Numerical Simulation Of Canopy Flows PDF Download
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Author | : Günter Groß |
Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 243 |
Release | : 2012-12-06 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 364275676X |
Download Numerical Simulation of Canopy Flows Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Starting with the description of meteorological variables in forest canopies and its parameter variations, a numerical three-dimentional model is developed. Its applicability is demonstrated, first, by wind sheltering effects of hedges and, second, by the effects of deforestation on local climate in complex terrain. Scientists in ecology, agricultural botany and meteorology, but also urban and regional lanners will profit from this study finding the most effective solution for their specific problems.
Author | : Hao-Chi Cynthia Poon |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : |
Release | : 2017-01-26 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9781361240236 |
Download Numerical Simulation of Turbulent Flow and Microclimate Within and Above Vegetation Canopy Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : Hao-chi Poon (Cynthia) |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 179 |
Release | : 2010 |
Genre | : Turbulence |
ISBN | : |
Download Numerical Simulation of Turbulent Flow and Microclimate Within and Above Vegetation Canopy Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : Yulong Ma |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 252 |
Release | : 2019 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Download Large Eddy Simulations of Canopy Flows Over Complex Terrain Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Forest canopies cover about 30% of the land surfaces some of which are hilly or mountainous. Both complex terrain and forest canopies influence mean flow and turbulence, playing a critical role in affecting momentum and scalar transfer. Although recent advances have been made in numerical simulations of canopy flows, few have been conducted over steep slope terrain and considered full sets of physical and physiological processes in sub-canopy layers, which greatly limits our understanding of canopy flows and scalar transfer. To address this limitation, we upgrade the Weather Research and Forecasting model with the large-eddy simulations module (WRF-LES) by incorporating the immersed-boundary method (IBM) to improve the simulations over steep slope terrain. In addition, an advanced multiple layer canopy module (MCANOPY) is developed based largely on the Community Land Model version 4.5 and coupled with WRF-LES to simulate sources and/or sinks of momentum, heat, water vapor, and CO2 across multiple canopy layers. Both IBM and MCANOPY are evaluated against field measurements, demonstrating good performances compared with observations. The updated modeling system (i.e., WRF-LES-IBM-MCANOPY) is then applied over a forest edge to investigate the effects of foliage distributions and scalar distributions on canopy flows and scalar transfer. The results show that foliage distributions have a significant impact on the flow dynamics and scalar transfer, mainly due to the sub-canopy jet. The scalar distributions affect the scalar field with the ground source being the most important. The modeling system also simulates flows over forested hills. Flow dynamics over a three-dimensional hill show a different feature to those over a two-dimensional hill, where much large turbulence structures are simulated in the lee of a three-dimensional hill. Simulations over different slope hills demonstrate significant impacts of slopes. The lee side turbulence is enhanced as the hill slope increases. A new flow feature is the nearly unvarying flow field within the canopy in the lee of a steep slope hill, subjected to the influence of foliage distributions. Our upgraded WRF-LES-IBM-MCANOPY system has demonstrated promising capacities in many applications such as wind-turbine siting, wildfire propagation prediction, and interpretation of eddy covariance data over complex landscapes.
Author | : Edward Garrett Patton |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 302 |
Release | : 1997 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Download Large-eddy Simulation of Turbulent Flow Above and Within a Plant Canopy Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : Konstantin Gavrilov |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2011 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
Download Numerical Modeling of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Flow Over Forest Canopy Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The work is dedicated to the investigation of the interaction between an Atmospheric Boundary Layer and a canopy (representing a forest cover). We have focused our attention to the complex problem of the generation and transformation of turbulent vortices over homogeneous, heterogeneous and sparse canopy. This problem has been studied using Large Eddy Simulation (LES) approach and High Performance Computing (HPC) technique.The numerical results reproduced correctly all the main characteristics of this flow, as reported in the literature: the formation of a first generation of coherent structures aligned transversally with the wind flow direction, the reorganization and the deformation of these vortex tubes into horse-shoe structures. The results obtained with the introduction of a discontinuity in the canopy (reproducing a clearing or a fuel break in a forest) are compared with the experimental data collected in a wind tunnel. In this case, the results confirmed the existence of a strong turbulence activity inside the canopy at a distance equal to 8 times the height of the canopy, referenced in the literature as the Enhance Gust Zone (EGZ) characterized by a local peak of the skewness factor. Then, the process of passive scalar transport from a forest canopy into a clear atmosphere is studied for two cases, i.e., when the concentration held by the forest canopy is either constant or variable. While this difference has little influence on the concentration patterns, results show that it has an important influence on the concentration magnitude as well as on the dynamics of the total concentration in the atmosphere.
Author | : Mark N. Silbert |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 68 |
Release | : 1970 |
Genre | : Fluid dynamics |
ISBN | : |
Download A Structured Fluids Approach to Canopy Flow Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
The 'classical' turbulence approach to the flow of air in a vegetative canopy is reviewed. Three separate 'classical' theories are described. A comparison is made between experimentally measured canopy flows and a velocity function derived from the theory of structured continua. The agreement between theory and observations is good, but not unexpected, due to seven degrees of freedom in the fitted velocity profile. Proposals for future study for a more rigorous test of the theory are discussed.
Author | : Xiyan Xu |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 330 |
Release | : 2014 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9781303738937 |
Download Numerical Study of Canopy Flows in Complex Terrain Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Canopy flow plays a substantial role in regulating atmosphere-biosphere exchanges of mass and energy. The worldwide FLUXNET has been developed to quantify the net ecosystem exchange of mass and energy through fluid dynamics in and above vegetation canopy using tower-based eddy covariance (EC) technique. However, EC measurements are subject to advection errors in complex terrain, particularly during nights when atmospheric stability is strong. Because EC measurements are one-dimensional (1D), three-dimensional (3D) air movement, CO2 transport, and temperature variation around the instrumented tower are unknown. We employ a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model to investigate the impact on CO2 transport of 2D and 3D characteristics of canopy flow resulting from interactions between large-scale synoptic flows and local topography, vegetation and thermal conditions.
Author | : Yevgeny A. Gayev |
Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 425 |
Release | : 2007-02-06 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 1402053851 |
Download Flow and Transport Processes with Complex Obstructions Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This is the first book that reviews problems in different fluid mechanics disciplines that led to the concept of canopy, or penetrable roughness. Despite their diversity, many flows may be theoretically united by means of introducing distributed sinks and/or sources of momentum and heat and mass. These and other flows in engineering and environmental situations over surfaces with many obstacles are reviewed in terms of general concepts of fluid mechanics.
Author | : William L. Steffen |
Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 497 |
Release | : 2012-12-06 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 3642738451 |
Download Flow and Transport in the Natural Environment: Advances and Applications Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This volume arises from an International Symposium on Flow and Transport in the Natural Environment held in Canberra, Australia, in September 1987. The meeting was hosted by the CSIRO Division of Environmental Mechanics (now the Centre for Environmental Mechanics) to mark the opening of the second stage of its headquarters, the F.C. Pye Field Environment Laboratory, twenty-one years after the opening of the first stage. Those twenty-one years have seen much progress in our understanding of the physics of the natural environment and the occasion provided an ideal opportunity to review advances in our knowledge of flow and transport phenomena, particularly with regard to flow and transport in soils, plants and the atmosphere. The contents of this volume are based very closely on the Symposium's program. Undoubtedly, our choices of topics were idiosyncratic, but we believe that those we have selected exhibit progress, innovation, and much scope for practical application. Rather than being encyclopaedic, we have sought to deal with thirteen selected topics in depth.