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Neurochemical Aspects of Excitotoxicity

Neurochemical Aspects of Excitotoxicity
Author: Akhlaq A. Farooqui
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 299
Release: 2007-11-20
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0387730230
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Leading researchers offer cutting-edge information on glutamate metabolism in the brain, examining the role of glutamate transporters and the involvement of glutamate receptors in the pathogenesis of acute neural trauma and neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, the authors discuss the treatment of these diseases with endogenous and exogenous antioxidants and glutamate receptor antagonists.

Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury

Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury
Author: Daniel Laskowitz
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 412
Release: 2015-12-01
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1498766579
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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a significant source of death and permanent disability, contributing to nearly one-third of all injury related deaths in the United States and exacting a profound personal and economic toll. Despite the increased resources that have recently been brought to bear to improve our understanding of TBI, the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches has been disappointingly slow. Translational Research in Traumatic Brain Injury attempts to integrate expertise from across specialties to address knowledge gaps in the field of TBI. Its chapters cover a wide scope of TBI research in five broad areas: Epidemiology Pathophysiology Diagnosis Current treatment strategies and sequelae Future therapies Specific topics discussed include the societal impact of TBI in both the civilian and military populations, neurobiology and molecular mechanisms of axonal and neuronal injury, biomarkers of traumatic brain injury and their relationship to pathology, neuroplasticity after TBI, neuroprotective and neurorestorative therapy, advanced neuroimaging of mild TBI, neurocognitive and psychiatric symptoms following mild TBI, sports-related TBI, epilepsy and PTSD following TBI, and more. The book integrates the perspectives of experts across disciplines to assist in the translation of new ideas to clinical practice and ultimately to improve the care of the brain injured patient.

Neurochemical Aspects of Neurotraumatic and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Neurochemical Aspects of Neurotraumatic and Neurodegenerative Diseases
Author: Akhlaq A. Farooqui
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 414
Release: 2010-09-02
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1441966528
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Collectively, neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by chronic and progressive loss of neurons in discrete areas of the brain, producing debilitating symptoms such as dementia, loss of memory, loss of sensory or motor capability, decreased overall quality of life eventually leading to premature death. Two types of cell death are known to occur during neurodegeneration: (a) apoptosis and (b) necrosis. The necrosis is characterized by the passive cell swelling, intense mitochondrial damage with rapid loss of ATP, alterations in neural membrane permeability, high calcium influx, and disruption of ion homeostasis. This type of cell death leads to membrane lysis and release of intracellular components that induce inflammatory reactions. Necrotic cell death normally occurs at the core of injury site. In contrast, apoptosis is an active process in which caspases (a group of endoproteases with specificity for aspartate residues in protein) are stimulated. Apoptotic cell death is accompanied by cell shrinkage, dynamic membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, DNA laddering, loss of phospholipids asymmetry, low ATP levels, and mild calcium overload. This type of cell death normally occurs in penumbral region at the ischemic injury site and in different regions in various neurodegenerative diseases.

Glutamate-Related Biomarkers in Drug Development for Disorders of the Nervous System

Glutamate-Related Biomarkers in Drug Development for Disorders of the Nervous System
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 74
Release: 2011-08-05
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0309212219
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Glutamate is the most pervasive neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS). Despite this fact, no validated biological markers, or biomarkers, currently exist for measuring glutamate pathology in CNS disorders or injuries. Glutamate dysfunction has been associated with an extensive range of nervous system diseases and disorders. Problems with how the neurotransmitter glutamate functions in the brain have been linked to a wide variety of disorders, including schizophrenia, Alzheimer's, substance abuse, and traumatic brain injury. These conditions are widespread, affecting a large portion of the United States population, and remain difficult to treat. Efforts to understand, treat, and prevent glutamate-related disorders can be aided by the identification of valid biomarkers. The Institute of Medicine's Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders held a workshop on June 21-22, 2010, to explore ways to accelerate the development, validation, and implementation of such biomarkers. Glutamate-Related Biomarkers in Drug Development for Disorders of the Nervous System: Workshop Summary investigates promising current and emerging technologies, and outlines strategies to procure resources and tools to advance drug development for associated nervous system disorders. Moreover, this report highlights presentations by expert panelists, and the open panel discussions that occurred during the workshop.

Basic Neurochemistry

Basic Neurochemistry
Author: R. Wayne Albers
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 1121
Release: 2011-11-02
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0080959016
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Basic Neurochemistry, Eighth Edition, is the updated version of the outstanding and comprehensive classic text on neurochemistry. For more than forty years, this text has been the worldwide standard for information on the biochemistry of the nervous system, serving as a resource for postgraduate trainees and teachers in neurology, psychiatry, and basic neuroscience, as well as for medical, graduate, and postgraduate students and instructors in the neurosciences. The text has evolved, as intended, with the science. This new edition continues to cover the basics of neurochemistry as in the earlier editions, along with expanded and additional coverage of new research from intracellular trafficking, stem cells, adult neurogenesis, regeneration, and lipid messengers. It contains expanded coverage of all major neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders, including the neurochemistry of addiction, pain, and hearing and balance; the neurobiology of learning and memory; sleep; myelin structure, development, and disease; autism; and neuroimmunology. Completely updated text with new authors and material, and many entirely new chapters Over 400 fully revised figures in splendid color 61 chapters covering the range of cellular, molecular and medical neuroscience Translational science boxes emphasizing the connections between basic and clinical neuroscience Companion website at http://elsevierdirect.com/companions/9780123749475

Excitotoxicity in Neurological Diseases

Excitotoxicity in Neurological Diseases
Author: Carlo Ferrarese
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 378
Release: 2004
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9781402076800
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The book is intended both for scientists already involved in the field, who may want a broader knowledge of all the aspects related to this complex mechanism, as well as for PhD or MD students, residents and neurologists wishing to learn more about a common mechanism involved in neuronal damage, driven by scientific curiosity or by the need to understand how new drugs, already on the market, may or may not work in various neurological disorders. With this aim, the book is basically divided into two parts, designed to be mutually integrated: - The first part covers all basic mechanisms of excitotoxicity, from glutamate metabolism, release, activity on various pre- and post-synaptic receptors, reuptake and their regulations, - The second part focuses on each neurologic disorder where this mechanism seems to play a major role, by examining in details pre-clinical and clinical evidences as well as treatment strategies in animal models and in patients. - To accomplish this complex task, world leaders in various fields, who did major contributions to define the problem and to open new avenues and are also actively working at present, agreed to put their expertise to launch the first complete and advanced level book on the role of excitotoxicity in neurologic diseases.

Handbook of Neurochemistry

Handbook of Neurochemistry
Author: Abel Lajtha
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 1982
Genre: Neurochemistry
ISBN:
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Biology of the NMDA Receptor

Biology of the NMDA Receptor
Author: Antonius M. VanDongen
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 368
Release: 2008-10-29
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 142004415X
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The NMDA receptor plays a critical role in the development of the central nervous system and in adult neuroplasticity, learning, and memory. Therefore, it is not surprising that this receptor has been widely studied. However, despite the importance of rhythms for the sustenance of life, this aspect of NMDAR function remains poorly studied. Written

Molecular Aspects of Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection

Molecular Aspects of Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection
Author: Akhlaq A. Farooqui
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers
Total Pages: 156
Release: 2011-01-26
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1608050920
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"Neurodegenerative diseases are a complex heterogeneous group of diseases associated with site-specific premature and slow death of certain neuronal populations in brain and spinal cord tissues. For example, in Alzheimer disease, neuronal degeneration occu"

Glycerophospholipids in the Brain

Glycerophospholipids in the Brain
Author: Akhlaq A. Farooqui
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 407
Release: 2006-10-28
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0387499318
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This volume provides a comprehensive description of phospholipid metabolism in brain, activities of phospholipases A2, and their involvement in neurological disorders. The purpose of this book is to present readers with cutting edge information in a lively manner that is useful not only to student and teachers but also to researchers and physicians.