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Non-Governmental Organizations in Contemporary China

Non-Governmental Organizations in Contemporary China
Author: Qiusha Ma
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 257
Release: 2005-11-16
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1134224117
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Based on documentary materials including interviews with key players in China, this book charts the development of non-governmental and non-profit organizations in China from the late 1970s to the present day. It recounts how in the aftermath of the 1978 reforms that created a market economy and diversified interests and social life, new institutions and organizations outside of the state system increased dramatically in number, size and influence. These organizations, which barely existed before the reforms began in the late 1970s, carry out many social, economic and cultural tasks neglected by the government. Qiusha Ma examines two key questions crucial to understanding the development of NGOs in China: First, is it possible under China’s one-party state for non-governmental organizations to thrive and play important economic, social and political functions? And secondly, are NGOs facilitating the formation of a civil society in China?

NGO Governance and Management in China

NGO Governance and Management in China
Author: Reza Hasmath
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 224
Release: 2015-07-16
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1317437136
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As China becomes increasingly integrated into the global system there will be continuing pressure to acknowledge and engage with non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Suffice to say, without a clear understanding of the state’s interaction with NGOs, and vice versa, any political, economic and social analysis of China will be incomplete. This book provides an urgent insight into contemporary state-NGO relations. It brings together the most recent research covering three broad themes, namely the conceptualizations and subsequent functions of NGOs; state-NGO engagement; and NGOs as a mediator between state and society in contemporary China. The book provides a future glimpse into the challenges of state-NGO interactions in China's rapidly developing regions, which will aid NGOs strategic planning in both the short- and long-term. In addition, it allows a measure of predictability in our assessment of Chinese NGOs behaviour, notably when they eventually move their areas of operation from the domestic sphere to an international one. The salient themes, concepts, theories and practice discussed in this book will be of acute interest to students, scholars and practitioners in development studies, public administration, and Chinese and Asian politics. Reza Hasmath is a Lecturer in Chinese Politics at the University of Oxford, UK, and an Associate Professor in Political Science at the University of Alberta, Canada. His research looks at state-society relationships, the labour market experiences of ethnic minorities, and development theories and practices. Jennifer Y.J. Hsu is an Assistant Professor in Political Science at the University of Alberta, Canada. Her recent publications include a co-authored book HIV/AIDS in China: The Economic and Social Determinants (Routledge, 2011), and a co-edited book The Chinese Corporatist State: Adaption, Survival and Resistance (Routledge, 2012).

Non-Governmental Organisations in China

Non-Governmental Organisations in China
Author: Yiyi Lu
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 353
Release: 2008-10-27
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1134047355
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As Chinese society becomes more open, and hopes rise that control by the Communist Party may become more relaxed, a great deal is expected from non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in the formation of civil society. This book, based on extensive original research including detailed interview research in over 40 Chinese NGOs, discusses the current position of NGOs within China. It argues that although all NGOs – both those originating as a result of government initiatives, and those which are popularly-organised – are dependent on the state, all enjoy a very large degree of autonomy. This autonomy arises in part because of the limited capacity of central government to control NGOs, and in part because of the fragmented and non-monolithic nature of the state, which enables individual bureaucratic patrons to protect particular NGOs, especially officially-organised ones, from the full impact of state control. The book also discusses the skill base of NGOs, showing that this is somewhat limited, and argues that, contrary to current hopes that NGOs and thereby civil society may flourish, the lack of state control is already leading to an "uncivil society" where rules do not exist or are ignored, and where organisations which are supposed to work for the public interest are being used to serve illegitimate private interests instead.

The Role of American NGOs in China's Modernization

The Role of American NGOs in China's Modernization
Author: Norton Wheeler
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 242
Release: 2013
Genre: History
ISBN: 0415506573
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In the waning years of the Cold War, the United States and China began to cautiously engage in cultural, educational, and policy exchanges, which in turn strengthened new security and economic ties. These links have helped shape the most important bilateral relationship in the late-twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. This book explores the dynamics of cultural exchange through an in-depth historical investigation of three organizations at the forefront of U.S.-China non-governmental relations: the Hopkins-Nanjing Center for Chinese and American Studies, the National Committee on United States-China Relations, and The 1990 Institute. Norton Wheeler reveals the impact of American non-governmental organizations (NGOs) on education, environment, fiscal policy, and civil society in contemporary China. In turn, this book illuminates the important role that NGOs play in complementing formal diplomacy and presents a model of society-to-society relations that moves beyond old debates over cultural imperialism. Finally, the book highlights the increasingly significant role of Chinese Americans as bridges between the two societies. Based on extensive archival research and interviews with leading American and Chinese figures, this book will be of interest to students and scholars of Chinese politics and history, international relations and transnational NGOs.

Building Civil Society in Authoritarian China

Building Civil Society in Authoritarian China
Author: John W. Tai
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 151
Release: 2014-08-28
Genre: Law
ISBN: 3319036653
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How is modern civil society created? There are few contemporary studies on this important question and when it is addressed, scholars tend to emphasize the institutional environment that facilitates a modern civil society. However, there is a need for a new perspective on this issue. Contemporary China, where a modern civil society remains in a nascent stage, offers a valuable site to seek new answers. Through a comparative analysis of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in today’s China, this study shows the importance of the human factor, notably the NGO leadership, in the establishment of a modern civil society. In particular, in recognition of the social nature of NGOs, this study engages in a comparative examination of Chinese NGO leaders’ state linkage, media connections and international ties in order to better understand how each factor contributes to effective NGOs.

The Regulation of Foreign Non-Governmental Organizations in China

The Regulation of Foreign Non-Governmental Organizations in China
Author: Markus Fisch
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Total Pages: 22
Release: 2017-04-06
Genre: Law
ISBN: 3668430179
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Scientific Essay from the year 2017 in the subject Law - Comparative Legal Systems, Comparative Law, , language: English, abstract: The present article is devoted to China's first Law on the Management Of Foreign Non-Governmental Organizations' Activities within Mainland China which will enter into force on 1 January 2017. The reform plans of the Chinese government have caused a great echo abroad, since the new law will have a significant impact on the activities of foreign NGOs in mainland China. In future, they will have to choose between two forms of activities, either to establish a representative office or to carry out temporary activities. However, both cases require a registration process with the authorities of Public Security as part of the new comprehensive monitoring and controlling system. At first, the article illuminates the historical and political background of foreign NGOs and their activities in China. Then, a brief overview of the current legal framework, under which foreign NGOs in China are entitled to act, is given. The focus lies on the analysis of the new legislation, in particular, the registration procedure for both forms of activities, followed by a closer view on special provisions to be observed after a successful registration, and a discussion of the regulatory powers in case of a violation of the legal provisions.

China and International Organizations

China and International Organizations
Author: Gerald Chan
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Total Pages: 248
Release: 1989
Genre: History
ISBN:
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Focusing on such organizations as the International Olympic Committee and the International Council of Scientific Unions, this study surveys Chinese participation in international non-governmental organizations and the competing claims of Beijing and Taiwan to be the sole legitimate representative of all China in these organizations--the "two-China issue."

NGOs, the State, and Legitimacy in Contemporary China

NGOs, the State, and Legitimacy in Contemporary China
Author: Eunhou Song
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2020
Genre:
ISBN:
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What explains the explosive growth of the NGO sector in China in recent decades? The extant literature on civil society and the state focuses on the organizations themselves, which falls short in explaining the phenomenon. By parting away from the agency and focusing on the state incentives, this dissertation explores why the state has facilitated the growth of the sector in recent decades. An important assumption that is clarified in this dissertation is that the NGO sector in China not only comprises civilian-established civil society organizations but also government-established groups and former public agencies that have been transitioned to NGOs. When examining state incentives, two incentives emerge - one is economic, which relates to the idea of using the legal term of "NGOs" to downsize parts of the bureaucracy, and second is political, which centers on using NGOs to outsource services with the ultimate goal of appeasing the masses. The former strategy emerged as early as the early 90s and was implemented in several provinces in the early 2000s as a response to fiscal shocks stemming from the tax-for-fee reforms. The comparison of China's case with NGO policy development in other authoritarian states -- Kazakhstan, Russia, and Belarus suggests that China is unique in that its incentive for NGO sector expansion was not only economic but political. The empirical evidence is drawn from county-level statistics, rural governance data (CHIP), fieldwork, web-scraped data on NGOs, a unique survey conducted in the field, and case studies.

Alternatives in Development

Alternatives in Development
Author: Liyiyu
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 248
Release: 2021-10-22
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 9811646988
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This book deals with the dynamics of local-level politics in China and India. China introduced new policies to restructure local politics in 1978. In place of communes, civil society organizations and cooperatives were introduced in villages. More changes came about with the introduction of the Organic Law of the Villagers' Committees of the People's Republic of China in 1998. The new local power structure includes state-sponsored institutions like Villagers Committees and the traditional civil society organizations (CSOs) and non-government organizations (NGOs). As in China, local politics in India undergoes considerable changes during the last few decades. Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) were reformed in 1992 with a constitutional amendment act. CSOs and NGOs were allowed to function. Against this background, the present book is undertaken with the objectives first, to present two different models of local politics and second, to compare the two, finally to focus on the two different models of development. This book will interest scholars of rural governance, rural transformation, and the role of the grassroots CSOs and NGOs in shaping development program and growth in the two large countries in Asia.

State of Exchange

State of Exchange
Author: Jennifer Y.J. Hsu
Publisher: UBC Press
Total Pages: 226
Release: 2017-01-27
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 077483367X
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Non-governmental organizations have increased dramatically in China since the 1970s, despite operating in a restrictive authoritarian environment. With labour migrants moving to the cities en masse in search of higher wages and better standards of living, the central and local states now permit migrant NGOs to deliver community services to workers in cities such as Beijing and Shanghai. Engaging a new conceptual framework, Jennifer Hsu reveals how NGOs are interacting with the layers and spaces of the state and navigating a complex web of government bodies, lending stability to, and forming mutually beneficial relationships with, the state. Interacting with the layers and spaces of the Chinese state, NGOs conduct and scale up their programs, while the state engages with NGOs as a means to remain relevant and further legitimize its own interests.