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P2P Techniques for Decentralized Applications

P2P Techniques for Decentralized Applications
Author: Esther Pacitti
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 90
Release: 2022-06-01
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 3031018885
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As an alternative to traditional client-server systems, Peer-to-Peer (P2P) systems provide major advantages in terms of scalability, autonomy and dynamic behavior of peers, and decentralization of control. Thus, they are well suited for large-scale data sharing in distributed environments. Most of the existing P2P approaches for data sharing rely on either structured networks (e.g., DHTs) for efficient indexing, or unstructured networks for ease of deployment, or some combination. However, these approaches have some limitations, such as lack of freedom for data placement in DHTs, and high latency and high network traffic in unstructured networks. To address these limitations, gossip protocols which are easy to deploy and scale well, can be exploited. In this book, we will give an overview of these different P2P techniques and architectures, discuss their trade-offs, and illustrate their use for decentralizing several large-scale data sharing applications. Table of Contents: P2P Overlays, Query Routing, and Gossiping / Content Distribution in P2P Systems / Recommendation Systems / Top-k Query Processing in P2P Systems

P2P Techniques for Decentralized Applications

P2P Techniques for Decentralized Applications
Author: Esther Pacitti
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Total Pages: 106
Release: 2012-04-15
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1608458237
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As an alternative to traditional client-server systems, Peer-to-Peer (P2P) systems provide major advantages in terms of scalability, autonomy and dynamic behavior of peers, and decentralization of control. Thus, they are well suited for large-scale data sharing in distributed environments. Most of the existing P2P approaches for data sharing rely on either structured networks (e.g., DHTs) for efficient indexing, or unstructured networks for ease of deployment, or some combination. However, these approaches have some limitations, such as lack of freedom for data placement in DHTs, and high latency and high network traffic in unstructured networks. To address these limitations, gossip protocols which are easy to deploy and scale well, can be exploited. In this book, we will give an overview of these different P2P techniques and architectures, discuss their trade-offs, and illustrate their use for decentralizing several large-scale data sharing applications. Table of Contents: P2P Overlays, Query Routing, and Gossiping / Content Distribution in P2P Systems / Recommendation Systems / Top-k Query Processing in P2P Systems

From P2P and Grids to Services on the Web

From P2P and Grids to Services on the Web
Author: Ian J. Taylor
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 468
Release: 2008-12-11
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 1848001231
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Covers a comprehensive range of P2P and Grid technologies. Provides a broad overview of the P2P field and how it relates to other technologies, such as Grid Computing, jini, Agent based computing, and web services.

Handbook of Peer-to-Peer Networking

Handbook of Peer-to-Peer Networking
Author: Xuemin Shen
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 1421
Release: 2010-03-03
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0387097511
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Peer-to-peer networking is a disruptive technology for large scale distributed app- cations that has recently gained wide interest due to the successes of peer-to-peer (P2P) content sharing, media streaming, and telephony applications. There are a large range of other applications under development or being proposed. The - derlying architectures share features such as decentralizaton, sharing of end system resources, autonomy, virtualization, and self-organization. These features constitute the P2P paradigm. This handbook broadly addresses a large cross-section of c- rent research and state-of-the-art reports on the nature of this paradigm from a large number of experts in the ?eld. Several trends in information and network technology such as increased perf- mance and deployment of broadband networking, wireless networking, and mobile devices are synergistic with and reinforcing the capabilities of the P2P paradigm. There is general expectation in the technical community that P2P networking will continue to be an important tool for networked applications and impact the evo- tion of the Internet. A large amount of research activity has resulted in a relatively short time, and a growing community of researchers has developed. The Handbook of Peer-to-Peer Networking is dedicated to discussions on P2P networks and their applications. This is a comprehensive book on P2P computing.

Peer-to-Peer Computing

Peer-to-Peer Computing
Author: Quang Hieu Vu
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 330
Release: 2009-10-20
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 3642035140
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Peer-to-peer (P2P) technology, or peer computing, is a paradigm that is viewed as a potential technology for redesigning distributed architectures and, consequently, distributed processing. Yet the scale and dynamism that characterize P2P systems demand that we reexamine traditional distributed technologies. A paradigm shift that includes self-reorganization, adaptation and resilience is called for. On the other hand, the increased computational power of such networks opens up completely new applications, such as in digital content sharing, scientific computation, gaming, or collaborative work environments. In this book, Vu, Lupu and Ooi present the technical challenges offered by P2P systems, and the means that have been proposed to address them. They provide a thorough and comprehensive review of recent advances on routing and discovery methods; load balancing and replication techniques; security, accountability and anonymity, as well as trust and reputation schemes; programming models and P2P systems and projects. Besides surveying existing methods and systems, they also compare and evaluate some of the more promising schemes. The need for such a book is evident. It provides a single source for practitioners, researchers and students on the state of the art. For practitioners, this book explains best practice, guiding selection of appropriate techniques for each application. For researchers, this book provides a foundation for the development of new and more effective methods. For students, it is an overview of the wide range of advanced techniques for realizing effective P2P systems, and it can easily be used as a text for an advanced course on Peer-to-Peer Computing and Technologies, or as a companion text for courses on various subjects, such as distributed systems, and grid and cluster computing.

Peer-to-Peer Systems and Applications

Peer-to-Peer Systems and Applications
Author: Ralf Steinmetz
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 626
Release: 2005-09-29
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 354029192X
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Starting with Napster and Gnutella, peer-to-peer systems became an integrated part of the Internet fabric attracting millions of users. This book provides an introduction to the field. It draws together prerequisites from various fields, presents techniques and methodologies, and gives an overview on the applications of the peer-to-peer paradigm.

Building Decentralized Blockchain Applications

Building Decentralized Blockchain Applications
Author: Shahid Shaikh
Publisher: BPB Publications
Total Pages: 189
Release: 2021-01-27
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 9389898625
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Build decentralized applications using BlockchainÕs core technology Ê KEY FEATURESÊÊ _ Explore the engineering mechanism of Blockchain, Cryptocurrency, and Ethereum. _ Know-how of peer-to-peer networks, IPFS, and decentralised databases. _ Explore the working of DApps and build your own blockchain app. DESCRIPTIONÊÊ Blockchain is a revolutionary technology that shook the core of the finance world. However, Blockchain is not just about Cryptocurrency. This book focuses on Blockchain, its features, and the core technologies that are used to build the Blockchain network. In the first section, you will learn about Blockchain in-depth. Then, the book covers the two most popular Cryptocurrencies - Bitcoin and Ethereum. You will learn how these currencies work and how you can build your applications using these currencies. Moving on, you will learn about the decentralized databases. Decentralized databases can be used to build next-generation software applications. You will learn about various databases and how to use them in detail. Lastly, you will learn how the existing decentralized applications work, their architecture, and how they are incorporated into the application for the end-user. WHAT YOU WILLÊ LEARN _ Learn to build your own P2P network. _ Cutting-edge coverage on how cryptocurrency works. _ Learn smart techniques to develop your own DApps on Ethereum platform. _ Learn to use decentralized databases including OrbitDB. WHO THIS BOOK IS FOR This book is for anyone who wants to become a Blockchain developer or wants to build an application using Blockchain. Full stack developers, software engineers, web programmers, and beginners who are interested in Blockchain can find this book a true handy guide to begin their career in Blockchain.Ê TABLE OF CONTENTSÊÊ 1. Introduction to Blockchain and decentralized network 2. Ethereum, Smart Contracts and DApps 3. Interplanetary file system 4. OrbitDB - Peer to peer distributed database 5. BigchainDB 6. TiesDB 7. BluZelle 8. Amazon QLDB 9. OpenBazaar 10. DTube 11. Ocean protocol

Search and Delivery Techniques in Peer-to-peer Networks

Search and Delivery Techniques in Peer-to-peer Networks
Author: Tai T. Do
Publisher:
Total Pages: 108
Release: 2009
Genre: Peer-to-peer architecture (Computer networks)
ISBN:
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The presence of millions of interconnected personal computing devices has given rise to a new class of decentralized networking applications, which are loosely labeled as peer-to-peer (P2P) applications. These P2P applications leverage resources such as processing cycles, storage, content, and network bandwidth available to the user devices, which are also known as peers. A number of current systems--SETI[at]home, Napster, BitTorrent, and Pastry--are examples of these emerging P2P systems. To fully realize the potential of the peer-to-peer technology, there is a need to define and provide a set of core competencies, serving as the basic services upon which various peer-to-peer applications can be built on. Among these core competencies, this dissertation focuses on two fundamental services, which are search and delivery. In the first part of the dissertation, delivery techniques to support video-on-demand services in wireline and wireless P2P networks are investigated. Video services are considered due to two reasons. First, video services are the pivotal basis for many other multimedia applications. Second, it is challenging to provide on-demand video services due to asynchronous playback progresses at peers. The proposed techniques enable efficient video sharing between peers with asynchronous playback progresses, and maximize peer bandwidth utilization. In the second part of the dissertation, the problem of supporting continuous moving range queries in wireless mobile peer-to-peer networks is studied. Continuous moving range queries have a number of applications when a moving object wants to monitor its surrounding environment for a period of time. When a fixed network infrastructure is not available, wireless mobile peer-to-peer networks become a viable option to support the continuous query system. The proposed distributed solution ensures the accuracy of the query results under realistic assumptions, and incurs much less overhead than alternative solutions.

Data Processing on FPGAs

Data Processing on FPGAs
Author: Jens Teubner
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 104
Release: 2022-05-31
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 3031018494
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Roughly a decade ago, power consumption and heat dissipation concerns forced the semiconductor industry to radically change its course, shifting from sequential to parallel computing. Unfortunately, improving performance of applications has now become much more difficult than in the good old days of frequency scaling. This is also affecting databases and data processing applications in general, and has led to the popularity of so-called data appliances—specialized data processing engines, where software and hardware are sold together in a closed box. Field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) increasingly play an important role in such systems. FPGAs are attractive because the performance gains of specialized hardware can be significant, while power consumption is much less than that of commodity processors. On the other hand, FPGAs are way more flexible than hard-wired circuits (ASICs) and can be integrated into complex systems in many different ways, e.g., directly in the network for a high-frequency trading application. This book gives an introduction to FPGA technology targeted at a database audience. In the first few chapters, we explain in detail the inner workings of FPGAs. Then we discuss techniques and design patterns that help mapping algorithms to FPGA hardware so that the inherent parallelism of these devices can be leveraged in an optimal way. Finally, the book will illustrate a number of concrete examples that exploit different advantages of FPGAs for data processing. Table of Contents: Preface / Introduction / A Primer in Hardware Design / FPGAs / FPGA Programming Models / Data Stream Processing / Accelerated DB Operators / Secure Data Processing / Conclusions / Bibliography / Authors' Biographies / Index

Transaction Processing on Modern Hardware

Transaction Processing on Modern Hardware
Author: Mohammad Sadoghi
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 122
Release: 2022-05-31
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 3031018702
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The last decade has brought groundbreaking developments in transaction processing. This resurgence of an otherwise mature research area has spurred from the diminishing cost per GB of DRAM that allows many transaction processing workloads to be entirely memory-resident. This shift demanded a pause to fundamentally rethink the architecture of database systems. The data storage lexicon has now expanded beyond spinning disks and RAID levels to include the cache hierarchy, memory consistency models, cache coherence and write invalidation costs, NUMA regions, and coherence domains. New memory technologies promise fast non-volatile storage and expose unchartered trade-offs for transactional durability, such as exploiting byte-addressable hot and cold storage through persistent programming that promotes simpler recovery protocols. In the meantime, the plateauing single-threaded processor performance has brought massive concurrency within a single node, first in the form of multi-core, and now with many-core and heterogeneous processors. The exciting possibility to reshape the storage, transaction, logging, and recovery layers of next-generation systems on emerging hardware have prompted the database research community to vigorously debate the trade-offs between specialized kernels that narrowly focus on transaction processing performance vs. designs that permit transactionally consistent data accesses from decision support and analytical workloads. In this book, we aim to classify and distill the new body of work on transaction processing that has surfaced in the last decade to navigate researchers and practitioners through this intricate research subject.