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Author | : S.L. Tsohatzidis |
Publisher | : Routledge |
Total Pages | : 595 |
Release | : 2014-02-03 |
Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
ISBN | : 1317933591 |
Download Meanings and Prototypes Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
There are fewer distinctions in any language than there are distinct things in the universe. If, therefore, languages are ways of representing the universe, a primary function of their elements must be to allow the much more varied kinds of elements out of which the universe is made to be categorized in specific ways. A prototype approach to linguistic categories is a particular way of answering the question of how this categorization operates. It involves two claims. First, that linguistic categorization exploits principles that are not specific to language but characterize most, if not all, processes of cognition. Secondly, that a basic principle by which cognitive and linguistic categories are organized is the prototype principle, which assigns elements to a category not because they exemplify properties that are absolutely required of each one of its members, but because they exhibit, in varying degrees, certain types of similarity with a particular category member which has been established as the best example (or: prototype) of its kind. The development of the prototype approach into a satisfactory body of theory obviously requires both that its empirical base be enriched, and that its conceptual foundations be clarified. These are the areas where this volume, in its 26 essays, makes original contributions. The first two parts contain discussions in which various kinds of linguistic phenomena are analysed in ways that make essential use of prototype notions. The last two parts contain discussions in which prototype notions themselves become the object, rather than the instrument, of analytical scrutiny.
Author | : Kathryn McElroy |
Publisher | : "O'Reilly Media, Inc." |
Total Pages | : 326 |
Release | : 2016-12-29 |
Genre | : Computers |
ISBN | : 1491954035 |
Download Prototyping for Designers Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Prototyping and user testing is the best way to create successful products, but many designers skip this important step and use gut instinct instead. By explaining the goals and methodologies behind prototyping—and demonstrating how to prototype for both physical and digital products—this practical guide helps beginning and intermediate designers become more comfortable with creating and testing prototypes early and often in the process. Author Kathryn McElroy explains various prototyping methods, from fast and dirty to high fidelity and refined, and reveals ways to test your prototypes with users. You’ll gain valuable insights for improving your product, whether it’s a smartphone app or a new electronic gadget. Learn similarities and differences between prototyping for physical and digital products Know what fidelity level is needed for different prototypes Get best practices for prototyping in a variety of mediums, and choose which prototyping software or components to use Learn electronics prototyping basics and resources for getting started Write basic pseudocode and translate it into usable code for Arduino Conduct user tests to gain insights from prototypes
Author | : S.L. Tsohatzidis |
Publisher | : Routledge |
Total Pages | : 631 |
Release | : 2014-02-03 |
Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
ISBN | : 1317933583 |
Download Meanings and Prototypes (RLE Linguistics B: Grammar) Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
There are fewer distinctions in any language than there are distinct things in the universe. If, therefore, languages are ways of representing the universe, a primary function of their elements must be to allow the much more varied kinds of elements out of which the universe is made to be categorized in specific ways. A prototype approach to linguistic categories is a particular way of answering the question of how this categorization operates. It involves two claims. First, that linguistic categorization exploits principles that are not specific to language but characterize most, if not all, processes of cognition. Secondly, that a basic principle by which cognitive and linguistic categories are organized is the prototype principle, which assigns elements to a category not because they exemplify properties that are absolutely required of each one of its members, but because they exhibit, in varying degrees, certain types of similarity with a particular category member which has been established as the best example (or: prototype) of its kind. The development of the prototype approach into a satisfactory body of theory obviously requires both that its empirical base be enriched, and that its conceptual foundations be clarified. These are the areas where this volume, in its 26 essays, makes original contributions. The first two parts contain discussions in which various kinds of linguistic phenomena are analysed in ways that make essential use of prototype notions. The last two parts contain discussions in which prototype notions themselves become the object, rather than the instrument, of analytical scrutiny.
Author | : Sabbas L. Tsochatzidēs |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 584 |
Release | : 2014 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 9781315857398 |
Download Meanings and Prototypes Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Author | : Christoph Molnar |
Publisher | : Lulu.com |
Total Pages | : 320 |
Release | : 2020 |
Genre | : Artificial intelligence |
ISBN | : 0244768528 |
Download Interpretable Machine Learning Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This book is about making machine learning models and their decisions interpretable. After exploring the concepts of interpretability, you will learn about simple, interpretable models such as decision trees, decision rules and linear regression. Later chapters focus on general model-agnostic methods for interpreting black box models like feature importance and accumulated local effects and explaining individual predictions with Shapley values and LIME. All interpretation methods are explained in depth and discussed critically. How do they work under the hood? What are their strengths and weaknesses? How can their outputs be interpreted? This book will enable you to select and correctly apply the interpretation method that is most suitable for your machine learning project.
Author | : John R. Taylor |
Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
Total Pages | : 325 |
Release | : 2003-11-06 |
Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
ISBN | : 0199266646 |
Download Linguistic Categorization Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
This book provides a readable and clearly articulated introduction to an important area in the broader field of Cognitive Linguistics. Taking as its starting point the categorization of colour it explores the far reaching implications of Eleanor Rosch's seminal work on prototype categorization extending it's application of prototype theory from lexical semantics to the study of morphology, syntax, and phonology. First published in 1989 the third edition of this populat text has been fully revised and updated to include recent developments in Cognitive Linguistics. It introduces basic issues in the study of word meaning, and demonstrates the viability of the prototype approach to the study of phonology, syntax and acquistion. The new edition expands the treatment of polysemy, meaning relatedness, idioms and grammatical constructions The book presupposes no prior knowledge of linguistics and will therefore be particulary suited to undergraduate courses.
Author | : Alistair MacLean |
Publisher | : HarperCollins UK |
Total Pages | : 22 |
Release | : 2009-09-03 |
Genre | : Fiction |
ISBN | : 0007289332 |
Download The Lonely Sea Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
A collection of riveting tales of the sea including the story that launched his writing career and the account of the epic battle to sink the German battle ship, Bismarck.
Author | : Thomas Glöckner |
Publisher | : GRIN Verlag |
Total Pages | : 22 |
Release | : 2001-11-12 |
Genre | : Literary Collections |
ISBN | : 3638104028 |
Download Semantic Features vs. Prototypes Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 1997 im Fachbereich Anglistik - Linguistik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (Institut für englische Philologie), Veranstaltung: Proseminar: Language and Psychology, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: 1 Introduction According to Aristotle, every word is to be defined by naming its genus proximum and differentia specifica. The linguistic debate concerning the issue of word-meaning and its adequate description has split researchers into two opposing parties. Traditional linguists whose position is relatively close to Aristotle ́s idea favour a theory called Feature Semantics (hereafter FS) whereas many scientists rather support a more modern approach which can be labelled Prototype Theory (hereafter PT). The aim of this research paper is to describe and compare these two concepts. As a conclusion of the first (theoretical) part, it will try to show that the two approaches are not incompatible but that they even seem to function on a complementary basis. In the second (more practical) part, I will try to decompose the meaning elements of some verbs of selected English semantic fields and thus give an example for the use (and usefulness) of semantic features. [...]
Author | : Todd Zaki Warfel |
Publisher | : Rosenfeld Media |
Total Pages | : 195 |
Release | : 2009-11-01 |
Genre | : Design |
ISBN | : 1933820225 |
Download Prototyping Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
Prototyping is a great way to communicate the intent of a design both clearly and effectively. Prototypes help you to flesh out design ideas, test assumptions, and gather real-time feedback from users. With this book, Todd Zaki Warfel shows how prototypes are more than just a design tool by demonstrating how they can help you market a product, gain internal buy-in, and test feasibility with your development team.
Author | : John R. Taylor |
Publisher | : Oxford University Press, USA |
Total Pages | : 336 |
Release | : 1995 |
Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
ISBN | : |
Download Linguistic Categorization Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle
BL With a new final chapter which brings the book up to date First published in 1989, this book explores the far-reaching implications of Eleanor Rosch's seminal work on categorization and prototype theory, extending the application of prototype theory from lexical semantics to morphology, syntax, and phonology. It provides a readable and clearly articulated introduction to the field of Cognitive Linguistics. For the second edition John Taylor has added a chapter which updates the book, particularly in its treatment of lexical semantics.