19 Vaccine

Framework for Equitable Allocation of COVID-19 Vaccine
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 273
Release: 2020-11-30
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 030968224X

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In response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the societal disruption it has brought, national governments and the international community have invested billions of dollars and immense amounts of human resources to develop a safe and effective vaccine in an unprecedented time frame. Vaccination against this novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), offers the possibility of significantly reducing severe morbidity and mortality and transmission when deployed alongside other public health strategies and improved therapies. Health equity is intertwined with the impact of COVID-19 and there are certain populations that are at increased risk of severe illness or death from COVID-19. In the United States and worldwide, the pandemic is having a disproportionate impact on people who are already disadvantaged by virtue of their race and ethnicity, age, health status, residence, occupation, socioeconomic condition, or other contributing factors. Framework for Equitable Allocation of COVID-19 Vaccine offers an overarching framework for vaccine allocation to assist policy makers in the domestic and global health communities. Built on widely accepted foundational principles and recognizing the distinctive characteristics of COVID-19, this report's recommendations address the commitments needed to implement equitable allocation policies for COVID-19 vaccine.


Covid-19 and Insurance

Covid-19 and Insurance
Author: María Luisa Muñoz Paredes
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 354
Release: 2023-01-10
Genre: Law
ISBN: 3031137531

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This book offers a novel study on the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on insurance from an international and comparative perspective. It assesses how insurance has to adapt to a new landscape, the effects of which will last over time and cut across all areas of the field. To avoid physical contact, digitalisation has accelerated dramatically, affecting insurance in all its phases: risk selection, underwriting, pricing and claims settlement. However, the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic go far beyond that. The extent to which a claim caused directly or indirectly by the virus is or is not covered by a given policy has been the subject of debate in many insurance branches. The most litigated cases worldwide are those that concern damages resulting from business interruption due to restrictions enforced by the authorities in virtually every country. This book analyses the rulings (for and against the insured) that have already been handed down by courts in various jurisdictions (for example in the US, Latin America, Spain and Germany), in order to provide guidance to the parties in future lawsuits and also to guide the courts’ own responses. This analysis extends to the measures that governments have taken in relation to insurance during the pandemic, as well as the changes that insurers have introduced in their general conditions to exclude coverage for the pandemic. This response is unsatisfactory, as the big question is how pandemic-related risks can be covered if private insurers simply refuse to do so. Solutions based on risk sharing with public entities or the use of contractual modalities such as parametric insurance are among those outlined by the authors. The book was written by experts from academia and lawyers specialising in this field, and written for all those interested in the field of insurance: lawyers, judges, academics and legal professionals.


Societal Resilience and Response to Contagious Diseases and Pandemics

Societal Resilience and Response to Contagious Diseases and Pandemics
Author: Abdrabo, Amal Adel
Publisher: IGI Global
Total Pages: 344
Release: 2022-03-04
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1799889750

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For the first time in modern human history, the response to a global health crisis was required among all countries no matter their wealth, size, or economic status. Every country was impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, and as it surged across the world, it took many lives with it. Thus, it is essential to study the ability of human societies to cope with the changes caused by pandemics. Societal Resilience and Response to Contagious Diseases and Pandemics adopts and maintains an interdisciplinary-transdisciplinary approach to investigating societal resilience. This book builds upon different insights of what has already been done for humanity to survive the spread of a deadly pandemic. Covering topics such as the role of healthcare professionals, political economy, and consumption culture, it is an essential resource for professionals, business leaders, policymakers, professors, graduate students, researchers, and academicians.


The Global Insurance Market and Change

The Global Insurance Market and Change
Author: Anthony A Tarr
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Total Pages: 376
Release: 2023-10-18
Genre: Law
ISBN: 1000953181

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This book focuses on the global landscape in which insurance is transacted, and where it is evolving, driven from within by transformative technologies and externally by the necessity to address risks like climate change and health crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. It discusses the dynamic challenges and opportunities that lie ahead for the industry in areas such as on-demand insurance, embedded insurance, parametric insurance, autonomous vehicles, the rise of fintech, the cyber risk landscape and through initiatives driven by distributed ledger technology or blockchain solutions. Moreover, it covers the major external challenges confronting the global insurance market, such as the growing insurance protection gap in relation to the affordability and insurability of natural catastrophes and climate change, and pandemics like COVID-19. This book examines innovations in insurance driven by the industry as well as externally imposed changes and dynamics impacting the industry. It describes these changes, the industry’s responses and the legal framework in which they occur. It canvasses additional regulatory and law reform initiatives that may be necessary to achieve an effective balance between the various competing interests. The book is the first to address these matters holistically with a particular focus upon insurance law, it will describe these changes and industry responses and the legal framework in which they occur. The Global Insurance Market will be directly relevant to legal professionals, insurers, insurtechs, fintechs, brokers, CEOs of insurance companies, risk managers, legal counsel, academics, researchers, the judiciary, and policy makers. It will also serve as a valuable resource for students of all levels.


COVID-19 and International Development

COVID-19 and International Development
Author: Elissaios Papyrakis
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 184
Release: 2022-01-13
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 3030823393

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The current coronavirus pandemic fundamentally reshapes existing debates and processes in international development. The unprecedented (and rapidly evolving) crisis is generating a number of substantial challenges for developing economies. Governments in low-income nations often find it extremely hard to cope with the increased demand for health services, make prompt decisions and put them into action, protect vulnerable segments of society and offer immediate relief to affected economic sectors. This book provides a series of reflective chapters that demonstrate how several areas of international development have been severely affected by the Covid-19 outbreak. It provides an in-depth critical discussion on how the current pandemic influences several development outcomes (in the domains of poverty/inequality, health, education, migration, formal/informal employment, (de)globalisation, the extractive sector, climate change, water and the global financial system). Each chapter draws policy recommendations on relevant interventions that can alleviate the identified negative repercussions of the Covid-19 pandemic, especially for the most vulnerable communities in the Global South.