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| Author | : Brittany R. Clark |
| Publisher | : Rowman & Littlefield |
| Total Pages | : 153 |
| Release | : 2022-11-15 |
| Genre | : Department stores in popular culture |
| ISBN | : 1666906395 |
Media Representations of Retail Work in America examines the ways in which retail workers have been portrayed in popular culture texts from the early 20th century to the 21st century.
| Author | : Brittany Clark |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2021 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
The retail trade has undergone tremendous changes over the course of the 20th century in the United States. In the early part of the century the job was somewhat skilled, and seen as a legitimate career for adults to hold. Today the job has been deskilled and mechanized, and retail workers struggle with low pay and lack of concrete benefits. Media narratives have followed these changes. This dissertation seeks to examine these changes and explore the ways in which retail workers have been presented in popular media. It will largely rely on close-readings of a variety of texts including films, television shows, advertisements, and internet memes. These texts were chosen because of their prominence in society during the time periods being examined. Additionally, it uses frameworks which incorporate class and gender in the examination of these texts. In the early 20th century, the department store was the setting of many major films, spanning from the silent era to about the early 1940s. These films portrayed the grandeur of early department stores. Today the setting is used to indicate that a character lacks maturity or ambition. In the middle of the century the setting was used on television via socially-relevant shows as a reflection of the general public's distrust in major institutions like government and big business. By the end of the century, exposes started to get written about the ways in which retail work is surprisingly difficult. Today, the internet has allowed workers from all over the country a place to communicate and share their own experiences. Media narratives exploring this topic have not been widely covered. Despite that, it is an important topic to consider as the job remains the most commonly held in the country according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
| Author | : Beth A. Haller |
| Publisher | : Taylor & Francis |
| Total Pages | : 166 |
| Release | : 2023-11-02 |
| Genre | : Performing Arts |
| ISBN | : 1003814034 |
This book tells the stories of disabled people who have been influential in creating modern mass media. Through the voices of key disabled media makers and collaborators, the author highlights the ways in which their contributions are changing society’s understanding of disability and shaping mass media and culture. Spanning a range of media formats – television/streaming productions, performances, podcasts, TED Talks, films, reality TV, graphic novels, and social media channels – the book illustrates how disabled people are confronting the marginalization they have faced in mass media for decades. Modern disabled media creators are leveraging new media platforms to recognize the lived experiences of disability and their authentic place in media culture. This innovative and thought-provoking volume will be an important read for scholars, disability advocates, and students of Disability Studies, Mass Communication/Media Studies, as well as mass media production faculty, disabled people, and their allies The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.
| Author | : Catherine A. Luther |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 418 |
| Release | : 2017-10-23 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 1119234018 |
An updated edition of the comprehensive resource that covers the various areas associated with representations of diversity within the mass media The second edition of Diversity in U.S. Mass Media presents a review of the evolution and the many issues surrounding portrayals of social groups in the mass media of the United States. Unfortunately, all too often mass media depictions play a crucial role in shaping our views about individuals and social groups. Filled with instructive insights into the ways social groups are represented through the mass media, Diversity in U.S. Mass Media offers a better understanding of groups and individuals different from ourselves. The revised second edition is filled with recent, illustrative examples from the media. Comprehensive in scope, the authors address a wide range of issues that include representations of race/ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, disability, class, and religion in films, television, and the press. The authors encourage readers to question what is being presented and explore the extent to which they agree with the perspectives that are described. Diversity in U.S. Mass Media is an important resource that: Offers an understanding of how various social groups are being represented in the mass media Explores how diverse communities inform and intersect with one another Draws on updated studies on the topic and presents original research and observations Includes new chapters on media portrayals of mixed race relationships and multiracial/multiethnic people and representations of religion and faith Accompanied by a companion website for instructors including many useful pedagogical tools, such as a test bank, viewing list, exercises, and sample syllabi Revised and updated, the second edition of Diversity in U.S. Mass Media offers a broad perspective on the myriad issues that influence how the media portrays social groups. Throughout the text, the authors show consistencies as well as differences in media representations of minority groups in the United States.
| Author | : Diana Kendall |
| Publisher | : Rowman & Littlefield Publishers |
| Total Pages | : 312 |
| Release | : 2011-04-16 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 1442202254 |
Framing Class explores how the media, including television, film, and news, depict wealth and poverty in the United States. Fully updated and revised throughout, the second edition of this groundbreaking book now includes discussions of new media, updated media sources, and provocative new examples from movies and television, such as The Real Housewives series and media portrayals of the new poor and corporate executives in the recent recession. The book introduces the concepts of class and media framing to students and analyzes how the media portray various social classes, from the elite to the very poor. Its accessible writing and powerful examples make it an ideal text or supplement for courses in sociology, American studies, and communications.
| Author | : Francoise Carre |
| Publisher | : Russell Sage Foundation |
| Total Pages | : 323 |
| Release | : 2017-11-16 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1610448707 |
Retail is now the largest employer in the United States. For the most part, retail jobs are “bad jobs” characterized by low wages, unpredictable work schedules, and few opportunities for advancement. However, labor experts Françoise Carré and Chris Tilly show that these conditions are not inevitable. In Where Bad Jobs Are Better, they investigate retail work across different industries and seven countries to demonstrate that better retail jobs are not just possible, but already exist. By carefully analyzing the factors that lead to more desirable retail jobs, Where Bad Jobs Are Better charts a path to improving job quality for all low-wage jobs. In surveying retail work across the United States, Carré and Tilly find that the majority of retail workers receive low pay and nearly half work part-time, which contributes to high turnover and low productivity. Jobs staffed predominantly by women, such as grocery store cashiers, pay even less than retail jobs in male-dominated fields, such as consumer electronics. Yet, when comparing these jobs to similar positions in Western Europe, Carré and Tilly find surprising differences. In France, though supermarket cashiers perform essentially the same work as cashiers in the United States, they receive higher pay, are mostly full-time, and experience lower turnover and higher productivity. And unlike the United States, where many retail employees are subject to unpredictable schedules, in Germany, retailers are required by law to provide their employees notice of work schedules six months in advance. The authors show that disparities in job quality are largely the result of differing social norms and national institutions. For instance, weak labor regulations and the decline of unions in the United States have enabled retailers to cut labor costs aggressively in ways that depress wages and discourage full-time work. On the other hand, higher minimum wages, greater government regulation of work schedules, and stronger collective bargaining through unions and works councils have improved the quality of retail jobs in Europe. As retail and service work continue to expand, American employers and policymakers will have to decide the extent to which these jobs will be good or bad. Where Bad Jobs Are Better shows how stronger rules and regulations can improve the lives of retail workers and boost the quality of low-wage jobs across the board.
| Author | : Peter Ikeler |
| Publisher | : Cornell University Press |
| Total Pages | : 239 |
| Release | : 2016-08-03 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 1501706632 |
Along with fast-food workers, retail workers are capturing the attention of the public and the media with the Fight for $15. Like fast-food workers, retail workers are underpaid, and fewer than 5 percent of them belong to unions. In Hard Sell, Peter Ikeler traces the low-wage, largely nonunion character of U.S. retail through the history and ultimate failure of twentieth-century retail unionism. He asks pivotal questions about twenty-first-century capitalism: Does the nature of retail work make collective action unlikely? Can working conditions improve in the absence of a union? Is worker consciousness changing in ways that might encourage or further inhibit organizing? Ikeler conducted interviews at New York City locations of two iconic department stores—Macy's and Target. Much of the book’s narrative unfolds from the perspectives of these workers in America’s most unequal city.When he speaks to workers, Ikeler finds that the Macy’s organization displays an adversarial relationship between workers and managers and that Target is infused with a "teamwork" message that enfolds both parties. Macy’s workers identify more with their jobs and are more opposed to management, yet Target workers show greater solidarity. Both groups, however, are largely unhappy with the pay and precariousness of their jobs. Combined with workplace-generated feelings of unity and resistance, these grievances provide promising inroads to organizing that could help take the struggle against inequality beyond symbolic action to real economic power.
| Author | : Oliver Boyd Barrett |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 255 |
| Release | : 2011-03-01 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 113680675X |
This book investigates representations of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) in Hollywood films, and the synergies between Hollywood product, U.S. military/defense interests and U.S. foreign policy. As probably the best known of the many different intelligence agencies of the US, the CIA is an exceptionally well known national and international icon or even "brand," one that exercises a powerful influence on the imagination of people throughout the world as well as on the creative minds of filmmakers. The book examines films sampled from five decades - the 1960s, 1970s, 1980s, 1990s and 2000s - and explores four main issues: the relative prominence of the CIA; the extent to which these films appeared to be overtly political; the degree to which they were favorable or unfavorable to the CIA; and their relative attitude to the "business" of intelligence. A final chapter considers the question: do these Hollywood texts appear to function ideologically to "normalize" the CIA? If so, might this suggest the further hypothesis that many CIA movies assist audiences with reconciling two sometimes fundamental opposites: often gruesome covert CIA activity for questionable goals and at enormous expense, on the one hand, and the values and procedures of democratic society, on the other. This interdisciplinary book will be of much interest to students of the CIA/Intelligence Studies, media and film studies, US politics and IR/Security Studies in general.
| Author | : Lee Wilkins |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 594 |
| Release | : 2008-09-17 |
| Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
| ISBN | : 1135594597 |
This Handbook encapsulates the intellectual history of mass media ethics over the past twenty-five years. Chapters serve as a summary of existing research and thinking in the field, as well as setting agenda items for future research. Key features include: up-to-date and comprehensive coverage of media ethics, one of the hottest topics in the media community 'one-stop shopping' for historical and current research in media ethics experienced, top-tier editors, advisory board, and contributors. It will be an essential reference on media ethics theory and research for scholars, graduate students, and researchers in media, mass communication, and journalism.
| Author | : Christopher K. Andrews |
| Publisher | : Rowman & Littlefield |
| Total Pages | : 206 |
| Release | : 2018-12-11 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 1498543790 |
This book uses empirical data to qualify contemporary social concerns regarding automation and jobs, while raising questions about the increasing creep of unpaid work into Americans’ leisure time.
